[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-374433-105":59,"doc-detail-374433-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","capecitabine-and-temozolomide-or-temozolomide-alone-in-patients-with-atypical-carcinoids","Capecitabine and temozolomide or temozolomide alone in patients with atypical carcinoids","","Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data evaluated temozolomide (TEM)–based therapies in advanced atypical carcinoid (AC) patients. Patients with lung neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) received chemotherapy with either TEM or the combination capecitabine plus temozolomide (CAPTEM) from 2003–2023. Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), with overall response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS) as secondary endpoints. CAPTEM showed longer PFS than TEM and retained an independent association with lower progression risk after adjustment.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/capecitabine-and-temozolomide-or-temozolomide-alone-in-patients-with-atypical-carcinoids/374433/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/capecitabine-and-temozolomide-or-temozolomide-alone-in-patients-with-atypical-carcinoids/374433.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Connor ","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",14,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What therapies were compared for advanced atypical carcinoids in the study?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The study compared temozolomide-based therapy using single-agent temozolomide (TEM) versus the combination capecitabine plus temozolomide (CAPTEM).","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What was the primary endpoint used to evaluate treatment effectiveness?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Progression-free survival (PFS) was the primary endpoint.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"How did CAPTEM perform compared with TEM in terms of progression risk?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"CAPTEM was associated with longer PFS than TEM alone, and after adjustment, TEM versus CAPTEM retained an independent association with a higher risk of progression.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},374433,1790392163,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":46},687207022233,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Endocrine (2025) 88:660–667  \n[https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-025-04171-5](https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-025-04171-5)  \nCapecitabine and temozolomide or temozolomide alone in patients with atypical carcinoids  \nLinda Galvani1 ● Arianna Zappi1 ● Sara Pusceddu2 ● Fabio Gelsomino3 ● Anna La Salvia4,5 ● Simone Oldani2 ● Francesco Panzuto 6,7 ● Elisa Andrini1 ● Giuseppe Lamberti 1 ● Davide Campana1,8  \nReceived: 28 September 2024 / Accepted: 14 January 2025 / Published online: 24 January 2025 © The Author(s) 2025  \nAbstract  \nBackground Lung neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) represent about 20% of all lung cancers. Few therapeutic options are available for atypical carcinoids (ACs) . Single-agent temozolomide (TEM) is active in lung NENs, but whether the addition of capecitabine (CAPTEM) is associated with improved outcomes, is unknown. We sought to investigate the TEM-based therapies (TEM or CAPTEM) in patients with advanced AC.  \nMaterial and methods This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from patients with AC of the lung referred to our institution from January 2003 to January 2023 who have received chemotherapy with either TEM or CAPTEM as any line treatment. Primary endpoint was progression free survival (PFS), secondary endpoints included overall response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS) .  \nResults In this study we included 31 patients with advanced AC. Median Ki-67 was 14.4%(3–30) . CAPTEM in 17 patients (54.8%), while TEM was administered in 14 patients (45.2%) . Overall, ORR was 39%(N = 12/31, all partial responses), while median PFS and OS were 57.4 months (95%CI: 43.2–71.7) and 24.4 months (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 14.7–34.1) . Median PFS was 33.9 months (15.6–52.1) in the CAPTEM group, while it was 15.5 (7.3–23.8) in the TEM group (p = 0.047) . When adjusting for potential confounding factors, treatment with TEM vs CAPTEM retained its independent association with an increased risk of progression (HR: 4.01 [95%CI: 1.18–13.68]; p = 0.027) .  \nConclusions Treatment with CAPTEM is associated with longer PFS than TEM alone in patients with AC. Prospective studies with larger sample size are needed to validate this finding.  \nKeywords Lung neuroendocrine neoplasms ● Atypical carcinoids ● Chemotherapy ● TEM ● CAPTEM  \nIntroduction  \nLung neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) represent about 20% of all lung cancers and are divided into four subtypes: typical carcinoids (TCs), atypical carcinoids (ACs), large-  \ncell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNECs) and small cell lung carcinomas (SCLCs) [1, 2] . Lung NEN account for~25% of neuroendocrine tumors, and are profoundly different in terms of biology, aggressiveness, and prognosis [3, 4] . TCs are defined as low-grade NENs, with a mitotic  \n* Giuseppe Lamberti [giuseppe.lamberti8@unibo.it](giuseppe.lamberti8@unibo.it)  \n1 Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy  \n2 Medical Oncology and Hematology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy  \n3 Division of Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy  \n4 Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome,  \nItaly  \n5 National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome, Italy  \n6 Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy  \n7 Digestive Disease Unit, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, Rome, Italy  \n8 Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS Azienda OspedalieroUniversitaria Sant’Orsola-Malpighi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy  \ncount of 0–2 per 10 high power fields (HPF), no histologic evidence of necrosis and are generally characterized by a low growth rate. ACs are considered intermediate-grade lung NENs, defined by a mitotic count ranging from 2 to 10 mitosis per 10 HPF and by the presence of focal necrosis. ACs are less fr","cbCaigjb6QqzDT5v","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigjb6QqzDT5v","pdf",567052,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Material and methods\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Introduction\n## Lung NEN subtypes and rationale for treatment\n# Materials and methods\n## Patient selection","[{\"question\":\"What therapies were compared for advanced atypical carcinoids in the study?\",\"answer\":\"The study compared temozolomide-based therapy using single-agent temozolomide (TEM) versus the combination capecitabine plus temozolomide (CAPTEM).\"},{\"question\":\"What was the primary endpoint used to evaluate treatment effectiveness?\",\"answer\":\"Progression-free survival (PFS) was the primary endpoint.\"},{\"question\":\"How did CAPTEM perform compared with TEM in terms of progression risk?\",\"answer\":\"CAPTEM was associated with longer PFS than TEM alone, and after adjustment, TEM versus CAPTEM retained an independent association with a higher risk of progression.\"}]","Capecitabine and temozolomide or temozolomide alone in patients with atypical carcinoids | PDF",1790201654]