[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-585831-105":59,"doc-detail-585831-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","chartered-for-profit-ii-pandemic-profiteering","Chartered for Profit II - Pandemic Profiteering","","Chartered for Profit II: Pandemic Profiteering investigates the charter school for-profit sector during the Covid-19 pandemic, documenting expansion in schools, for-profit management corporations, and student enrollment. Research shows for-profit operators dominated charter schooling across pandemic years, with rising shares of charter schools and substantial increases in for-profit-run student enrollment. The report highlights under-oversight concerns, low-cost/high-profit virtual charter models, and contracting practices and transactions that can enrich management owners while expanding and creating financial risks.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/chartered-for-profit-ii-pandemic-profiteering/585831/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/chartered-for-profit-ii-pandemic-profiteering/585831.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Riley West","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-25","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does the report examine about the for-profit charter school sector during the pandemic?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It chronicles the sector’s expansion during Covid-19 years, including growth in the number of schools, the for-profit corporations running them, and student enrollment.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What evidence does the report present about the share of charter schools run by for-profits?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It reports that the percentage of charter schools run by for-profits increased from 15 percent to 16.6 percent during the pandemic years.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the report describe low-cost/high-profit virtual charter schools?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It states that a significant portion of students attending for-profit-run schools were enrolled in low-quality virtual charter schools teaching primarily or exclusively online, with figures discussed for 2021 and higher numbers in 2020.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},585831,1792500074,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},1099523885074,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Acknowledgements  \nSpecial thanks to the following:  \nNetwork for Public Education (NPE) Executive Director, Carol Burris and NPE Communications Director, Darcie Cimarusti who authored this report. In addition to supporting its narrative, Cimarusti is also responsible for the layout and design of thereport.  \nEducation policy researcher Matt Garcia, Ph.D. , led the effort to find and document charters operated for profit—a difficult and tedious task.  \nNPE’s Grassroots Network Coordinator, Marla Kilfoyle, who assisted with research for this report.  \nWe would also like to thank:  \nLeigh Dingerson for her skilled and careful editing of the report, as well as her advice regarding structure and content.  \nScholar Gary Miron and his team for their continuing research on charter management corporations and the help he provided in understanding the sector.  \nThis report would not have been possible without the effort and commitment of the NPE Board of Directors, with special thanks to Diane Ravitch, President of NPE. Diane generously gave her support, guidance, editing and advice throughout the writing of this report.  \nFinally, thank you to all of our generous donors who make our work in support of public education possible. No outside organization contributed to, reviewed or influenced the findings of this report.  \nExecutive Summary   \nIn March of 2021, the Network for Public Education published Chartered for Profit: The Hidden World of Charter Schools Operated for Financial Gain. In this follow-up report on the charter for-profit sector, we chronicle its expansion during the years of the Covid-19 pandemic by reporting growth in the number of schools, the number of for-profit corporations that run them, and student enrollment.  \nAcccording to our research, the for-profit sector dominated the charter school sector during the pandemic years. As the pandemic wore on – the percentage of charter schools run by for-profits jumped from 15 percent to 16.6 percent of the charter sector. This is a far greater percentage than is reported by the National Alliance for Public Charter Schools, which inexplicably does not report schools run by for-profit Education Management Organizations (EMOs) that control only one or two schools. These micro-EMOS comprise nearly half of all for-profit EMOs.  \nHowever, the number of schools run for profit underestimatesthe true growth of for-profit schooling during Covid 19. The percentage of students attending a charter school designed to produce a profit for its management company soared. According to the Common Core of Data of the National Center for Education Statistics, the total student enrollment in charter schools during the second year of the pandemic (the 2021-2022 school year) was 3,676,635. Student enrollment in for-profit-run charter schools jumped to 731,406 that year.  \nTable of Contents  \nAcknowledgements • 2 Executive Summary • 3 Introduction • 5  \nFor-profit Chartering: How it Works • 7  \nThe Landscape in 2022 • 10 How Charters Run-for-profit Cash in on Kids • 12  \nLow-cost/High Profit: Virtual Charter Schools • 26  \nA Growing Market: For-profit Chartering • 29  \nConclusions and  \nRecommendations • 31 Methodology • 34  \nEndnotes • 36  \nThat means that 20 percent of all charter school students, 1 in 5, were enrolled ina charter school  \nmanaged by a for-profit management corporation by the pandemic's end.  \nMore disturbing is that 27 percent of the students attending for-profit-run schools were  \nenrolled in low-quality virtual charter schools that teach students either exclusively or  \nprimarily online. That was in 2021. During the prior year (2020) the number was even  \nhigher.  \nThose who defend for-profit charter schooling claim it is no different from public schools  \nusing vendors for transportation services or to purchase textbooks. However, as this report  \nexplains, for-profit chartering is very different from vendors who supply discrete products  \nand services. We detail the various ","cbCaik2m0ee2JyAS","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaik2m0ee2JyAS","pdf",3735657,39,"English","# Acknowledgements\n# Executive Summary\n# Introduction\n## For-profit Chartering: How it Works\n## The Landscape in 2022\n## How Charters Run-for-profit Cash in on Kids\n## Low-cost/High Profit: Virtual Charter Schools\n## A Growing Market: For-profit Chartering\n## Conclusions and Recommendations\n## Methodology\n# Endnotes","[{\"question\":\"What does the report examine about the for-profit charter school sector during the pandemic?\",\"answer\":\"It chronicles the sector’s expansion during Covid-19 years, including growth in the number of schools, the for-profit corporations running them, and student enrollment.\"},{\"question\":\"What evidence does the report present about the share of charter schools run by for-profits?\",\"answer\":\"It reports that the percentage of charter schools run by for-profits increased from 15 percent to 16.6 percent during the pandemic years.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the report describe low-cost/high-profit virtual charter schools?\",\"answer\":\"It states that a significant portion of students attending for-profit-run schools were enrolled in low-quality virtual charter schools teaching primarily or exclusively online, with figures discussed for 2021 and higher numbers in 2020.\"}]","Chartered for Profit II - Pandemic Profiteering | PDF",1792056044,98]