[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-648801-105":59,"doc-detail-648801-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","case-studies-in-steel-design-build-case-studies","Case Studies in Steel Design Build - Case Studies","","This paper examines an innovative project delivery system for structural steel buildings through case studies of actual projects. For each project, the structural engineer provided full building structural design services within a conventional contractor-led design-build team, and under a separate contract also provided steel shop drawings, fabrication, and erection. The discussion evaluates pros and cons based on outcomes and lessons from the described experiences, focusing on coordination and information flow across design, detailing, fabrication, and construction.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/case-studies-in-steel-design-build-case-studies/648801/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/case-studies-in-steel-design-build-case-studies/648801.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"8796093062539","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-26","2026-10-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What delivery system does the paper investigate for structural steel buildings?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It investigates a contractor-led design-build approach where the structural engineer also supplies steel shop drawings, fabrication, and erection under a separate contract.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does increased structural scope affect schedule and RFI handling?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"When the structural engineer performs steel detailing, schedule savings can be achieved by interleaving detailing and design, and the RFI process becomes more manageable because it is moved in-house.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What lessons are highlighted about estimating steel tonnage and cost?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Supplying structural steel enables better estimates of total steel tonnage and cost shortly after concepts are established, improving the likelihood that final values match initial estimates.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},648801,1792991257,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":66,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":138,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},8796093062539,"Case Studies in Steel Design Build  \nStructural Engineer Led  \nM. Douglas Rutledge 1 and Gregory P. Luth2  \n1 KL&A, Inc., Structural Engineers & Builders, 4412 W. Eisenhower Blvd., Loveland, Colorado 80537; PH (970) 667 2426; FAX (970) 377-3340; email: [drutledge@klaalov.com](drutledge@klaalov.com)  \n2 Gregory P. Luth & Associates (formerly KL&A of California), Structural Engineers and Builders, 3350 Scott Blvd \\#21, Santa Clara, California 94054; PH (408) 654-  \n0475; FAX (408) 654-0476; email: [greg@gplainc.com](greg@gplainc.com)  \nAbstract  \nThis paper examines an innovative project delivery system for structural steel buildings in the context of several case studies of actual projects. On each of the projects, the structural engineer provided complete structural design services for the entire building on a conventional contractor-led design-build team. In addition to those services, the structural engineer - under a separate contract to the general contractor-provided steel shop drawings, fabrication, and erection of the structural steel. The pros and cons of this delivery system are discussed in the context of the experiences related in the case studies.  \nIntroduction  \nTraditional relationships between fabricators and engineers have been evolving over the past 20 years in response to events such as the collapse of the Hyatt Regency in Kansas City in 1981 (Luth, 2000), the technology explosion, and the search for more efficient methods of delivery. Many sectors of the construction industry as a whole have been moving beyond traditional hard bid, negotiated, and CM methods of delivery toward full design/build services. The confluence of these trends has created the opportunity for structural engineers to expand beyond their traditional role as subconsultant to the architect to embrace a broader scope of services, including:  \n1 Traditional full service design;  \n2 Full service design with detailing; and  \n3 Full service design, detailing, fabrication, and erection of structural steel  \nThe authors have executed projects under each of these scenarios and found there tobe substantial benefits on projects with expanded scope including:  \n1 On projects where the structural engineer provides the steel detailing, substantial savings in schedule can be realized by interleaving the detailing and design. Ordinarily this would create problems because of the enormous potential for RFI’s and the subsequent issue of detailing change orders. While the problems do not entirely disappear  \nthey become more manageable because the RFI process is, in essence, moved in-house.  \n2 Both the general contractors and the architects realize substantial benefits from not having to process the RFI’s  \n3 The structural engineers become much more aware of what information is actually required by the detailers and what format is most effective for communicating that information.  \n4 Detailers become much more aware of the design process, what types of information can be generated quickly and what information requires more time. By maintaining close coordination with the structural engineers, the detailers have a better chance of focusing their efforts on things that will not change.  \n5 When the structural engineer supplies the structural steel, it is possible to provide much better estimates of the total steel tonnage and cost shortly after the concepts have been established and much more likely for the final tonnage and cost to be close to the initial estimate. (Added steel comes out of the design engineer’s bonus.)  \n6 Teaming with a fabricator and erector makes it possible to design the optimum structure considering fabrication and erection constraints.  \nWhat follows is an overview of one firm’s evolution from structural consultant to design/builder and a summary of the lessons learned.  \nBackground  \nThe authors have each been in the building industry for over 25 years, one as a fabricator for most of that time and the other as a structural engin","cbCaii1jCbPpf5bs","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaii1jCbPpf5bs","pdf",2341856,11,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Evolving delivery relationships\n## Scenarios for structural engineer scope\n# Background\n## Evolution of the authors’ model\n## Early projects and responsibilities","[{\"question\":\"What delivery system does the paper investigate for structural steel buildings?\",\"answer\":\"It investigates a contractor-led design-build approach where the structural engineer also supplies steel shop drawings, fabrication, and erection under a separate contract.\"},{\"question\":\"How does increased structural scope affect schedule and RFI handling?\",\"answer\":\"When the structural engineer performs steel detailing, schedule savings can be achieved by interleaving detailing and design, and the RFI process becomes more manageable because it is moved in-house.\"},{\"question\":\"What lessons are highlighted about estimating steel tonnage and cost?\",\"answer\":\"Supplying structural steel enables better estimates of total steel tonnage and cost shortly after concepts are established, improving the likelihood that final values match initial estimates.\"}]","Case Studies in Steel Design Build - Case Studies | PDF",1792795359,28]