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Data were drawn from Korean adults aged 19+ in the 2018-2020 Korea Community Health Survey (n=686,708) and the Consumer Behavior Survey for Foods (n=19,109), comparing 2018-2019 with 2020. Dietary behaviors and outcomes were self-reported through questionnaires.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/changes-in-dietary-habits-and-chronic-diseases-before-and-after-covid-19-by-regions-using-data-from-the-2018-2020-korea-community-health-survey-and-consumer-behavior-survey-for-foods-a-cross-sectional-study/456636/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/changes-in-dietary-habits-and-chronic-diseases-before-and-after-covid-19-by-regions-using-data-from-the-2018-2020-korea-community-health-survey-and-consumer-behavior-survey-for-foods-a-cross-sectional-study/456636.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"dabgoudw","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the study’s main objective regarding COVID-19?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To examine changes in dietary habits, chronic disease prevalence, and mental health problems across Korean regions before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, providing evidence related to regional health inequalities.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were participants categorized for before/after comparisons?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Participants were adults aged 19 or older and classified by residence area (Seoul metropolitan area, metropolitan cities, provinces). The study defined 2018-2019 as before COVID-19 and 2020 as after COVID-19.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What types of measures were used in the study?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Dietary behaviors, chronic diseases, and mental health problems were measured using self-report questionnaires.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},456636,1790815365,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},3985747860484,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Korean J Community Nutr 28(2): 124~140, 2023 [https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2023.28.2.124](https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2023.28.2.124)[ ](https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2023.28.2.124)[ISSN 2951-3146](ISSN 2951-3146) (on-line)  \nChanges in dietary habits and chronic diseases before and after COVID-19 by regions using data from the 2018-2020 Korea Community Health Survey and Consumer Behavior Survey for Foods: a cross-sectional study  \nSurim Park1), Eun-hee Jang2), Seungmin Lee3)†  \n1)Master student, Department of Food and Nutrition, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul, Korea  \n2)Doctoral student, Department of Food and Nutrition, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul, Korea  \n3)Professor, Department of Food and Nutrition, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul, Korea  \n†Corresponding author  \nSeungmin Lee  \nDepartment of Food and Nutrition, Sungshin Women's University, 55, Dobong-ro 76 ga-gil, Gangbuk-gu, Seoul 01133, Korea  \nTel: +82-2-920-7671  \nFax: +82-2-920-2076  \nE-mail: [smlee@sungshin.ac.kr](smlee@sungshin.ac.kr)  \n[Received: November 28](Received: November 28), 2022  \nRevised: April 14, 2023  \nAccepted: April 17, 2023  \nABSTRACT  \nObjectives: This study examined the changes in dietary habits, the prevalence of chronic diseases, and mental health problems in the regional areas of the Republic of Korea before and after the COVID-19 pandemic to provide evidence of the status of regional health inequalities.  \nMethods: This study analyzed Korean adults aged 19 or older who participated in the Korea Community Health Survey (n = 686,708) and Consumer Behavior Survey for Foods (n = 19,109) from 2018 to 2020. The participants were classified according to their residence area (Seoul metropolitan area, Metropolitan cities, Provinces); 2018-2019 were defined as before COVID-19, and 2020 as after COVID-19. The dietary behaviors, chronic diseases, and mental health problems were measured using a self-report questionnaire.  \nResults: After COVID-19, the eating-out usage rate in the Seoul metropolitan area and Provinces decreased compared to before COVID-19 (P \u003C 0.001), and when responding that they eat out, the frequency of eating out with household members in the Seoul metropolitan area increased (P = 0.024). The deliveries/takeout usage rate in the Provinces decreased after COVID-19 compared to before (P \u003C 0.001). After COVID-19, the prevalence of obesity decreased in all regions (P \u003C 0.001), and the prevalence of hypertension increased significantly in the Provinces (P = 0.015). The prevalence of diabetes mellitus increased continuously before and after COVID-19 in all regions (P \u003C 0.002). High-risk subjective stress levels increased significantly in the Seoul metropolitan area (P \u003C 0.001), and sleep duration significantly increased in all regions (P \u003C 0.001). Major depressive disorder was reduced significantly in Metropolitan cities (P = 0.042) and Provinces (P \u003C 0.001).  \nConclusions: After the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence of chronic diseases and mental health problems showed regional differences along with changes in dietary habits. It is necessary to reflect the regional differences in dietary habits in future policies resolving regional health inequalities.  \nKEY WORDS COVID-19, region, dietary habits, chronic diseases, mental health  \nⓒ 2023 Korean Society of Community Nutrition  \nThis is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ([http://](http://)[ ](http://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0](creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0)) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \n[https://kjcn.or.kr/](https://kjcn.or.kr/ 124)[ 124](https://kjcn.or.kr/ 124)  \n\n| Introduction |\n| --- |\n| Since its initial outbreak in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has progressed at an unprecedented pace, spreading to 234 countries and te","cbCaifp854eYkVUh","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifp854eYkVUh","pdf",875926,17,"English","# Introduction\n## COVID-19 spread and regional context\n## Lifestyle and dietary behavior changes after COVID-19\n## Studies on changes in food consumption and eating habits","[{\"question\":\"What was the study’s main objective regarding COVID-19?\",\"answer\":\"To examine changes in dietary habits, chronic disease prevalence, and mental health problems across Korean regions before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, providing evidence related to regional health inequalities.\"},{\"question\":\"How were participants categorized for before/after comparisons?\",\"answer\":\"Participants were adults aged 19 or older and classified by residence area (Seoul metropolitan area, metropolitan cities, provinces). The study defined 2018-2019 as before COVID-19 and 2020 as after COVID-19.\"},{\"question\":\"What types of measures were used in the study?\",\"answer\":\"Dietary behaviors, chronic diseases, and mental health problems were measured using self-report questionnaires.\"}]","Changes in dietary habits and chronic diseases before and after COVID-19 by regions using data from the 2018-2020 Korea Community Health Survey and Consumer Behavior Survey for Foods - a cross-sectional study | PDF",1790746574,43]