[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-602060-105":59,"doc-detail-602060-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","charter-school-authorizing-understanding-the-differences-among-authorizers-and-school-performance","Charter School Authorizing - Understanding the Differences Among Authorizers and School Performance","","Explores charter school authorizing as an oversight mechanism and addresses limited empirical research on how authorizer type relates to charter outcomes. Analyzes differences in Michigan charter schools’ academic and operational results across student proficiency, growth, overall performance, fiscal performance, and student demand. Finds statistically significant performance differences among authorizers: intermediate school districts lead in student performance, higher education institutions follow, and LEAs show lower performance. Yet LEA-authorized schools exhibit the highest demand and overall fiscal performance.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/charter-school-authorizing-understanding-the-differences-among-authorizers-and-school-performance/602060/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/charter-school-authorizing-understanding-the-differences-among-authorizers-and-school-performance/602060.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"acoobca","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-01","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the central focus of the study on charter school authorizing?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study examines how differences among charter school authorizer types relate to Michigan charter school outcomes in both academic and operational areas.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which authorizer type is associated with the highest student performance in the findings?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Schools authorized by intermediate school districts show the highest student performance in Michigan, followed by schools authorized by higher education institutions.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How do LEA-authorized schools differ in demand and fiscal performance compared with other authorizers?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Although LEA-authorized schools have consistently and significantly lower student performance, they show the highest demand and overall fiscal performance.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},602060,1792122361,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985747870733,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Charter School Authorizing: Understanding the Differences Among Authorizers and School  \nPerformance  \nBenjamin P. Jankens  \nCentral Michigan University  \nCharter schools are an integral part of the public school systems across America, but understanding these complex organizations has proved challenging. One unique attribute of charter school organizational structure is the charter school authorizer. These oversight agencies have a unique role in overseeing, and holding accountable, the schools they authorize. Yet, thereis limited empirical research around charter school authorizing practices and their outcomes. In this study, I examined the differences between Michigan charter school outcomes, both academic and operational, by authorizer type. The results of this study indicate a statistically significant difference among authorizers, based on student proficiency, growth, overall performance, and fiscal performance, and student demand. Moreover, the findings suggest that schools authorized by intermediate school districts had the highest student performance of all charter schools in Michigan, followed by schools authorized by higher education institutions (e.g., colleges and universities). Local education authorities (LEA) had consistently, and significantly, lower student performance than schools authorized by other types. Conversely, schools authorized by LEAs had the highest Demand and overall fiscal performance.  \nKeywords: Charter schools, authorizing, authorizer, school performance, student outcomes  \nICPEL Education Leadership Review, Vol. 22, No. 1– December, 2021 ISSN: 1532-0723 © 2021 International Council of Professors of Educational Leadership  \nCharter schools began as an experiment to improve public education in the United States of America (Weil, 2000) . The theory was that these schools would operate outside of conventional public schools and free of the oversight and regulatory requirements constraining the current educational systems in exchange for increased accountability and performance (Weil, 2009; Roland, 2014) . These new educational programs would become incubators of innovation and spawn new educational methods, addressing conventional public schools' challenges (Fryer, 2014; Wilson, 2016; Gleason, 2019) .  \nWhile charter school enrollment nationally is still a small fraction of all students who attend public schools (4.6%), their influence on the broader conversation about education is paramount (NCES, 2016) . Communities such as Detroit, Michigan, now have more than 50% of their student population attending charter schools, putting them in the spotlight. Various stakeholders are interested in charter school performance and whether students attending charter schools benefit from their programs (Gleason, 2019; Wilson, 2016; Buckley & Schneider, 2009) . Over the years, numerous studies on charter school performance sought to determine whether charter schools perform better or worse than conventional public school districts (Betts & Hill, 2006; Abdulkadiroglu et al., 2009; Ash, 2013) . Some research purports that charter schools are a failed experiment and should be closed, suggesting that they are not performing and instead siphoning necessary resources away from the traditional education system (Miron, 2010; Buddin, 2012) . Other studies show promise – that charter schools address decades of systemic underperformance in urban and high poverty communities, essentially serving the neediest of the neediest students (Merseth & Copper, 2009; Scollo, 2015) .  \nOverall, however, researchers have been unable to isolate a singular conclusion about charter school performance; the determination of whether charter schools are successful is largely dependent upon one's ideological stance on the matter (Clark et al., 2011) . Nevertheless, a reasonable conclusion from the current literature is that some charter schools perform better, others perform worse, and most perform similar to their conventional school coun","cbCairo7VCs6Jo7i","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairo7VCs6Jo7i","pdf",600848,21,"English","# Overview\n## Purpose and research gap\n## Theory and historical background\n## National enrollment and stakeholder interest\n## Mixed evidence on performance\n## Need for additional research\n# Authorizing and accountability\n## How authorizers relate to outcomes\n## Autonomy versus oversight\n## Performance implications by authorizer type","[{\"question\":\"What is the central focus of the study on charter school authorizing?\",\"answer\":\"The study examines how differences among charter school authorizer types relate to Michigan charter school outcomes in both academic and operational areas.\"},{\"question\":\"Which authorizer type is associated with the highest student performance in the findings?\",\"answer\":\"Schools authorized by intermediate school districts show the highest student performance in Michigan, followed by schools authorized by higher education institutions.\"},{\"question\":\"How do LEA-authorized schools differ in demand and fiscal performance compared with other authorizers?\",\"answer\":\"Although LEA-authorized schools have consistently and significantly lower student performance, they show the highest demand and overall fiscal performance.\"}]","Charter School Authorizing - Understanding the Differences Among Authorizers and School Performance | PDF",1792093954,53]