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Chitosan/alginate polymeric nanoparticles (NANO-AMCAL) were formulated to improve Amg effectiveness, with in vitro results demonstrating strong activity against breast cancer cells. An in vivo Wistar rat model was used to assess therapeutic efficacy, dose, weight and tumor volume after DMBA-induced carcinogenesis, supported by histopathology of breast and lung tissues. NANO-AMCAL increased Amg anticancer performance, with 0.33 mg Amg showing a response comparable to tamoxifen and tumor volume decreasing up to 17.43% by day 14, without metastases.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/chitosanalginate-polymeric-nanoparticle-loaded-mangostin-characterization-cytotoxicity-and-in-vivo-evaluation-against-breast-cancer-cells/384069/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/chitosanalginate-polymeric-nanoparticle-loaded-mangostin-characterization-cytotoxicity-and-in-vivo-evaluation-against-breast-cancer-cells/384069.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Adam","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What problem does Amg have that motivates using nanoparticle delivery?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Amg’s low solubility and limited selectivity against cancer cells reduce its efficacy, motivating encapsulation in chitosan/alginate polymeric nanoparticles.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What is NANO-AMCAL and how was its efficacy tested?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"NANO-AMCAL is a chitosan/alginate polymeric nanoparticle formulation designed to enhance Amg effectiveness. 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Made Joni 2,8, *  \nCitation: Muchtaridi, M.; Suryani, A.I.; Wathoni, N.; Herdiana, Y.; Mohammed, A.F.A.; Gazzali, A.M.; Lesmana, R.; Joni, I.M.  \nChitosan/Alginate Polymeric Nanoparticle-Loaded 􀀋-Mangostin:  \nCharacterization, Cytotoxicity, and In Vivo Evaluation against Breast Cancer Cells. Polymers 2023, 15, 3658 . [https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)polym15183658  \nAcademic Editor: Vladimir A. Belyy  \nReceived: 14 July 2023  \nRevised: 21 August 2023  \nAccepted: 27 August 2023  \nPublished: 5 September 2023  \nCopyright: © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; [ade20011@mail.unpad.ac.id](ade20011@mail.unpad.ac.id)  \n2 Functional Nano Powder University Center of Excellence (FiNder U CoE), Universitas Padjadjaran, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia  \n3 Research Collaboration Centre for Radiopharmaceuticals Theranostic, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta 10340, Indonesia  \n4 Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; [nasrul@unpad.ac.id](nasrul@unpad.ac.id) (N.W.); [y.herdiana@unpad.ac.id](y.herdiana@unpad.ac.id) (Y.H.)  \n5 Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; [ahmed.mohamed1@minia.edu.eg](ahmed.mohamed1@minia.edu.eg)  \n6 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Penang Malaysia; [amirahmg@usm.my](amirahmg@usm.my)  \n7 Physiology Division, Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biology Cell, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; [ronny@unpad.ac.id](ronny@unpad.ac.id)  \n8 Departement of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia  \n* [Correspondence: muchtaridi@unpad.ac.id](Correspondence: muchtaridi@unpad.ac.id) (M.M.); [imadejoni@phys.unpad.ac.id](imadejoni@phys.unpad.ac.id) (I.M.J.)  \nAbstract: 􀀋-mangostin (Amg), a compound isolated from the mangosteen rind (Garcinia mangostana, L.), has demonstrated promising anticancer activity. However, its low solubility and selectivity against cancer cells limit its efficacy. To address this issue, researchers have developed chitosan/alginate polymeric nanoparticles (NANO-AMCAL) to enhance the effectiveness of Amg. In vitro studies have demonstrated that NANO-AMCAL is highly active against breast cancer cells. Therefore, an in vivo study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of NANO-AMCAL in treating breast cancer in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) and determine the effective dose. The rats were divided into seven treatment groups, including positive control, negative control, pure Amg, and NANO-AMCAL 5 mg, 10 mg, and 20 mg. The rats were injected subcutaneously with a carcinogenic agent, 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) and were evaluated for weight and tumor volume every three days during treatment. Surgery was performed on day 14, and histopathological studies were carried out on breast and lung cancer tissues. The results showed that NANO-AMCAL significantly enhanced the anticancer activity of Amg in treating breast cancer in Wistar rats. NANO-AMCAL contain","cbCaij9Bkb7BSKXO","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaij9Bkb7BSKXO","pdf",10190016,24,"English","# Abstract\n# Keywords\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What problem does Amg have that motivates using nanoparticle delivery?\",\"answer\":\"Amg’s low solubility and limited selectivity against cancer cells reduce its efficacy, motivating encapsulation in chitosan/alginate polymeric nanoparticles.\"},{\"question\":\"What is NANO-AMCAL and how was its efficacy tested?\",\"answer\":\"NANO-AMCAL is a chitosan/alginate polymeric nanoparticle formulation designed to enhance Amg effectiveness. Its anticancer performance was evaluated in vitro and then in vivo in Wistar rats using DMBA-induced breast cancer.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the key in vivo findings regarding dose, tumor volume, and tissue effects?\",\"answer\":\"NANO-AMCAL significantly improved anticancer activity in Wistar rats. The effective dose was identified as 20 mg, with tumor volume continuing to decrease up to 17.43% by day 14, and histopathology indicating tissue repair without metastases.\"}]","Chitosan/Alginate Polymeric Nanoparticle-Loaded α-Mangostin - Characterization, Cytotoxicity, and In Vivo Evaluation against Breast Cancer Cells | PDF",1790261066]