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This qualitative grounded-theory study explored nurses’ perceptions and the links between ENRS effectiveness, caring behaviour, and technological competency in practice. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews with eleven nurses from four Slovenian hospitals. Findings formed a core category about losing caring in technology-focused documentation, identifying actions to build technological competency and integrate caring into documentation at individual, organizational, and national levels.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/caring-for-patients-and-technological-competency-in-the-use-of-the-electronic-nursing-record-system-a-qualitative-study/462065/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/caring-for-patients-and-technological-competency-in-the-use-of-the-electronic-nursing-record-system-a-qualitative-study/462065.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Miles","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the purpose of using an electronic nursing record system in this study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study highlights that ENRS aims to support comprehensive and accurate nursing documentation and enable safe, high-quality patient care.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the research conducted?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"A qualitative study using Corbin’s and Strauss’s grounded theory approach was conducted through semi-structured interviews with eleven nurses from four Slovenian hospitals.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What were the study’s key findings about caring and documentation?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The results identified a core category of losing caring in technology-focused documentation and showed how developing technological competency and integrating caring into documentation practices can help support individualized and holistic care.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},462065,1790901377,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},13056703019404,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Article  \nCaring for Patients and Technological Competency in the Use of the Electronic Nursing Record System: A Qualitative Study  \nCvetka Krel * and Dominika Vrbnjak   \nAcademic Editor: Daniele Giansanti  \nReceived: 23 November 2025  \nRevised: 16 December 2025  \nAccepted: 18 December 2025  \nPublished: 22 December 2025  \nCopyright: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.  \nFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; dominika.vrbnjak@um.si  \n* Correspondence: [cvetka.krel@um.si](cvetka.krel@um.si); Tel.: +386-41279491  \nAbstract  \nBackground: The purpose of using an electronic nursing record system (ENRS) is to support comprehensive and accurate nursing documentation and ensure safe and highquality patient care. This qualitative study aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of nurses’ perceptions and the interrelationships between the effectiveness of ENRS, caring behaviour, and technological competency in nursing practice. Methods: Corbin’s and Strauss’s grounded theory approach was employed. Data were collected through semistructured interviews with eleven nurses from four Slovenian hospitals, recruited using theoretical sampling between July 2021 and July 2023 . Open, axial, and selective coding were conducted using MAXQDA 2020 . Results: The core category “Losing caring in technology-focused documentation” was developed, including seven categories and seventeen subcategories. The paradigmatic model identified causal conditions (inadequate ENRS effectiveness), contextual conditions (poor ENRS integration into hospital environments), and intervening conditions (patient care) that contributed to insufficient documentation of individualised and holistic care. Two action–interaction strategies were identified: developing technological competency and integrating caring into documentation practices. Consequences manifested at individual, organisational, and national levels. Conclusions: Nurses’ caring behaviour, effective ENRS, and technologically competent use of the ENRSare essential for documenting and ensuring individualised and holistic patient care.  \nKeywords: electronic nursing records; caring behaviour; technological competency; grounded theory; nursing documentation; qualitative research  \n1. Introduction  \nThe use of Electronic Nursing Record Systems (ENRS) plays a vital role in enhancing the quality of nursing care documentation, patient safety, and user satisfaction. Previous studies have confirmed that the effectiveness of ENRS is closely linked to system quality, usability, and user satisfaction, as well as the interrelationships among these components [1,2] . Recent research has identified specific challenges that compromise the effectiveness of ENRS, including data redundancy, poor workflow navigation, and cumbersome data entry processes [3] . Furthermore, interacting with ENRS reduces direct patient–nurse interaction time [4] . Focusing solely on technology-provided information can lead to overlooking caring for patients, which is fundamental in nursing [5,6] . Developing technological knowledge, skills, and evaluative competence while maintaining caring as central to nursing practice is essential [7] . Locsin’s middle-range Theory of Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing (TCCN) conceptualises technology as a means of expressing caring rather than replacing it. Through technological knowing, nurses can  \nbetter understand patients as whole persons—unique, holistic, and complete—by integrating technology with empirical, personal, aesthetic, ethical, and technological ways of knowing [8,9] . In this study, the TCCN theory served as the theoretical framework for exploring how nurses in clinical practice achieve technologically competent use of the ENRS while simultaneously integrating caring for the patient. Caring behaviour, ","cbCainxapanpgJ1S","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainxapanpgJ1S","pdf",396890,23,"English","# Introduction\n## Background and rationale\n## Theoretical framework and caring-technology integration\n## Study aims and research questions","[{\"question\":\"What was the purpose of using an electronic nursing record system in this study?\",\"answer\":\"The study highlights that ENRS aims to support comprehensive and accurate nursing documentation and enable safe, high-quality patient care.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the research conducted?\",\"answer\":\"A qualitative study using Corbin’s and Strauss’s grounded theory approach was conducted through semi-structured interviews with eleven nurses from four Slovenian hospitals.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the study’s key findings about caring and documentation?\",\"answer\":\"The results identified a core category of losing caring in technology-focused documentation and showed how developing technological competency and integrating caring into documentation practices can help support individualized and holistic care.\"}]","Caring for Patients and Technological Competency in the Use of the Electronic Nursing Record System - A Qualitative Study | PDF",1790763159,58]