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This study evaluates chitosan-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles co-loaded with chrysin and quercetin (Chr–Qur@MSNs–Chi) against A549 lung cancer cells. Nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized by DLS, FTIR, and SEM, then assessed via MTT viability testing and qRT-PCR for apoptosis-related gene expression. Results show spherical 80–110 nm particles, strong pro-apoptotic gene modulation and enhanced G0/G1 arrest compared with free Chr–Qur.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/chitosan-functionalized-mesoporous-silica-nanoparticles-co-loaded-with-chrysin-and-quercetin-a-potent-strategy-against-lung-cancer-cells/455581/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/chitosan-functionalized-mesoporous-silica-nanoparticles-co-loaded-with-chrysin-and-quercetin-a-potent-strategy-against-lung-cancer-cells/455581.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Liam","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What therapeutic strategy does the study test against lung cancer cells?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"It tests chitosan-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles co-loaded with chrysin and quercetin (Chr–Qur@MSNs–Chi) on A549 lung cancer cells.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How were the nanoparticles characterized?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"They were characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What biological effects were observed in the treated A549 cells?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The treatment showed cytotoxicity in MTT assays, induced stronger G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, and upregulated p53, Bax, and Fas while downregulating Cyclin D1, pRB, and Bcl-2, indicating apoptosis.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},455581,1790968985,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":56,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},8796095461564,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","[www. nature.com/scientificreports](www. nature.com/scientificreports)  \nOPEN  \nChitosan-functionalizedmesoporous silica nanoparticles coloaded with chrysin and quercetin: a potent strategy against lung cancer cells  \nChou-Yi Hsu1, Ammar Yasir Ahmed2􀀍, Nahed S. Alharthi3, Alanood S. Algarni4, FakhriaA. Al Joufi5, R. Roopashree6, Zafar Aminov7, Sumit Kaushal8,  \nFiras Sattar Gheni AL-Jabban9 & Khursheed Muzammil10  \nLung cancer (LC) represents a major and growing challenge in global healthcare, necessitating the exploration of innovative therapeutic strategies. In this context, nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as promising platforms for enhancing treatment efficacy and improving patient outcomes. The present study investigated the cytotoxic effects of chitosan-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) co-loaded with chrysin (Chr) and quercetin (Qur)—denoted as Chr–Qur@MSNs–Chi—on A549 lung cancer cells. Chr–Qur@MSNs–Chi NPs were synthesized and characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cell viability and apoptosis-related gene expression were evaluated using the MTT assay and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), respectively.The synthesized NPs were spherical, with an average size range of 80–110 nm, and exhibited no detectable impurities. The DLS analysis indicateda particle size of approximately 110 nm and a zeta potential of − 36.5 mV. The MTT assay revealed IC₅₀ values of 1 µM and 2 µM after 24 and 48 h of treatment, respectively. Furthermore, Chr–Qur@MSNs– Chi induced greater cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase compared to the free Chr–Qur combination. Gene expression analysis demonstrated significant upregulation of p53, Bax, and Fas (2.1-, 2.2-, and  \n2.4-fold, respectively), alongside downregulation of Cyclin D1, pRB, and Bcl-2 (0.6-, 0.8-, and 0.7-fold, respectively), indicating strong apoptotic effects (P \u003C 0.001). These findings suggest that Chr–Qur@ MSNs–Chi nanoparticles exhibit potent anticancer activity against A549 human lung cancer cells, likely through the induction of apoptosis and modulation of apoptosis-related gene expression pathways.  \nKeywords Lung cancer, Dual drug-loaded, Mesopurs silica nanoparticle, Quercetin, Chrysin, Apoptosis, Cell cycle  \nAccording to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (GLOBOCAN), lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, accounting for approximately 18% of all cancer deaths1. Considering its biological characteristics, prognosis, and response to therapy, lung cancr is expansively classified  \n1Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 71710, Taiwan. 2College of Pharmacy, University of Al Maarif, Al Anbar 31001, Iraq. 3Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia. 4Pharmacology and Toxicology Department College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. 5Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia. 6Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India. 7Department of Public Health and Healthcare management, Samarkand State Medical University, Amir Temur Street, Samarkand, Uzbekistan. 8Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India. 9Anesthesia Techniques Department, College of Health and Medical Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon 51001, Iraq. 10Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Khamis Mushait Campus, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.  \n􀀍 email: [ammar.yasir@uoa.edu.iq](ammar.yasir@uoa.edu.iq)  \n[www. nature.com/scientificreports/](www. nature.com/scientificreports/)  \ninto two main categor","cbCaioDrboRH1dSR","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioDrboRH1dSR","pdf",5199591,"English","# Abstract\n# Methods\n## Nanoparticle synthesis and characterization\n## Cell viability and gene expression assays\n# Results\n## Nanoparticle properties\n## Cytotoxicity and apoptosis effects\n## Cell cycle arrest and gene regulation\n# Background and rationale\n## Epidemiology of lung cancer\n## Current therapies and limitations\n## Choice of chrysin and quercetin","[{\"question\":\"What therapeutic strategy does the study test against lung cancer cells?\",\"answer\":\"It tests chitosan-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles co-loaded with chrysin and quercetin (Chr–Qur@MSNs–Chi) on A549 lung cancer cells.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the nanoparticles characterized?\",\"answer\":\"They were characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).\"},{\"question\":\"What biological effects were observed in the treated A549 cells?\",\"answer\":\"The treatment showed cytotoxicity in MTT assays, induced stronger G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, and upregulated p53, Bax, and Fas while downregulating Cyclin D1, pRB, and Bcl-2, indicating apoptosis.\"}]","Chitosan-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles co-loaded with chrysin and quercetin: a potent strategy against lung cancer cells | PDF",1790743470,48]