[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-503820-105":59,"doc-detail-503820-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","chapter-1-legal-procedure-forensic-medicine-key-concepts","CHAPTER 1. LEGAL PROCEDURE - Forensic Medicine - Key Concepts","","Chapter 1 covers the legal procedure foundations of forensic medicine and medical jurisprudence, tracing origins and defining core terms. It explains inquest systems in India (police inquest and magistrate inquest) and contrasts them with coroner and medical examiner systems used elsewhere, including ranks, functions, report preparation, and autopsy authorization. It further summarizes relevant criminal law provisions, court structures, magistrate powers, juvenile courts, offences by cognizability, and summons and conduct money rules.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/chapter-1-legal-procedure-forensic-medicine-key-concepts/503820/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/chapter-1-legal-procedure-forensic-medicine-key-concepts/503820.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Anna Hans","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-10-03",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does “forensic” mean and how is it related to forensic medicine?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"“Forensic” is derived from the Latin word “forensis,” meaning “forum.” Forensic medicine applies medical knowledge to the administration of justice, linked with legal aspects of medical practice.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What are the two main types of inquest held in India?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"India holds police inquest and magistrate’s inquest. Police inquest is linked to Section 174 Cr.P.C., and magistrate inquest is linked to Section 176 Cr.P.C.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How are subpoenas different, and what is “conduct money”?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Subpoena Ad Testificandum summons a witness to give evidence, while Subpoena Ducis Tecum summons production of documents in court. Conduct money is the fee offered to meet a witness’s expenses for attending court, and rules differ between civil and criminal cases.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},503820,1791250000,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},5909892332657,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","CHAPTER 1. LEGAL PROCEDURE  \n‘Forensic’ is derived from Latin word ‘forensis’ which means ‘forum’.  \nForensic Medicine was earlier known as Medical Jurisprudence.  \nFM – deals with application of medical knowledge in the administration of justice Medical jurisprudence –(juris-means law +prudence means knowledge)  \n[i.e. legal](i.e. legal) aspects of medical practice.  \nInquest by Coroner system was introduced in India was First in Calcutta & Bombay by CORONER’S ACT 1871 with Police system in rest of India.  \n1st medical college – Calcutta Medical College – 1835  \n1st Professor of Medical Jurisprudence – Dr CTO Woodford – 1845  \n1st postmortem – held in 1663 – by Dr. Buckley – Madras – in a case of suspected Arsenic Poisoning.  \nDr JP Modi was the first Indian Physician to handle medico-legal cases, was called Father of Indian Forensic Medicine.  \nHe also wrote 1st Indian textbook of Medical Jurisprudence & Toxicology.  \nLegal procedure-based on  \n• Indian Constitution  \n• I.P.C ( Indian Penal Code) -1860 – defines various offences and their punishments  \n• Cr. P. C (Criminal Procedure Code)–(1861 amended 1973)-deals with provision & procedure to deal different crimes and regulate criminal prosecution.  \n• I.E.A (Indian Evidence Act)– 1872 – deals with procedure of collection, preservation & presentation of evidence in the court and subsequent punishments.  \nINQUEST:  \nInquiry or investigation into the cause of death, which is apparently not due to natural causes.  \n2 types of inquest are held in India –  \n􀁸 Police inquest.  \n􀁸 Magistrate’s inquest.  \nOther two types of inquest (not held in India)  \nCoroner’s inquest  \nMedical examiner’s system  \nPolice inquest:  \nSection 174 Cr.P.C.  \nMinimum rank – senior head constable.  \nVisit the place of death.  \nMakes investigation and draws up a report of the apparent cause of death Two or more witnesses,  \nPanchanama – inquest report must be signed witnesses & IO.  \nIn case of suspected foul play  \nE.g. presence of injury or evidence of poisoning-dead body is sent for autopsy.  \nIf no foul play is suspected-dead body is handed over to relatives.  \nMagistrate Inquest: Section 176 Cr.PC  \nConducted by executive magistrates e.g. DM, SDM etc.in cases of following cases – 1. Death in prison.  \n2. Death in police custody and while under police interrogation.  \n3. Death due to police firing.  \n4. Dowry deaths (section 304-B IPC) .  \n5. Exhumation.  \n6. Death in psychiatric hospital  \n7. Death in juvenile home  \nCoroner’s inquest  \n• Conducted by coroner  \n• Rank of 1st class judicial magistrate but cannot pass a sentence  \n• Was practiced in India in Bombay – till July 1999, Kolkatta-1978  \n• Holds inquest for unnatural deaths  \n• Empowered to summon witness & record their evidence on oath.  \n• Can order PM exam. & exhumation  \n• If the accused cannot be identified, he may order an OPEN VERDICT against the unknown person means inquest is adjourned indefinitely and could be reopened at any later date if further  \ninformation becomes available .  \nMedical examiner’s system  \n􀁸 Practice in states of USA.  \n􀁸 Conducted by Forensic Pathologist.  \n􀁸 Visit scene of crime, gather first-hand evidence and conduct autopsy.  \n􀁸 Better than other system of inquest.  \n􀁸 Submits report to district attorney.  \nOffences:  \n1. Cognizable offences  \n2. Non-cognizable offences.  \nCognizable offence – offence in which a police officer can arrest a person without warrant from magistrate.  \nExamples-rape, kidnapping, murder, robbery, dowry death etc.  \nCourts in India.  \nTwo types-civil & criminal courts.  \nWarrant case : a case relating to an offence punishable with death, life imprisonment or imprisonment for a term > 2 years.  \nSummon case: not being a warrant case Categories of criminal courts:  \n􀁸 Supreme Court.  \n􀁸 High court  \n􀁸 Session court  \n􀁸 Magistrate court  \nSession Court:  \n1. Session Judge  \nCan award any punishment provided in IPC.  \nBut a sentence of death passed by it must be confirmed by the Hig","cbCait6CLuNvrFNK","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCait6CLuNvrFNK","pdf",26601362,155,"English","# CHAPTER 1. LEGAL PROCEDURE\n## Forensic medicine and medical jurisprudence\n## Inquests in India and elsewhere\n## Criminal courts and procedure\n## Powers of magistrates and juvenile courts\n## Summons, subpoenas, and conduct money","[{\"question\":\"What does “forensic” mean and how is it related to forensic medicine?\",\"answer\":\"“Forensic” is derived from the Latin word “forensis,” meaning “forum.” Forensic medicine applies medical knowledge to the administration of justice, linked with legal aspects of medical practice.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the two main types of inquest held in India?\",\"answer\":\"India holds police inquest and magistrate’s inquest. Police inquest is linked to Section 174 Cr.P.C., and magistrate inquest is linked to Section 176 Cr.P.C.\"},{\"question\":\"How are subpoenas different, and what is “conduct money”?\",\"answer\":\"Subpoena Ad Testificandum summons a witness to give evidence, while Subpoena Ducis Tecum summons production of documents in court. Conduct money is the fee offered to meet a witness’s expenses for attending court, and rules differ between civil and criminal cases.\"}]","CHAPTER 1. LEGAL PROCEDURE - Forensic Medicine - Key Concepts | PDF",1791060735,391]