[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-413882-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-413882-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","cardiovascular-complications-of-pregnancy-review","Cardiovascular complications of pregnancy - Review","","Cardiovascular complications of pregnancy review outlines how pregnancy drives profound maternal cardiovascular remodeling and explains why temporary, well-tolerated changes can become harmful in susceptible patients. It links rising maternal mortality in the United States to evolving surveillance and describes disparities by race, emphasizing cardiovascular diseases as major causes of pregnancy-related deaths. The review summarizes pregnancy-induced hemodynamic, hormonal, metabolic, vascular, hematologic, and renal adaptations, then details common acute complications and their pathophysiology, including preeclampsia and peripartum cardiomyopathy.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/cardiovascular-complications-of-pregnancy-review/413882/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/cardiovascular-complications-of-pregnancy-review/413882.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Patrick","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-02","2026-09-28",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"Why can normal cardiovascular remodeling in pregnancy lead to complications?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Pregnancy triggers major hemodynamic and hormonal adaptations. While most individuals tolerate these changes, they can unmask or worsen underlying cardiovascular conditions, leading to serious complications.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How has maternal mortality in the United States changed over time, according to the review?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"The review reports a steady increase in maternal mortality in the United States over recent decades, discusses possible effects of surveillance methodology, and notes continued rising rates after full adoption of the pregnancy checkbox.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"Which acute cardiovascular complications are highlighted in the review?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"It summarizes acute complications arising from pregnancy stresses, including preeclampsia, peripartum cardiomyopathy, pregnancy-associated aortic dissection, thromboembolism, and pregnancy-related spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD).","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},413882,1790793270,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,115,120,123,127],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":126},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":128,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":130},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":132},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":133,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":145,"read_time":113,"preview_page_count":4},549758146520,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/80002397d8c0411e94?_k=1775819394049821470","The Journal of Clinical Investigation REVIEW  \nCardiovascular complications of pregnancy  \nYijun Yang,1 Jennifer Lewey,2 and Zoltan Arany1  \n1Cardiovascular Institute, and 2Division of Cardiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.  \nThe maternal cardiovascular system undergoes dramatic remodeling in response to the stresses of pregnancy. Although in most cases these changes are temporary and well tolerated, in others they can give rise to complications, including cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, and hypertensive cardiovascular disease. Despite an increasing number of preclinical models to study these diseases, specific treatments for any of these pregnancy complications are lacking. Asthe maternal mortality rate is rising in the United States, it is critical to understand the molecular mechanisms driving cardiovascular changes during pregnancy, and the pathology that can result.  \nIntroduction  \nPregnancy is accompanied by a series of physiological adaptations to sustain fetal growth while maintaining maternal homeostasis. The maternal heart undergoes physiological remodeling to cope with the increase in maternal blood volume and cardiac output (1–7) . Cardiac wall thickness and cardiac mass increase in parallel without overt cardiac dysfunction (2–5, 8) . In addition to these dramatic hemodynamic changes, pregnancy is also accompanied by numerous hormonal changes and metabolic adaptation. While most healthy individuals undergo these changes without complications, pregnancy can unmask or exacerbate underlying cardiovascular conditions, leading to serious maternal morbidity and mortality.  \nOver the last few decades, the reported maternal mortality rate (MMR) in the United States has been steadily increasing (9), in contrast to the declining rates observed among other high-income countries (10, 11) . Part of this apparent rise in MMR in the United States since the early 2000s may reflect changes in surveillance methodology, particularly the implementation of the pregnancy checkbox on death certificates (12), which can increase the identification of maternal deaths, especially indirect obstetrical deaths (13) . However, from 2018 to 2022, after full adoption of the pregnancy checkbox, the maternal mortality rate in the United States continued to increase from 17.4 to 22.3 deaths per 100,000 births, with a temporary spike to 32.9 deaths per 100,000 births in 2021, likely partly due to the COVID-19 pandemic (14) . Moreover, while MMR captures maternal death during pregnancy and within 42 days postpartum, most pregnancy-related deaths occur between 42 days and 1 year postpartum (15) . MMR in the United States also exhibits marked disparities by race and ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geography. Non-Hispanic Black and American Indian/ Alaska Native women experience a mortality rate that is at least two times higher than non-Hispanic White women (16) . Cardiovascular diseases, including cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, hypertensive cardiovascular disease, and congenital heart diseases,  \nConflict of interest: The authors have declared that no conflicts of interest exist. Copyright: © 2026, Yang et al. This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.  \nReference information: J Clin Invest. 2026;136(1):e198808 .  \n[https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI198808](https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI198808) .  \nare the leading cause of pregnancy-related deaths directly linked to pregnancy complications, especially among Black women (15, 16) . Importantly, pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia and gestational hypertension, are also strongly associated with longterm cardiovascular disease risk factors (17–21) . These facts highlight an urgent need for a better understanding of cardiovascular complications during pregnancy.  \nThis Review explores the physiological stresses of pregnancy, including hemodynamic,","cbCaib5eanxivdyI","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaib5eanxivdyI","pdf",985510,12,"English","# Introduction\n## Physiology of cardiovascular changes during pregnancy\n### Hemodynamic changes","[{\"question\":\"Why can normal cardiovascular remodeling in pregnancy lead to complications?\",\"answer\":\"Pregnancy triggers major hemodynamic and hormonal adaptations. While most individuals tolerate these changes, they can unmask or worsen underlying cardiovascular conditions, leading to serious complications.\"},{\"question\":\"How has maternal mortality in the United States changed over time, according to the review?\",\"answer\":\"The review reports a steady increase in maternal mortality in the United States over recent decades, discusses possible effects of surveillance methodology, and notes continued rising rates after full adoption of the pregnancy checkbox.\"},{\"question\":\"Which acute cardiovascular complications are highlighted in the review?\",\"answer\":\"It summarizes acute complications arising from pregnancy stresses, including preeclampsia, peripartum cardiomyopathy, pregnancy-associated aortic dissection, thromboembolism, and pregnancy-related spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD).\"}]","Cardiovascular complications of pregnancy - Review | PDF",1790596080]