[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-121195-en":3,"doc-seo-121195-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},121195,7971461740886,"Theodore","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2",6,"Technology","Cattle Behavior Recognition System - Using Machine Learning and Internet of Things - Approach","Cattle behavior recognition system provides an innovative, non-intrusive way to assess cattle well-being by analyzing behavior data captured from accelerometer signals. Affordable monitoring becomes practical when accelerometers are paired with machine learning, yet similar acceleration patterns can correspond to different actions. The proposed method combines leg-mounted and collar-mounted accelerometers to recognize six cow behaviors: Walking, Standing-Resting, Grazing, Lying-Resting, Lying-Ruminating, and Standing-Ruminating. Multiple machine learning algorithms are evaluated to determine the best accuracy. The approach supports more effective herd monitoring and welfare decision-making.","Cattle behavior recognition system using machine learning  \nand Internet of Things  \nR. Newlin Shebiah*, S. Arivazhagan, K. Ubikaa Sree, S. Tharunya  \n(Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College (Autonomous), Sivakasi, 626005,  \nTamilNadu)  \nAbstract: Cattle behavior recognition system is an innovative way to assess the well-being of cattle by analyzing their behavior data. Non-intrusive monitoring systems using accelerometers have become popular due to their affordability and ease of use, especially when coupled with machine learning algorithms. However, accurately identifying different behaviors can be challenging, as similar acceleration data may be associated with different actions. To address this issue, we present an efficient approach that combines leg-mounted and collar-mounted accelerometers to recognize six distinct cow behaviors: Walking, Standing-Resting, Grazing, Lying-Resting, Lying-Ruminating, and Standing-Ruminating. To determine the best accuracy, different machine learning algorithms were employed and their performance is analyzed.  \nWith its non-intrusive design and high-performance capabilities, this technology has the potential to revolutionize the livestock industry by allowing farmers to monitor their herds more effectively and make informed decisions to improve their welfare.  \nKeywords: Cattle;monitoring; acceleration; sensor; classification; behavior; leg-mounted; collar-mounted  \nCitation: Shebiah, R. Newlin, S. Arivazhagan, K. Ubikaa Sree, and S. Tharunya. 2024. Cattle behavior recognition system using machine learning and Internet of Things. Agricultural Engineering International: CIGR Journal, 26(4): 251- 260.  \n1 Introduction  \nLameness is a prevalent issue on modern dairy farms, which has a negative impact on animal welfare and farm economics through various direct and indirect ways. This condition increases the likelihood of involuntary culling, reduces fertility and productivity, and results in direct expenses for the farmer. Furthermore, economic models suggest that up to 32% of the costs associated with lameness arise from subclinical cases that often go unnoticed and untreated. Scoring movement and administering treatment for lameness can be time-consuming,  \nReceived date: 2023-09-13 Accepted date: 2024-10-05 *Corresponding author: R. Newlin Shebiah. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College (Autonomous), Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu. [Email: newlinshebiah@mepcoeng.ac.in](Email: newlinshebiah@mepcoeng.ac.in).  \nmaking it difficult to manage alongside other tasks. In general, lame cattle tend to spend more time lying down and less time feeding than healthy ones. As a result, changes in behavior can be a useful tool for early detection of lameness on farms. Early treatment of mild to moderate lameness can reduce the number of severely lame cattle in the herd, leading to a reduction in associated expenses. Some of the common infections associated with lameness in cattle include foot rot, hairy heel warts, laminitis, joint infections, and toe ulcers.  \nCattle-attached sensors or accelerometers can track ruminating and feeding when attached to the neck while measuring laying behavior and activity when attached to the leg. When a cow is lame, they frequently lie down for longer periods and do so less frequently during the day. Additional activity  \nindications of lameness that can be monitored with accelerometers include shorter eating intervals, shorter eating sessions, altered day-to-night activity ratios, and slower reaction times when being fed. Healthy dairy cattle had a lower feed intake, fewer feeding sessions, and spent less time lying down. Moreover, lame dairy animals with higher locomotor scores had fewer, larger meals and consumed their feed over a shorter time overall. Changes in feed intake and feeding time, as well as feeder visits, have been proposed as indicators to identify health problems ","cbCaitbdCw881W3n","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitbdCw881W3n","pdf",487358,1,10,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n## Lameness and behavioral indicators\n## Accelerometer-based monitoring\n## Automated health monitoring motivation\n# Related Works\n## Accelerometer-based cow behavior recognition","[{\"question\":\"Why is cattle behavior recognition useful on dairy farms?\",\"answer\":\"It helps with early detection of lameness by using behavior changes as indicators. Earlier treatment can reduce severe cases and associated costs.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the system collect data for recognizing behaviors?\",\"answer\":\"It uses a combination of leg-mounted and collar-mounted accelerometers to capture different posture and activity signals.\"},{\"question\":\"Which cow behaviors are targeted by the proposed recognition approach?\",\"answer\":\"The system recognizes six behaviors: Walking, Standing-Resting, Grazing, Lying-Resting, Lying-Ruminating, and Standing-Ruminating.\"}]","Cattle Behavior Recognition System - Using Machine Learning and Internet of Things - Approach | PDF",1785734302,25,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"cattle-behavior-recognition-system-using-machine-learning-and-internet-of-things-approach","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,54,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/technology/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/cattle-behavior-recognition-system-using-machine-learning-and-internet-of-things-approach/121195/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":41,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-03",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"Why is cattle behavior recognition useful on dairy farms?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"It helps with early detection of lameness by using behavior changes as indicators. Earlier treatment can reduce severe cases and associated costs.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"How does the system collect data for recognizing behaviors?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"It uses a combination of leg-mounted and collar-mounted accelerometers to capture different posture and activity signals.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"Which cow behaviors are targeted by the proposed recognition approach?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"The system recognizes six behaviors: Walking, Standing-Resting, Grazing, Lying-Resting, Lying-Ruminating, and Standing-Ruminating.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":59,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,110,113,118,123,128,131,134],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":53,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":111,"slug":112},50,"technology",{"id":114,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":115,"show_sort_weight":116,"slug":117},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":119,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":132,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":133},"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":135,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":136,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":137},19,"General","general"]