[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-88773-en":3,"doc-seo-88773-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":94},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},88773,1099514067415,"Rowan","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002539d78ffe74a7?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779092875211072502",7,"Healthcare","Cattle Care - Intermediate - Practical guidance for raising cows","Intermediate-level agriculture guide focused on raising two to three cows for milk, meat, and possible income. Covers choosing cattle breeds for local climates, selecting suitable pasture and feed, providing clean water and salt, managing enclosure rotation for pasture regrowth, and preventing excessive inbreeding through bull exchange. Explains breeding basics including heat cycle timing, mating conditions, calving behavior, and straightforward first-aid steps when labor exceeds four hours or when the calf’s position is abnormal.","Cattle Care  \nlevel: intermediate  \nEnglish Agriculture  \nCattle Care  \nIt uses material from  \nThe Amazon Center of Peruvian Autonomous Languages\"Hugo Pesce\", Yarinacocha, Pucallpa, Peru June 1980  \nwith kind permission  \nEnglish Oxfordshire, England  \nCopyright © 2019, MissionAssist  \n[http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)  \nYou are free to make commercial use of this work. You may adapt and add to this work. You must keep the copyright and credits for authors, illustrators, etc.  \nIt uses material from The Amazon Center of Peruvian Autonomous Languages \"Hugo Pesce\", Yarinacocha, Pucallpa, Peru  \nJune 1980 with kind permission  \nThis edition published in the United Kingdom in 2019 by MissionAssist  \nPermission is granted for non-profit reproduction and other use of the MissionAssist materials.  \nThank you for using MissionAssist Shell Books  \nWhere an asterisk (*) appears in the text, the word after it is likely to have local variations and you should change it to suit your own particular setting.  \nInstead of using personal names, we have used *M1, *M2 or *F1, *F2 etc to show male or female characters. Please change these forms to local male or female names.  \nYou can also substitute local names for plants, medicines, vaccines, food, tools, animals or any other item.  \nIf you can, ask a local medical or nutritional expert to verify the advice given in a booklet, if appropriate.  \nYou can change the text as you desire and you can also change any of the illustrations if you need to.  \nWhen you print the book it will be A5 size, each page on a separate sheet. If you want to make it into an A5-sized booklet, Word can do this automatically for you. You should:  \n• Go to “File”  \n• Select “Print”  \n• click on “Page Setup”  \n• From the “multiple pages” drop-down box, select“Book fold”.  \n• Click “ok”. The book should now print as a booklet for you. If you do not have a printer which will print automatically on both sides of the paper, you will need to turn the paper over manually when prompted.  \nWe hope you enjoy using this Shell Book . Please delete these notes before printing  \nCattle Care  \nKeeping two or three cows is not a lot of work, and is a good way to provide milk and meat, and maybe some income, foryour family.  \nChoose a breed of cattle that is suited to your climate. *Cebu and the *Santa Gertrudis cattle are good for hot climates.  \nCows produce more milk when they are well fed, so it is important to sow pasture that is suited to your climate. Examples of pasture that are suited to hot climates are  \n*Brachiaria, *Bermuda grass and *elephant grass. Besides the pasture, the best food for cows is maize or ground rice. It is also necessary to give them clean water and salt.  \nYou must have one and three quarters to two acres of pasture (three-quarters of a hectare) for each adult cow.  \nDivide your pasture into four enclosures and let the cattle spend about two weeks in each enclosure. Then move them to the next enclosure. In this way, the pasture has time to grow again.  \nTo improve the quality of your herd, you need to have two thoroughbred bulls, but if you and one of your neighbours each have one bull, then you can exchange them from time to time. This will prevent too much inbreeding.  \nWhen a cow is 20 months old, she is able to reproduce. The cow comes on heat every 19 to 21 days. When a cow is on heat, she stands firm when mounted. The cow remains on heat for 8 to 12 hours. During this time, she should be mated with a bull of good breeding.  \nWhen a cow is ready to give birth, she usually moves away from the herd. Calves are usually born without difficulty.  \nThis is the position of the calf in a normal birth.  \nIf the cow has labour pains for more than four hours, there is probably some problem. If one or two legs of the calf appear, but there is then no more progress, it is necessary to help the cow.  \nFirst of all, tie her up.  \nIf the front legs of the calf","cbCaiq3csM8p0A1Q","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiq3csM8p0A1Q","pdf",676629,1,25,"English","en",105,"# Cattle Care\n## Herd setup and feeding\n## Breeding and heat cycle\n## Calving and intervention","[{\"question\":\"How should a farmer choose cattle and pasture for local hot climates?\",\"answer\":\"Choose breeds suited to the climate, such as Cebu and Santa Gertrudis for hot areas. Use pasture types adapted to the climate (e.g., Brachiaria, Bermuda grass, elephant grass) and feed maize or ground rice, plus clean water and salt.\"},{\"question\":\"How do enclosure rotations help keep pasture productive?\",\"answer\":\"Divide pasture into four enclosures and let cattle stay about two weeks in each. Move them to the next enclosure so the pasture has time to grow again before returning.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the key points of the cow’s heat and mating schedule?\",\"answer\":\"A cow comes on heat every 19 to 21 days and remains on heat for 8 to 12 hours. During this time she should be mated with a bull of good breeding.\"},{\"question\":\"What should be done if calving labor lasts more than four hours?\",\"answer\":\"If labor pains last more than four hours, treat it as a possible problem. If one or two legs appear but progress stops, help the cow: tie her up, then check the calf’s position and gently pull the calf out when the head is corrected to rest between the front legs.\"}]",1784277411,63,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":33,"description":14,"schema_data":34,"social_meta":89,"head_meta":91,"extra_data":93,"updated_unix":27},"cattle-care-intermediate-practical-guidance-for-raising-cows","",{"@graph":35,"@context":88},[36,53,67],{"@type":37,"itemListElement":38},"BreadcrumbList",[39,43,47,50],{"item":40,"name":41,"@type":42,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":44,"name":45,"@type":42,"position":46},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":42,"position":49},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":42,"position":52},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/cattle-care-intermediate-practical-guidance-for-raising-cows/88773/",4,{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":40,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-17",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70,76,80,84],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"How should a farmer choose cattle and pasture for local hot climates?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"Choose breeds suited to the climate, such as Cebu and Santa Gertrudis for hot areas. Use pasture types adapted to the climate (e.g., Brachiaria, Bermuda grass, elephant grass) and feed maize or ground rice, plus clean water and salt.","Answer",{"name":77,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":78},"How do enclosure rotations help keep pasture productive?",{"text":79,"@type":75},"Divide pasture into four enclosures and let cattle stay about two weeks in each. Move them to the next enclosure so the pasture has time to grow again before returning.",{"name":81,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":82},"What are the key points of the cow’s heat and mating schedule?",{"text":83,"@type":75},"A cow comes on heat every 19 to 21 days and remains on heat for 8 to 12 hours. During this time she should be mated with a bull of good breeding.",{"name":85,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":86},"What should be done if calving labor lasts more than four hours?",{"text":87,"@type":75},"If labor pains last more than four hours, treat it as a possible problem. 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