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Studies of entry-level library media specialist preparation examine how often original cataloging is performed in academic libraries, focusing on declining required cataloging coursework in ALA-accredited programs, shifts in the supply and redeployment of catalogers, and growing outsourcing practices. Analyses address risks of flawed shared electronic records and consider readiness gaps among new professionals.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/cataloging-of-original-materials-in-the-21st-century-frequency-and-preparation-factors/602365/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/cataloging-of-original-materials-in-the-21st-century-frequency-and-preparation-factors/602365.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"dawugda","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What factors drive changes in how frequently original cataloging is performed?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The text highlights declining required cataloging courses in ALA-accredited schools, changes in the supply and reallocation of catalogers within academic libraries, and increased use of cataloging outsourcing.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How did the field’s approach to cataloging change as the last century ended?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Instead of local original cataloging, smaller libraries increasingly purchased electronic records or shared cataloging produced by expert catalogers, limiting local work largely to copy cataloging and vendor/data utility cleaning.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What risks are discussed regarding electronic record sharing over the Internet?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"High levels of cataloging by librarians lacking preparation can lead to flawed electronic records being shared and viewed broadly, creating quality concerns across catalog systems.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},602365,1792897874,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":34,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},3985747870947,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","Cataloging of Original Materials in the 21st Century: Frequency and Preparation Factors  \nDr. Daniel Fuller, San Jose State University  \nAbstract  \nCataloging and catalogers play an important role in the access to electronic catalogs for users at all levels. Two recent studies investigating the preparation of entry level library media specialists and the frequency they perform original cataloging led to a larger examination of the topic in the context of academic libraries. One factor has been the steady decline in required cataloging courses in ALAaccredited library schools for the past two decades. A second factor is the relative supply of catalogers and how they have been reallocated within the academic library. A third factor is the increasing practice of cataloging outsourcing. Implications of high levels of cataloging by librarians lacking preparation are analyzed. The potential for flawed electronic records being shared and viewed over the Internet has implications for all levels.  \nAs the last century ended, the issue of cataloging materials in libraries seemed to be generally settled. Rather than do original cataloging, smaller libraries would purchase electronic records or share cataloging done by expert catalogers in larger libraries to populate their electronic catalogs. If any original cataloging or editing of an electronic record at the local level were to be done, it would be at the copy cataloging level. If a set of data needed to be cleaned up, vendors or data utilities would provide the services to prepare a clean database in electronic format. The approach appeared to be a good match for the abilities and needs of libraries to share electronic data across systems and states.  \nWith those procedures in place, fewer schools of library science made cataloging a required course, with the understanding that the basic theory would be included in foundational information retrieval courses. Spillane (1999) reported a decline in required cataloging courses in ALA accredited library schools from being required in 70.2% of the schools in 1986 to 55.4% in 1999. Saye (2002) verified the trend and the continued drop in his study to 41% . In a review of course offerings in 2006, Fuller identified the percentage of ALA schools requiring a basic cataloging course at 20% . Long-suffering students chose to take other electives rather than cataloging in their preparation program. Union catalogs reduced or laid off cataloging staff responsible for data clean up. As long as librarians could use a standard number to find the appropriate expertly catalogued record, the electronic world would change the approach to preparing new librarians.  \nEducation Libraries Volume 29, No.2 Winter 2006 5  \nFigure 1  \nDecline in Required Cataloging Courses 1973-2006  \n\n| Year | N | Useable N | Number of Programs Requiring Course(s) | Percent of Programs | Data Source |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1973 | 58 | 47 | 33 | 70.2% | Thomas (1976) |\n| 1986 | 63 | 55 | 43 | 70.2% | Cataloging News (1987) |\n| 1998 | NA | 56 | 31 | 55.4% | Spillane (1999) |\n| 2002 | 56 | 56 | 23 | 41. 1% | Saye (2002) |\n| 2006 | 56 | 50 | 10 | 20 % | Fuller (2006) |\n\nOn the other side of the millennium, practice may not be following the form assumed a few years earlier. Research indicated Kaplan’s (2006) assertion that the conventional wisdom about practitioners not needing to catalog was wrong. Fuller (2006) reported high levels of cataloging activities among library media specialists. In an assessment of LIS program completers and their preparation for practice, Shannon (2006) identified cataloging as one area where students and their supervisors felt that new library media specialists were least well prepared upon completion of their programs. Anecdotally, union catalog staff reported increasing numbers of flawed incoming records that had to be cleaned up. The problem was reported for all levels of union catalogs, from district through statewide.  \nA number o","cbCaiqAYHbvYUTsN","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqAYHbvYUTsN","pdf",150990,"English","# Abstract\n# Background and Shifts in Original Cataloging\n## Decline in Required Cataloging Courses\n## Transition to Shared or Vendor Records\n# Current Practices and Emerging Concerns\n## Evidence Against “Conventional Wisdom”\n## Preparation Gaps and Flawed Incoming Records\n# Related Research Themes\n## Quality, Outsourcing, and Staffing Changes\n## Expanded Roles for Catalogers\n# Research Focus: Why People Still Catalog","[{\"question\":\"What factors drive changes in how frequently original cataloging is performed?\",\"answer\":\"The text highlights declining required cataloging courses in ALA-accredited schools, changes in the supply and reallocation of catalogers within academic libraries, and increased use of cataloging outsourcing.\"},{\"question\":\"How did the field’s approach to cataloging change as the last century ended?\",\"answer\":\"Instead of local original cataloging, smaller libraries increasingly purchased electronic records or shared cataloging produced by expert catalogers, limiting local work largely to copy cataloging and vendor/data utility cleaning.\"},{\"question\":\"What risks are discussed regarding electronic record sharing over the Internet?\",\"answer\":\"High levels of cataloging by librarians lacking preparation can lead to flawed electronic records being shared and viewed broadly, creating quality concerns across catalog systems.\"}]","Cataloging of Original Materials in the 21st Century - Frequency and Preparation Factors | PDF",1792094548,18]