[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-456270-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-456270-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","circulating-branched-chain-amino-acids-are-associated-with-higher-odds-of-obesity-findings-from-the-filwhel-study","Circulating Branched-Chain Amino Acids are Associated with Higher Odds of Obesity - Findings from the FiLWHEL Study","","Dietary and circulating branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) show divergent relationships with obesity, motivating an assessment of both independent and combined effects of dietary intake and circulating BCAA concentrations. Analyses in 540 Filipino women used energy-adjusted dietary measures and log-transformed circulating BCAA, classified into quartiles and dichotomized to evaluate joint categories. Multivariable logistic regression estimated odds ratios for obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) with two-sided P\u003C0.05. Higher circulating BCAA profiles were linked to greater obesity odds independent of dietary levels. No evidence of interaction emerged between dietary and circulating BCAAs.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/circulating-branched-chain-amino-acids-are-associated-with-higher-odds-of-obesity-findings-from-the-filwhel-study/456270/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/circulating-branched-chain-amino-acids-are-associated-with-higher-odds-of-obesity-findings-from-the-filwhel-study/456270.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Ben ","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-01","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",9,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What question does the study address about BCAAs and obesity?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"It evaluates whether dietary intake and circulating concentrations of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are independently and jointly associated with obesity.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How were BCAAs exposure levels defined in the analysis?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Dietary BCAAs were energy-adjusted and circulating BCAAs were log-transformed, then categorized into quartiles and dichotomized by the median to form joint exposure categories.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What did the results show about circulating BCAAs and obesity risk?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Increasing quartiles of circulating total BCAAs were associated with higher odds of obesity, and this relationship held independent of dietary BCAA intake levels.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},456270,1791017172,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,115,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},2336478951081,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Circulating Branched-Chain Amino Acids are Associated with Higher Odds of Obesity: Findings from the FiLWHEL Study  \nNutrition and Metabolic Insights  \nVolume 19: 1-13 © The Author(s) 2026 Article reuse guidelines:  \n[sagepub.com/journals-permissions](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[ ](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[DOI: 10.1177/11786388251395146](DOI: 10.1177/11786388251395146)[ ](DOI: 10.1177/11786388251395146)[journals.sagepub.com/home/nmi](journals.sagepub.com/home/nmi)  \nAkinkunmi Paul Okekunle 1,2, Heejin Lee3, Sherlyn Mae P. Provido 1,2, Grace H. Chung4, Sangmo Hong5, Sung Hoon Yu5, Chang Beom Lee5 and Jung Eun Lee 1,2  \nAbstract  \nBackground: Dietary and circulating branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) exhibited divergent associations with obesity, and this study evaluated the independent and joint associations of dietary intakes and circulating concentrations of BCAA with obesity.  \nMethods: Energy-adjusted dietary and log-transformed circulating BCAAs from 540 Filipino women were categorized into quartiles and dichotomized by the median, low(\u003Cmedian) or high(≥median) to examine the joint association as follows: “low dietary and low circulating”BCAA,“low dietary and high circulating”BCAA, “high dietary and low circulating” BCAA and “high dietary and high circulating”BCAA. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was used to compute the odds ratio(OR) and 95% confidence intervals(CI) of obesity(BMI ≥25kg/m2) at a two-sided P \u003C 0.05. Results: The odds of being obese by increasing quartile of dietary total BCAA were 1.00, 0.84 (0.49, 1.43), 0.68 (0.39, 1.19), and 0.56 (0.31, 1.02; P for trend = .05). However, the odds of being obese by increasing quartile of circulating total BCAA were 1.00, 2.62 (1.38, 5.00), 3.43 (1.83, 6.44), and 5.97 (3.19, 11.16; P for trend \u003C .0001). The ORs (95% CI) for being obese by categories of the joint total dietary and circulating BCAA (using low dietary and low circulating BCAA as reference) were 2.06 (1.19, 3.56) for low dietary and high circulating, 0.54 (0.28, 1.02) for high dietary and low circulating and 1.84 (1.03, 3.28) for high dietary and high circulating (P for interaction = .61).  \nConclusion: Higher circulating BCAA profiles, independent of dietary BCAA intake levels, were associated with a higher prevalence of obesity, with no evidence of interaction in the divergent independent associations between dietary and circulating BCAAs and obesity.  \nKeywords  \nbranched-chain amino acids, body mass index, waist circumference, metabolomics, diet  \nReceived: 11 February 2025; accepted: 20 October 2025  \n1 Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Korea  \n2Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Korea 3Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA  \n4Department of Child Development & Family Studies, Seoul National University, Korea  \n5Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea  \nCorresponding author:  \nJung Eun Lee, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea.  \nEmail: [jungelee@snu.ac.kr](jungelee@snu.ac.kr)  \nCreative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License ([https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without  \nfurther permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages ([https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage](https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage)).  \nIntroduction  \nObesity is a prominent risk factor for multiple metabolic disorders and a significant public health problem","cbCaig9cWtAR1Jvi","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaig9cWtAR1Jvi","pdf",574165,13,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion\n# Keywords\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What question does the study address about BCAAs and obesity?\",\"answer\":\"It evaluates whether dietary intake and circulating concentrations of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are independently and jointly associated with obesity.\"},{\"question\":\"How were BCAAs exposure levels defined in the analysis?\",\"answer\":\"Dietary BCAAs were energy-adjusted and circulating BCAAs were log-transformed, then categorized into quartiles and dichotomized by the median to form joint exposure categories.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the results show about circulating BCAAs and obesity risk?\",\"answer\":\"Increasing quartiles of circulating total BCAAs were associated with higher odds of obesity, and this relationship held independent of dietary BCAA intake levels.\"}]","Circulating Branched-Chain Amino Acids are Associated with Higher Odds of Obesity - Findings from the FiLWHEL Study | PDF",1790745445,33]