[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-308800-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-308800-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","chi-2005-papers-take-a-number-stand-in-line-interruptions-attention-1","CHI 2005 Papers - Take a Number, Stand in Line - Interruptions & Attention 1","","Detailed observations of 24 information workers show that work fragmentation is a common practice characterized by both how long people stay within an activity and how frequently they are interrupted. The analysis examines fragmentation across collocation effects, interruption types, and how work is resumed. Results indicate high fragmentation: limited time in active work spheres and frequent interruptions, with internal interruptions mainly personal and external interruptions mainly central work. Although most interrupted work resumes the same day, multiple intervening activities often occur.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/chi-2005-papers-take-a-number-stand-in-line-interruptions-attention-1/308800/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/chi-2005-papers-take-a-number-stand-in-line-interruptions-attention-1/308800.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Ophelia","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-10","2026-09-20",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",16,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What two components define work fragmentation in the study?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Work fragmentation is defined by the length of time spent in a continuous activity and the frequency of interruptions during that activity.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How do interruption types differ in the findings?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Most internal interruptions are due to personal work, while most external interruptions are due to central work.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What happens after work is interrupted, according to the paper?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Most interrupted work is resumed on the same day, but more than two intervening activities can occur before resumption.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},308800,1790895103,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,111,115,120,123,127],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":126},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":128,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":130},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":132},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":133,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":112,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":124,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},7971461741311,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/74000253aff267980c6?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779345379180704826","CHI 2005 ׀ PAPERS: Take a Number, Stand in Line (Interruptions & Attention 1) April 2–7 ׀ Portland, Oregon, USA  \nNo Task Left Behind? Examining the Nature of Fragmented Work  \nGloria Mark, Victor M. Gonzalez, Justin Harris  \nDonald Bren School of Information and Computer Science  \nUniversity of California, Irvine  \n{gmark,vmgyg,[jharris2}@ics.uci.edu](jharris2}@ics.uci.edu)  \nABSTRACT  \nWe present data from detailed observation of 24 information workers that shows that they experience work fragmentation as common practice. We consider that work fragmentation has two components: length of time spent in an activity, and frequency of interruptions. We examined work fragmentation along three dimensions: effect of collocation, type of interruption, and resumption of work. We found work to be highly fragmented: people average little time in working spheres before switching and 57% of their working spheres are interrupted. Collocated people work longer before switching but have more interruptions. Most internal interruptions are due to personal work whereas most external interruptions are due to central work. Though most interrupted work is resumed on the same day, more than two intervening activities occur before it is. We discuss implications for technology design: how our results can be used to support people to maintain continuity within a larger framework of their working spheres.  \nAuthor Keywords  \nMulti-tasking, attention management, information overload, interruptions, empirical study  \nACM Classification Keywords  \nH.4.1. [Information Systems Applications] : Office Automation—Time Management; H.5.2. [Information Interfaces and Presentation]: User Interfaces—Theory and Methods.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nMulti-tasking in the workplace is a topic that is receiving increasing attention both in the academic and popular press. Engaging in multiple activities appears to be related to the scope of work; as the scope increases so does multi-tasking [3] . Flattening of hierarchies and expansion of work roles are some of the factors proposed to explain increased and broader task responsibility [5] . Some studies suggest a link  \nPermission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee.  \nCHI 2005, April 2–7, 2005, Portland, Oregon, USA.  \nCopyright 2005 ACM 1-58113-998-5/05/0004…$5 .00.  \nbetween firm downsizing, large-scale expansion, increased work activities, and higher levels of stress [24] .  \nWhy is managing multiple activities important to study? More and more studies are reporting that information workers experience multiple activities in the workplace. Studies of managers documented how they engage in multiple tasks [4,7, 13,23] . It appears that managing multiple activities is becoming more recognized as a basic characteristic of work life for information workers. Understanding the nature and extent of how information workers manage multiple activities in IT-rich environments is important to inform the design of technology to support this type of common work practice.  \nIn a previous study, we discovered that information workers switched work events frequently: averaging every three minutes [6] . This previous study raised a number of questions associated with the nature of how work is fragmented. Whereas in the previous study we focused on the descriptive level of task-switching, in this paper we analyze factors that are associated with the interruption and switching of different tasks. We have expanded our observations to include almost double the number of informants to increase the generalizability of our results on multi-tasking behavior.  \nWORK FRAGMENTATION  \nWe define work fragm","cbCaiiwsD6yUb1Bx","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiiwsD6yUb1Bx","pdf",527752,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Work Fragmentation\n## Two aspects of fragmentation\n## Cognitive cost and nested interruptions\n# Study purpose","[{\"question\":\"What two components define work fragmentation in the study?\",\"answer\":\"Work fragmentation is defined by the length of time spent in a continuous activity and the frequency of interruptions during that activity.\"},{\"question\":\"How do interruption types differ in the findings?\",\"answer\":\"Most internal interruptions are due to personal work, while most external interruptions are due to central work.\"},{\"question\":\"What happens after work is interrupted, according to the paper?\",\"answer\":\"Most interrupted work is resumed on the same day, but more than two intervening activities can occur before resumption.\"}]","CHI 2005 Papers - Take a Number, Stand in Line - Interruptions & Attention 1 | PDF",1789872398,25]