[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-108117-en":3,"doc-seo-108117-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},108117,1099513958607,"Jiven","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002390cf8733938c?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1778829742770036399",8,"Research & Report","Case Study on Operations and Maintenance of Selected Municipal Assets in West Bank and Gaza","The case study examines the key operational and maintenance challenges affecting municipal assets in the West Bank and Gaza, within a context of prolonged conflict and constrained economic growth. It analyzes how weakening municipal infrastructure performance impacts frontline service delivery across local government units responsible for essential services. The study also highlights how inadequate operations and maintenance practices, limited revenues, and disparities among municipalities hinder asset condition, service quality, and sustainable investment, and sets out a basis for strategic actions targeting selected asset services.","Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized  \nCASE STUDY ON OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE OF SELECTED MUNICIPAL ASSETS IN WEST BANK AND GAZA  \nI. INTRODUCTION  \nA. Country Context: Economic growth in West Bank and Gaza is constrained by the continuing conflict  \n1. The Palestinian Territories continue to face challenging political and socio-economic conditions. Growth is stagnant. Recurring hostilities, deteriorating relations with Israel, and decreased foreign aid1 have affected the ability of the economy to create jobs and support the needs of a growing population of 5.1 million. Only a fraction, (about 7%) of the national budget is spent on economic development. The rest is allocated to cover the civil service wage bill and current spending.  \n2. In 2019, the overall unemployment rate stood at 25% . It varied regionally though; the unemployment rate in Gaza was 45%, compared to 15% in West Bank. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth, which averaged 1.3% from 2017 to 20192, is expected to contract further with the impact of COVID-19 . Hostilities in May 20213 also resulted in infrastructure damage worth USD380 Million and economic losses estimated at USD190 Million.  \n3. Given these challenges, the Palestinian Authority has relied heavily on international donors to finance the national budget. This is not sustainable given the recent decline in international aid.  \nB . Local Government Context: Performance in service delivery affected by deteriorating municipal assets  \n4. Delivery of frontline services to communities is primarily a function of local government units (LGUs) . Their mandate emanates from the Local Government Act of 1997, requiring LGUs to perform 27 responsibilities4 ranging from town planning, water and energy delivery, waste collection and treatment, to public health and municipal asset management. These are emphasized in the recent Palestinian National Policy Agenda (NPA) 2017-2022 of “Putting Citizens First”.  \n5. LGUs operate and maintain municipal infrastructure assets that include income generating enterprises, such as public markets and slaughterhouses, and non-income generating assets like roads and parks. As of 2017, there are 417 LGUs in West Bank and Gaza (WBG), consisting of 142 municipalities and 275 village councils, all administered by the Ministry of Local Government (MOLG) .  \n6. Their role in providing services to citizens has been become more challenging in recent years due to rapid urbanization, increasing population, poverty, climate change and sustained political  \n1 Palestinian Territories Economic Update, April 2021. The World Bank Group.  \n2 Ibid.  \n3 Gaza Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment, June 2021. The World bank Group.  \n4 Aude Signoles: Focales 02 ‘ Local Government in Palestine’, October 2010. Agence Francaise de Developpement  \nconflict. This, along with technical and financial disparities across LGUs, means the condition of municipal assets has generally deteriorated. The level and quality of services received by citizens is significantly impacted by this.  \n7. The World Bank study on local government performance notes that while access rates have improved, the quality of services requires significant improvement, particularly in the case of water supply, roads and solid waste management5. Existing literature6 shows that coverage of public services varies regionally across LGUs, depending on their individual capacities. Eroding revenues further limit the ability of these LGUs to invest in, upgrade, or even maintain services at satisfactory levels.  \nC. Enhanced Asset Operations and Maintenance: A cost-effective option to address the infrastructure gap and improve service delivery  \n8. Providing new infrastructure assets to improve the quality of services to citizens is a global challenge more pronounced in developing countries where limited financial resources limit capital mobilization for new investments. In its 2014 study, the World Economic Forum estimates global","cbCaiskYxhSsDNJR","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiskYxhSsDNJR","pdf",927162,4,1,47,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n## Country Context\n## Local Government Context\n## Enhanced Asset Operations and Maintenance\n## Objective","[{\"question\":\"What constraints shape municipal operations and maintenance in West Bank and Gaza?\",\"answer\":\"Economic growth is limited by ongoing conflict, stagnant jobs creation, and reduced foreign aid. These pressures reduce municipal capacity to maintain and improve infrastructure assets.\"},{\"question\":\"Which local government units are responsible for service delivery in this study?\",\"answer\":\"Local government units (LGUs), including municipalities and village councils, perform responsibilities under the Local Government Act of 1997. They manage a range of services and municipal asset management functions.\"},{\"question\":\"Why are operations and maintenance practices critical for closing infrastructure gaps?\",\"answer\":\"Maximizing the use of existing assets can reduce the funding gap for new investments. Improved O\\u0026M helps extend asset lifespan and reduces losses such as leakages, lowering pressure on natural and financial resources.\"}]",1784468820,118,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"case-study-on-operations-and-maintenance-of-selected-municipal-assets-in-west-bank-and-gaza","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,53,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/case-study-on-operations-and-maintenance-of-selected-municipal-assets-in-west-bank-and-gaza/108117/",{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":41,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-30","2026-07-19",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"What constraints shape municipal operations and maintenance in West Bank and Gaza?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"Economic growth is limited by ongoing conflict, stagnant jobs creation, and reduced foreign aid. These pressures reduce municipal capacity to maintain and improve infrastructure assets.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"Which local government units are responsible for service delivery in this study?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"Local government units (LGUs), including municipalities and village councils, perform responsibilities under the Local Government Act of 1997. They manage a range of services and municipal asset management functions.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"Why are operations and maintenance practices critical for closing infrastructure gaps?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"Maximizing the use of existing assets can reduce the funding gap for new investments. Improved O&M helps extend asset lifespan and reduces losses such as leakages, lowering pressure on natural and financial resources.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":58,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,110,115,120,123,128,131,135],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]