[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-459482-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-459482-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","characteristics-of-hospitalization-associated-disability-after-cardiac-surgery-by-age-group","Characteristics of Hospitalization-Associated Disability After Cardiac Surgery by Age Group","","Age influences the severity of hospitalization-associated disability (HAD) after cardiac surgery, but age-specific differences in its incidence and characteristics remain insufficiently defined. A prospective multicenter observational study analyzed 604 elective cardiac surgery patients across 12 acute-care hospitals. HAD was defined as a ≥5-point Barthel Index decline from preoperative assessment to discharge. Incidence varied by age: 6.8% (65–74), 14.5% (75–89), and 10.4% overall, with differing contributing factors between age groups.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/characteristics-of-hospitalization-associated-disability-after-cardiac-surgery-by-age-group/459482/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/characteristics-of-hospitalization-associated-disability-after-cardiac-surgery-by-age-group/459482.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Mia  ","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-06","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",10,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"How is hospitalization-associated disability (HAD) defined in this study?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"HAD is defined as a decrease of at least 5 points in the Barthel Index score from the preoperative assessment to the discharge assessment.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What was the incidence of HAD across the age groups examined?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"The incidence was 6.8% for ages 65–74, 14.5% for ages 75–89, and 10.4% overall.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"Which factors were associated with HAD in the 65–74 versus 75–89 age groups?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"For ages 65–74, HAD incidence was influenced by comorbidities, prehospital nursing care level, preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction, intubation time, and physical function. For ages 75–89, it was associated with Kihon Checklist score, nursing care level, use of rehabilitation services, preoperative physical function, and intubation time.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},459482,1791077904,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,115,120,123,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":55,"slug":125},"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":108,"preview_page_count":4},687207024478,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Circulation Reports  \nCirc Rep 2026; 8: 77–92 doi:10.1253/circrep.CR-25-0080  \nORIGINAL ARTICLE  \nCardiac Rehabilitation  \n\n| Characteristics of Hospitalization-Associated Disability After Cardiac Surgery by Age Group |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| Satomi Kusaka, PhD; Masakazu Saitoh, PhD; Tomoyuki Morisawa, PhD;\u003Cbr>Kentaro Iwata, PhD; Masami Inokuma, MSc; Go Takamura; Akira Minei; Yusuke Ochi;\u003Cbr>Koji Sakurada, PhD; Yu Hojo; Junichi Nishikawa; Kenta Kamisaka, PhD;\u003Cbr>Masayuki Tahara; Yosuke Takahashi, MSc; Tetsuya Takahashi, PhD, MSc\u003Cbr>Background: Several studies have reported that age influences the severity of hospitalization-associated disability (HAD) after cardiac surgery. However, age-specific differences in the incidence and characteristics of HAD remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the incidence and characteristics of HAD according to age group.\u003Cbr>Methods and Results: This prospective, multicenter observational study included 604 patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery at 12 acute-care hospitals. HAD was defined as a decrease of ≥5 points in the Barthel Index score from the preoperative assessment to the discharge assessment. The HAD incidence rate was 6.8% for patients aged 65–74 years, 14.5% for patients aged 75–89 years, and 10.4% overall. The characteristics varied by age group. In the 65–74 age group, the incidence of HAD was influenced by a higher prevalence of comorbidities, level of prehospital nursing care, preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction, intubation time, and physical function. In the 75–89 age group, HAD incidence was associated with Kihon Checklist score, level of nursing care, the use of rehabilitation services, preoperative physical function, and intubation time.\u003Cbr>Conclusions: The incidence of HAD in post-cardiac surgery patients was 10.4%, increasing with age. Factors affecting the incidence of HAD differed by age group.\u003Cbr>Key Words: Age groups; Cardiac surgery; Hospitalization-associated disability |  |\n| H\u003Cbr>ospitalization-associated disability (HAD) is defined as “a decline in activities of daily living (ADLs) associated with hospitalization”.1 Mea-\u003Cbr>sures to prevent HAD are urgently needed because it greatly affects the lives of older patients after hospitalization.2,3 Previous studies in Japan reported an incidence of HAD of approximately 21–25% among cardiac surgery patients,4–8 and 37. 1% among older patients with heart failure (HF) .9 Patients in the HAD group were older than those in the non-HAD group, and older cardiac patients have multiple comorbidities, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, kidney disease, and dementia, related to physical | aging.10–12 Additionally, many patients have sarcopenia and/or frailty resulting from the loss of muscle mass due to aging. These factors affect the patient’s prognosis by lowering their quality of life and increasing the rehospitalization and mortality rates.6,10,13–16\u003Cbr>Because age is a factor in the incidence of HAD, further clarification of patient characteristics, such as multimorbidity, physical function, and nursing care levels based on age, is needed to develop HAD prevention strategies. In this study we aimed to clarify the incidence rate and characteristics of HAD in patients of different ages after cardiac surgery. |\n\nReceived April 30, 2025; revised manuscript received September 14, 2025; accepted September 23, 2025; J-STAGE Advance Publication released online November 22, 2025 Time for primary review: 30 days  \nDepartment of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Tokyo University of Technology, Tokyo (S.K.); Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo (M.S., T.M., T.T.); Department of Rehabilitation, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe (K.I.); Department of Rehabilitation, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Gunma (M.I.); Department of Rehabilitation, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima (G.T.); Department of Rehabilitation, University ","cbCailQ1CeEq4Zcj","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailQ1CeEq4Zcj","pdf",1187762,16,"English","# Background\n# Methods and Results\n## Study design and definition of HAD\n## Age-specific incidence and associated factors\n# Conclusions\n# Key Words","[{\"question\":\"How is hospitalization-associated disability (HAD) defined in this study?\",\"answer\":\"HAD is defined as a decrease of at least 5 points in the Barthel Index score from the preoperative assessment to the discharge assessment.\"},{\"question\":\"What was the incidence of HAD across the age groups examined?\",\"answer\":\"The incidence was 6.8% for ages 65–74, 14.5% for ages 75–89, and 10.4% overall.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors were associated with HAD in the 65–74 versus 75–89 age groups?\",\"answer\":\"For ages 65–74, HAD incidence was influenced by comorbidities, prehospital nursing care level, preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction, intubation time, and physical function. For ages 75–89, it was associated with Kihon Checklist score, nursing care level, use of rehabilitation services, preoperative physical function, and intubation time.\"}]","Characteristics of Hospitalization-Associated Disability After Cardiac Surgery by Age Group | PDF",1790756014]