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Candida albicans was identified using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). Because neonatal candidal osteomyelitis often presents insidiously, prompt diagnosis and appropriate therapy are essential. Incision and drainage of the affected joint are also required to achieve a favorable prognosis, supporting timely combined medical and procedural management.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/case-report-a-case-of-neonatal-candida-osteomyelitis-with-septic-arthritis-and-literature-review/442437/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/case-report-a-case-of-neonatal-candida-osteomyelitis-with-septic-arthritis-and-literature-review/442437.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Fans","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What pathogen was identified in the case?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Candida albicans was detected using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS).","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why is early diagnosis important in neonatal candidal osteomyelitis?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Neonatal candidal osteomyelitis typically has insidious onset, so delayed recognition can worsen outcomes, making early diagnosis and treatment crucial.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What additional procedure is essential for a favorable prognosis?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Incision and drainage of the affected joint is essential for a favorable prognosis.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},442437,1791321453,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":44,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},5909892330395,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Zhao et al. BMC Pediatrics (2026) 26:9 [https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-025-06358-1](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-025-06358-1)  \nBMC Pediatrics  \nCASE REPORT Open Access  \nCase report: a case of neonatal Candida osteomyelitis with septic arthritis and literature review  \nYuqi Zhao 1, Lirong Dai 1, Lili Wang 1* and Li Wang 1*  \nAbstract  \nA preterm infant who previously experienced Candida septicemia at 18 days of life and was treated with standard antifungal therapy presented one month later with signs of multifocal osteomyelitis and arthritis. Causative Candida albicans was detected by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) . Since the symptoms of neonatal candidal osteomyelitis are typically insidious, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial. Moreover, incision and drainage of the affected joint are essential for a favorable prognosis.  \nKeywords Neonates, Candida infection, Osteomyelitis, Septic arthritis, Fluconazole  \nBackground  \nNeonatal invasive candidiasis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants [1]. Candida species infection can disseminate to multiple tissues and organs. Invasive Candida infection in newbornscan affect, in addition to other vital organs such as kidneys, lungs, liver, spleen, bones and joints, heart, retina, the central nervous system (CNS) as well [1, 2]. Three decades ago, neonatal Candida osteomyelitis was occasionally reported; however, with advances in neonatal care and medical standards in recent years, cases of neonatal Candida osteomyelitis complicated by septic arthritis have become increasingly rare. Consequently, the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions in neonates remain challenging. Early identification of the pathogen,  \n*Correspondence: Lili Wang [wllwywz@163.com](wllwywz@163.com)[ ](wllwywz@163.com)Li Wang [395269659@qq.com](395269659@qq.com)  \n1Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China  \nand prompt and appropriate treatment are crucial for favorable outcomes.  \nCase introduction  \nA preterm infant, the first-born of twins conceived via in vitro fertilization (IVF), was delivered by cesarean section at 29 weeks’ gestation. The placenta, umbilical cord, and amniotic fluid appeared normal. The birth weight was 1200 g, and Apgar scores were 7 at 1 min and 9 at 5 min. Immediate resuscitation included warming, airway suctioning, and positive-pressure ventilation, with progression to endotracheal intubation in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) due to persistent respiratory distress. Maternal history revealed transient hyperthyroidism during pregnancy and chronic hepatitis B infection (HBsAgpositive, HBeAg-positive, anti-HBc-positive). Cervical insufficiency was identified at 22 weeks and managed with transvaginal cerclage. From 26 weeks’ gestation onward, the mother required hospitalization for tocolysis and continuous fetal monitoring, and received four 6-mg intramuscular doses of dexamethasone to enhance fetal lung maturation.  \n© The Author(s) 2025. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the c","cbCaiv87G5yrm5ft","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiv87G5yrm5ft","pdf",1315859,"English","# Abstract\n# Keywords\n# Background\n# Case introduction","[{\"question\":\"What pathogen was identified in the case?\",\"answer\":\"Candida albicans was detected using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS).\"},{\"question\":\"Why is early diagnosis important in neonatal candidal osteomyelitis?\",\"answer\":\"Neonatal candidal osteomyelitis typically has insidious onset, so delayed recognition can worsen outcomes, making early diagnosis and treatment crucial.\"},{\"question\":\"What additional procedure is essential for a favorable prognosis?\",\"answer\":\"Incision and drainage of the affected joint is essential for a favorable prognosis.\"}]","Case report: a case of neonatal Candida osteomyelitis with septic arthritis and literature review | PDF",1790700254,23]