[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-341627-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":80,"doc-detail-341627-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":73,"head_meta":75,"extra_data":77,"updated_unix":79},105,"en","chapter-28-complex-regional-pain-syndrome","Chapter 28 - Complex Regional Pain Syndrome","","Chapter 28 defines Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) as a syndrome marked by severe pain out of proportion to an initiating event, along with swelling, stiffness, discoloration, and decreased function that may affect an entire extremity or a single finger. It summarizes the 1994 IASP nomenclature (CRPS Type I and Type II), outlines IASP diagnostic criteria, and discusses proposed symptom/sign factors. The chapter also reviews proposed peripheral and central mechanisms and key presentation characteristics, including allodynia, hyperalgesia, and hyperpathia.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/","Exam",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/chapter-28-complex-regional-pain-syndrome/341627/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/chapter-28-complex-regional-pain-syndrome/341627.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Emma Wilson","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-22",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":26},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",{"@type":56,"mainEntity":57},"FAQPage",[58,64,68],{"name":59,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":61},"What is Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) according to the chapter?","Question",{"text":62,"@type":63},"CRPS is characterized by severe pain out of proportion to an initiating event, often with swelling, stiffness, discoloration, and decreased function. It may involve an entire extremity or a single finger.","Answer",{"name":65,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":66},"How do CRPS Type I and Type II differ?",{"text":67,"@type":63},"Type I develops after an initiating noxious event without an identifiable nerve lesion, corresponding to Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD). Type II develops after a nerve injury and corresponds to causalgia involving peripheral nerve or its branch.",{"name":69,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":70},"What pain characteristics and related terms are highlighted in the presentation section?",{"text":71,"@type":63},"The chapter lists persistent disproportionate pain described as burning or stabbing, and describes allodynia, hyperalgesia, and hyperpathia. It also includes neuropathic pain-associated terms such as dysesthesia, synchiria, and dysynchiria.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":74,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":76,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":78,"site_id":7},341627,1791081425,{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":82},"success",[83,87,91,94,99,104,109,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":84,"show_sort_weight":85,"slug":86},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":88,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":90},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":92,"slug":93},70,"exam",{"id":95,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":96,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":98},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":100,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":101,"show_sort_weight":102,"slug":103},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":105,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":106,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":131},{"doc_id":78,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":33,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":26,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},3848291630094,"https://eur-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Chapter 28: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome  \nMark Walsh PT, DPT, MS, CHT  \nI. Introduction/Definition: no one accepted definition  \nA. CRPS is a syndrome characterized by severe pain (out of proportion), swelling, stiffness, discoloration and decreased function. It can involve an entire extremity or a single finger.[1]  \nB. As established by the International Association for the Study of Pain in 1994, the current recommended nomenclature is Chronic Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) Type I and Type II. Type I develops after an initiating noxious event, and Type II develops after a nerve injury. Complex regional pain syndrome Type I corresponds to Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD) in that it does not have an identifiable nerve lesion. Type II designates causalgia, which presents similarly but occurs with injury to the peripheral nerve or its branch. Within the CRPS categories pain is regarded as sympathetically independent pain (SIP) occurring in the initial onset of the syndrome. Sympathetically maintained pain (SMP) is defined as \"a symptom ofCRPS and not a clinical entity” occurring after a period of time of the onset of the syndrome[2] . CRPS has strict inclusion criteria that do not encompass the presence or absence of SMP[3] . The international Association for the Study of Pain diagnostic criteria for CRPS are listed in the box below[4] . Also, the pain can be described as sympathetically maintained (SMP) or sympathetically independent (SIP) based on the response to treatment to the sympathetic system. (Figure 1A-C)  \nIASP DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA  \n1. Presence of an inciting noxious event or a cause of immobilization.  \n2. Continuing pain, allodynia, or hyperalgesia with which pain is disproportionate to any inciting event.  \n3. Evidence at some time of edema, changes in skin blood flow or abnormal sudomotor activity in the region of pain.  \n4. This diagnosis is excluded by the existence of condition that would otherwise account for the degree of pain and dysfunction.  \nTest Prep for the CHT Exam, 3rd Edition 1  \nChapter 28: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Mark Walsh PT, DPT, MS, CHT  \n1. Descriptive term – complex disorder or group of disorders resulting from trauma and affecting an area of the body with or without nerve lesions.  \n2. Consists of pain or related abnormalities of one or more of the following[5]  \na. Sensation  \nb. Blood flow  \nc. Thermal regulatory mechanism  \nd. Motor control  \ne. Extremity anatomy  \nf. Physiology  \nC. Common components to all definitions  \n1. Descriptive term  \n2. SNS may or may not be involved  \n3. Pain  \n4. Sensory disturbance  \n5. Multiple system involvement  \n6. Loss of function  \n7. RSD or SMP  \nD. New diagnostic criteria has been proposed utilizing a factor analysis [6-11]  \n1. In addition to pain there are four symptom and sign factors: Sensory, Vasomotor, Sudomotor/Edema and Motor/Trophic  \n2. The patient must report the presence of at least three of the symptom factors and at least two of the sign factors must be evident at the time of evaluation. This would result in a sensitivity of 0.85 and a specificity of 0.69. Symptom and sign factors are highlighted in the box below.  \n\n| SENSORY:\u003Cbr>VASOMOTOR:\u003Cbr>SUDOMOTOR/EDEMA:\u003Cbr>MOTOR/TROPHIC: | SYMPTOM\u003Cbr>Hyperesthesia/Allodynia\u003Cbr>Temperature/Skin Asymmetry Color Changes/Asymmetry\u003Cbr>Edema, Hyperhydrosis\u003Cbr>Sweating Changes/Asymmetry\u003Cbr>􀀄ROM, Motor Dysfunction Trophic Changes | SIGN\u003Cbr>Hyperalgesia (Pin Prick), Allodynia (Light Touch, Movement, Deep Somatic Pressure)\u003Cbr>Temperature Asymmetry, Skin Skin Color Changes\u003Cbr>Edema, Sweating Changes\u003Cbr>􀀄ROM, Motor Dysfunction Trophic Changes |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n\n2 American Society of Hand TherapistsTM  \nChapter 28: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome  \nMark Walsh PT, DPT, MS, CHT  \nII. Proposed Mechanisms: no one accepted or proven mechanism[10]  \nA. Peripheral  \n1. Abnormal AV Shunting – SNS  \n2. Damage Peripheral Nerve  \n3. Local Demyelination – Sprouting 􀀂 􀀃Nociceptor Sensitivity  \n4. Vasomotor T","cbCaiirqnHQDxBkO","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiirqnHQDxBkO","pdf",1003040,25,"English","# Introduction/Definition\n## IASP diagnostic criteria\n# Proposed Mechanisms\n## Peripheral mechanisms\n## Central mechanisms\n# Primary Characteristics/Presentation\n## Pain and associated neuropathic pain terms\n# Factor 1: Sensory","[{\"question\":\"What is Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) according to the chapter?\",\"answer\":\"CRPS is characterized by severe pain out of proportion to an initiating event, often with swelling, stiffness, discoloration, and decreased function. It may involve an entire extremity or a single finger.\"},{\"question\":\"How do CRPS Type I and Type II differ?\",\"answer\":\"Type I develops after an initiating noxious event without an identifiable nerve lesion, corresponding to Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD). Type II develops after a nerve injury and corresponds to causalgia involving peripheral nerve or its branch.\"},{\"question\":\"What pain characteristics and related terms are highlighted in the presentation section?\",\"answer\":\"The chapter lists persistent disproportionate pain described as burning or stabbing, and describes allodynia, hyperalgesia, and hyperpathia. It also includes neuropathic pain-associated terms such as dysesthesia, synchiria, and dysynchiria.\"}]","Chapter 28 - Complex Regional Pain Syndrome | PDF",1790042873,63]