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Describes how adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) endanger children’s health and mental well-being, with heightened risk from social isolation and disrupted routines. Defines resilience as adaptive capacity under disturbances, summarizes evidence on its protective role across individual, family, and social systems.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/child-resilience-in-a-global-pandemic/601167/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/child-resilience-in-a-global-pandemic/601167.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"LangkahRina","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-16","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What makes COVID-19 especially challenging for children’s safety and development?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"COVID-19 reaches every corner of the earth, making outside support difficult to obtain. It also involves uncertainty about spread, which populations it affects most, and how long the trauma will persist.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How do adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) affect young children?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Long-term exposure to ACEs without a caring adult support can severely impact a young child’s developing brain. It can contribute to learning, behavior, mental and physical health challenges, along with deficits in language, attention, and self-regulation.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What does resilience mean in the context of child development?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Resilience is described as the capacity of a dynamic system to adapt successfully to disturbances that threaten system function, viability, or development. It also refers to the ability to overcome and “bounce back,” supported by interconnected individual, family, and social systems.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},601167,1792117969,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46},962090893776,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Child Resilience in a Global Pandemic  \nEllen McKenzie  \nChildren’s development worldwide is threatened by trauma and the lived experiences of disasters, war, famine, terrorism, poverty, climate change, displacement, political violence, and pandemics (Abramson, 2020; Masten, 2013; Sciaraffa et al. , 2018) . Exposure to adverse childhood experiences [ACEs] – traumatic childhood events resulting from ongoing and long-term exposure to stressful life situations (Sciaraffa et al. ; Spenrath et al. , 2011;)–threatens the basic health and mental well-being of children (Abramson, 2020; Masten & Barnes, 2018) . The 21st century has seen a vast array of traumatic events: Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, the BP Oil Spill, the 2008 earthquake in China, the 9/11 terrorist attacks, SARS, H1N1 flu, the tsunami in Southeast Asia, the Fukushima nuclear power plant melt-down (Masten, 2013), the Beirut port explosion, and current and ongoing, the Coronavirus pandemic. Unlike most crises, COVID-19 reaches every corner of the earth, making outside supports impossible for communities to attain. Another anomaly with COVID-19 is the indefinite nature of the virus, uncertainty about how it is spread, what population or age group it affects most, and what will end the ongoing trauma.  \nOn January 9, 2020, the Chinese news media released information that researchers in China had identified a new strain of the infectious disease that was rapidly spreading – the infectious disease caused by the most recently discovered coronavirus, soon to be known worldwide as merely COVID-19 (Li et al. , 2020; WHO, 2020) . By the end of January, the World Health Organization [WHO] had declared the COVID-19 outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (WHO), declaring it by March 11, 2020, as a worldwide pandemic.  \nHow Tragedy Impacts Children and Child Development  \nIn previous catastrophic events and the current COVID-19 pan-  \ndemic, children’s safety, cognitive development, and mental health are at risk (Abramson, 2020; Felitti et al. , 1998; Golberstein et al., 2020; Masten, 2013; Sciaraffa et al. , 2017; Spenrath et al. , 2011) . The American Psychological Association [APA] stresses the possible negative impacts of social isolation during the pandemic, citing loneliness, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD] as possible outcomes of quarantine (APA, 2020) . The WHO (2020) released papers detailing concerns over the pandemic’s mental health and psychosocial consequences, stating that self-isolation and quarantine orders issued in countries around the world have disrupted families’ normal activities, incomes, and daily routines. These factors increase depression, alcohol abuse, drug use, self-harm, and potential suicide (WHO, 2020) .  \nRisks stemming from these stressors are compounded for the young and developing child (Felitti et al. , 1998; Spenrath et al., 2011) . Felitti et al. found that long-term exposure to ACEs without the support of a caring adult can severely impact the young child’s developing brain and potentially lead to challenges for long-term learning, behavior, and mental and physical health. Other potential outcomes for the young child include language and attention deficits, delayed development of executive functioning and reasoning skills, lack of self-regulation, poor impulse control, oppositional behaviors, extreme emotional reactions, aggression, poor physical health, defensiveness, and difficulty processing new information (APA; Sciaraffa et al.) . Early childhood professionals have long been aware of and concerned about the effects of trauma on the developing child, their consequences on the healthy, normal development of young learners, and the role developmentally appropriate practices play in supporting children through crises (Copple & Bredekamp, 2009; Pizzolongo & Hunter, 2018) .  \nWhat is Resilience?  \nHow will our youngest and most vulnerable children overcome the impacts of trauma like the COVID-19","cbCairMsjDnN3mxa","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairMsjDnN3mxa","pdf",165322,"English","# How Tragedy Impacts Children and Child Development\n## What is Resilience?","[{\"question\":\"What makes COVID-19 especially challenging for children’s safety and development?\",\"answer\":\"COVID-19 reaches every corner of the earth, making outside support difficult to obtain. It also involves uncertainty about spread, which populations it affects most, and how long the trauma will persist.\"},{\"question\":\"How do adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) affect young children?\",\"answer\":\"Long-term exposure to ACEs without a caring adult support can severely impact a young child’s developing brain. It can contribute to learning, behavior, mental and physical health challenges, along with deficits in language, attention, and self-regulation.\"},{\"question\":\"What does resilience mean in the context of child development?\",\"answer\":\"Resilience is described as the capacity of a dynamic system to adapt successfully to disturbances that threaten system function, viability, or development. It also refers to the ability to overcome and “bounce back,” supported by interconnected individual, family, and social systems.\"}]","Child Resilience in a Global Pandemic | PDF",1792092108]