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The study examines whether attending charter high schools affects graduation likelihood and whether it influences equity across student backgrounds. Using student-level longitudinal data from seven Utah public high school cohorts starting ninth grade in 2011–12 through 2017–18, results show lower graduation probability for charter-attending students versus traditional public school peers, with the gap narrowing over time. Evidence on equity is inconclusive.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/charter-school-attendance-and-high-school-graduation/590337/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/charter-school-attendance-and-high-school-graduation/590337.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Pentious","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-02","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How does charter school attendance relate to high school graduation in the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Students attending charter high schools had a lower probability of graduation than peers in traditional public schools. The graduation gap between the two school types narrowed over time.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What does the study conclude about educational equity across different student backgrounds?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The evidence about whether charter school attendance promotes equity among students with diverse backgrounds is inconclusive.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What data and cohorts does the analysis use?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The study uses student-level longitudinal data for seven cohorts of Utah public high school students who began ninth grade between 2011–12 and 2017–18.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},590337,1792167307,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":56,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},1374404730887,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","AERA Open  \nJanuary-December 2025, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 1–19 DOI: 10. 1177/23328584251347516  \nArticle reuse guidelines: [sagepub.com/journals-permissions](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[ ](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)© The Author(s) 2025. [https://journals.sagepub.com/home/ero](https://journals.sagepub.com/home/ero)  \nCharter School Attendance and High School Graduation  \nYongmei Ni  \nUniversity of Utah  \nCharisse Gulosino  \nUniversity of Memphis  \nT. William Altermatt  \nAndrea K. Rorrer  \nUniversity of Utah  \nCharter schools are considered an important education reform effort in the United States. High school graduation stands asan important milestone that impacts students’future opportunities. Hence, it is important to examine whether attending charter schools affects students’ likelihood of graduation and influences equity among students from various backgrounds. Our study addresses these questions by using student-level longitudinal data for seven cohorts of Utah public high school students who started ninth grade between 2011–12 and 2017–18. Our analysis reveals that students who attended charter high schools experienced lower probability of graduation than their counterparts in traditional public schools. However, this gap has been narrowing over time. Moreover, the evidence from our analysis is inconclusive as to whether charter school attendance promotes equity among students with diverse backgrounds. Regardless of school type, it is crucial to create an effective and equitable educational system that supports the success of all students.  \nKeywords: high schools, educational policy, disparities, diversity, correlational analysis, regression analyses, secondary data analysis, graduation, charter schools  \nIntroduction  \nSince their establishment in the early 1990s, charter schools have been regarded as an important aspect of the education reform landscape in the United States. Charter schools have garnered attention nationwide and received both acclaim (e.g., touted as a quality and equitable alternative to traditional schools) and opposition (e.g., strain on already diminishing resources and mechanism of inequity)(Blatt & Votruba-Drzal, 2021; Whitehurst et al., 2016) . Charter school advocates argue that charter schools may have an academic edge over traditional public schools (TPS) in their governance and funding structure (Betts & Tang, 2011; Bifulco & Ladd, 2006) . Unlike TPS, charter schools are often exempted from state and local regulations that govern staffing, financing, and curricula (Betts & Tang, 2011; Clark et al., 2015; Malkus & Hatfield, 2017) . As a result, many people argue that charter schools are better positioned to hire more qualified teachers, allocate funding in a manner that prioritizes student achievement, and adopt a nimble and  \ninnovative outlook as concerns their curricula and pedagogic methods (David et al., 2020; Hoxby & Rockoff, 2005) .  \nIn this article, we focus on the goal of charter schools to create educational opportunities for high school students. Compared with charter elementary and middle schools, charter high schools face challenges to improve student achievement and foster awareness of and access to postsecondary options for their students. High school graduation isone important measure of student achievement and a strong predictor of long-term outcomes. Furthermore, high school completion and graduation serve as a prerequisite for pursuing higher education (Heckman & LaFontaine, 2008) . In the 2019–20 academic year, the graduation rate in the United States reached 87% . However, the graduation rates for public high school students who are American Indian/Alaska Native (75%), African American (81%), and Hispanic (83%) were below the national average (National Center for Education Statistics, 2023b) . Like their TPS counterparts, charter schools create pathways toward high school  \nCreative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of","cbCaicUzccvQDSYV","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicUzccvQDSYV","pdf",641175,"English","# Introduction\n## Charter schools and graduation as reform goals\n## Mixed evidence from prior research\n## Equity debate and study purpose","[{\"question\":\"How does charter school attendance relate to high school graduation in the study?\",\"answer\":\"Students attending charter high schools had a lower probability of graduation than peers in traditional public schools. The graduation gap between the two school types narrowed over time.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the study conclude about educational equity across different student backgrounds?\",\"answer\":\"The evidence about whether charter school attendance promotes equity among students with diverse backgrounds is inconclusive.\"},{\"question\":\"What data and cohorts does the analysis use?\",\"answer\":\"The study uses student-level longitudinal data for seven cohorts of Utah public high school students who began ninth grade between 2011–12 and 2017–18.\"}]","Charter School Attendance and High School Graduation | PDF",1792069369,48]