[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-370971-105":59,"doc-detail-370971-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","circulating-tumor-cells-mechanisms-and-clinical-significance-in-colorectal-cancer-metastasis","Circulating tumor cells: mechanisms and clinical significance in colorectal cancer metastasis","","Tumors remain a major global health burden, with colorectal cancer (CRC) ranking among the most common cancers and causes of cancer death worldwide. Despite advances in molecular biology and therapies, metastasis continues to drive the majority of cancer-related mortality, and CRC progression strongly restricts clinical intervention options. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), as mediators of hematogenous metastasis, have become central to deciphering metastatic mechanisms and supporting precision-medicine approaches, making comprehensive understanding vital for early detection, prevention, and identification of new therapeutic targets.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/circulating-tumor-cells-mechanisms-and-clinical-significance-in-colorectal-cancer-metastasis/370971/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/circulating-tumor-cells-mechanisms-and-clinical-significance-in-colorectal-cancer-metastasis/370971.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Blitz","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why are circulating tumor cells (CTCs) important in colorectal cancer metastasis?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"CTCs enter the bloodstream after detaching from primary and/or metastatic tumors and carry tumor biological information that enables distal colonization and metastatic focus formation.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What limits clinical intervention options in colorectal cancer once metastasis develops?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"As CRC progresses to the metastatic stage, intervention options become significantly more limited compared with earlier stages where surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy are possible.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How can understanding CTC-mediated mechanisms support clinical practice?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"A comprehensive grasp of CTC mechanisms—especially within the invasion-metastasis cascade—supports early metastasis detection, prevention, and the identification of new therapeutic targets.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},370971,1790624960,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":46,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":31},24464137899374,"https://us-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","Ren etal. Molecular Cancer (2025) 24:242 [https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-025-02465-w](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-025-02465-w)  \nMolecular Cancer  \nREVIEW Open Access  \nCirculating tumor cells: mechanismsand clinical significance in colorectal cancer metastasis  \nXuanyu Ren 1†, Mei Song3†, Xianzhi Liu2*† and Weiling He 1*  \nAbstract  \nTumors are a major global health problem. As economic development and material standards increase, the incidence and mortality of digestive system tumors have shown an overall rising trend. Among them, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Despite advances in molecular biology and therapeutic strategies, tumor metastasis remains the main driver of cancerrelated deaths (about 90%) . Especially in CRC, the progression of metastasis greatly limits clinical intervention options. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), a key mediator of hematogenous metastasis, have emerged as a key target for unravelling metastatic mechanisms and developing therapeutic strategies, and are gradually gaining prominence in tumor biology and precision medicine. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of CTC-mediated mechanisms, especially in the invasion-metastasis cascade of CRC and other cancers of the digestive system, is crucial for early metastasis detection, prevention and identification of new therapeutic targets.  \nKeywords Circulating tumor cells, Colorectal cancer metastasis, Liquid biopsy, Preclinical models, Clinical application, Enrichment strategy  \n†Xuanyu Ren, Mei Song and Xianzhi Liu contributed equally to this work.  \n*Correspondence:  \nXianzhi Liu [liuxzh37@mail2.sysu.edu.cn](liuxzh37@mail2.sysu.edu.cn)[ ](liuxzh37@mail2.sysu.edu.cn)Weiling He[wl he@xah.xmu.edu.cn](wl he@xah.xmu.edu.cn)  \n1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China  \n2Department of Gastroenterology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China 3Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of SunYat-sen University, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou,  \nGuangdong 510080, China  \nIntroduction  \nIt is estimated that cancers of the digestive system account for approximately one quarter (24.6%) of the global cancer incidence and more than one third (34.1%) of all cancer-related deaths in 20221. Among them, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths globally [1]and the trend of incidence and mortality has been increasing year by year, which is a serious risk to people’s health (Fig. 1).  \nAlthough innovations in molecular biology techniques and tumor treatment strategies have significantly advanced the field of cancer research, tumor metastasis remains a central causative factor in the deaths of cancer patients worldwide [2]leading to approximately 90% of cancer-related deaths. Tumor metastasis also dominates the high mortality rate of cancers of the digestive system  \n© The Author(s) 2025. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceed","cbCaiv0P0m03qZdK","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiv0P0m03qZdK","pdf",2115428,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Epidemiology and clinical burden of colorectal cancer\n## Metastasis and the role of circulating tumor cells\n## Purpose of the review","[{\"question\":\"Why are circulating tumor cells (CTCs) important in colorectal cancer metastasis?\",\"answer\":\"CTCs enter the bloodstream after detaching from primary and/or metastatic tumors and carry tumor biological information that enables distal colonization and metastatic focus formation.\"},{\"question\":\"What limits clinical intervention options in colorectal cancer once metastasis develops?\",\"answer\":\"As CRC progresses to the metastatic stage, intervention options become significantly more limited compared with earlier stages where surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy are possible.\"},{\"question\":\"How can understanding CTC-mediated mechanisms support clinical practice?\",\"answer\":\"A comprehensive grasp of CTC mechanisms—especially within the invasion-metastasis cascade—supports early metastasis detection, prevention, and the identification of new therapeutic targets.\"}]","Circulating tumor cells: mechanisms and clinical significance in colorectal cancer metastasis | PDF",1790190917]