[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-147689-105":59,"doc-detail-147689-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","canyons-caves-issue-no-8-spring-1998","CANYONS & CAVES - Issue No. 8 - Spring 1998","","CANYONS & CAVES is a spring 1998 newsletter for Carlsbad Caverns National Park, centered on resource updates, ecological research, and field management. The issue highlights activities such as SAVE OUR CAVE DAY, discusses ongoing initiatives including weed control and wildland fire management, and covers bat-flight guidance for visitors. It also presents scientific work determining the ages of Carlsbad Cavern and Lechuguilla Cave using radioisotopic dating of alunite, alongside features and event information.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/canyons-caves-issue-no-8-spring-1998/147689/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/canyons-caves-issue-no-8-spring-1998/147689.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Đào","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-23","2026-08-26",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What event is highlighted in the Resource News section?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"SAVE OUR CAVE DAY is highlighted as taking place Friday, February 13th, with employees helping restore and clean portions of Carlsbad Cavern.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were the ages of Carlsbad Cavern and Lechuguilla Cave determined?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The issue states the ages were determined using radioisotopic dating of the mineral alunite, applying the Ar-40/Ar-39 dating method to alunite samples.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What guidance is provided for visitors during bat flight events?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Visitors are asked to turn off the microphone as bats begin to fly, and flash photography is discouraged because the effects of flashing lights on bats are not known.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},147689,1787768448,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":52,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":143,"preview_page_count":4},1374402968488,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","CANYONS & CAVES  \nA Newsletter from the Natural Resources Offices Carlsbad Caverns National Park  \nIssue No. 8 Spring 1998  \nEdited by Dale L. Pate  \nTABLE OF CONTENTS  \nResource News 1  \nAges of Carlsbad Cavern and Lechuguilla Cave 2  \nDesert Shrew (Notiosorex crawfordi) 2  \nThe Battle Against Weeds 3  \nPreliminary List of Weeds at Carlsbad Caverns NP 5  \nDateline Lechuguilla 6  \nLunar Leche 6  \nWildland Fire Management in the Guadalupe Mtns. 6  \nWhat is that Black Stuff? 9  \nLechuguilla Trivia 10  \nSecond Voyage of the PS Munyan 10  \nFrom Reef to Caves 10  \nCalendar of Events 10  \nRESOURCE NEWS  \nSAVE OUR CAVE DAY was Friday, February 13th. Over 30 employees of the park and CCGMA helped restore and cleanup various portions of Carlsbad Cavern. Participants acquired a better appreciation for Cavern resources, got a  \nTakanobu Kajiki (TK) meticulously picks up trail debris from the Big Room in Carlsbad Cavern (NPS Photo by Dale Pate)  \nbreak from their normal duties, and had fun in the process. More days like this are planned for employees. The cave appreciated all the work also.  \nTHE TITANIC AND LECHUGUILLA – Donald Davis has been corresponding with Dr. D. Roy Cullimore who is studying “rusticles” found growing on the Titanic, the famous ship that sank in extremely deep, cold waters of the North Atlantic many years ago. Evidently, the “rusticles”found in Lechuguilla Cave appear to be very similar to those growing on the Titanic.  \nBAT FLIGHT TALKS – With Bat Flight talks beginning soon, please remember to turn off the microphone as the bats begin to fly. Only use the microphone during the bat flight to effect crowd control. The bats thank you in advance.  \nFLASH PHOTOGRAPHY AT BAT FLIGHT – It is a thankless job to prevent flash photography during the bat flights. Nevertheless, it is important that we continue our efforts in this regard. We recently received a letter from Dr. Ken Geluso concerning the bat flights and flash photography. He states, “Because we do not know how much flashing lights from the amphitheater affect the bats and because we do not know that some types of artificial lights do affect bats, I recommend that flashes not be used during the evening exit flights of Mexican Free-tailed bats from Carlsbad Cavern. This was not my recommendation many years ago, when relatively few visitors were using electronic flash units.” In other correspondence, Dr. Geluso has agreed to consider the problem and try to devise a way to scientifically determine if the bats are significantly bothered by the hundreds, if not thousands, of flashes the bats will be subjected to on a daily basis if we allow flash photography at the bat flight.  \nTWO RINGTAILS have been removed from the lunchroom/pumproom area of Carlsbad Cavern during the last two weeks in April.  \nTHANKS to Lynn Carranza and Lance Mattson for removing a lot of unneeded tools and other assorted stuff from Slaughter Canyon Cave.  \nCONGRATULATIONS and welcome to Stan Allison. Stan has accepted the position vacated by Harry Burgess in our Cave Resources Office. Stan EOD’s the week of May 10 and comes to us from Wind Cave National Park.  \nCanyons & Caves No. 8 1  \nWELCOME to Lisa McWilliams and Mike Mulheisen, from Auburn University, who will be in the park through September studying the ecology of Mexican Free-tailed bats. Also welcome to Hannah Sproul who will be doing bird research at Rattlesnake Springs and Chris Roche, an SCA in the Surface Resources Office who will be helping with various biological studies.  \nTHANKS to Rebecca Lee, Tom Kaler, and Paula Alexander for their volunteer efforts in the Cave Resources Office.  \nWELCOME to Gosia Roemer who will be volunteering in the Cave Resources Office from May through July. Gosia is from Poland and living in Germany.  \nAGES OF CARLSBAD CAVERN AND LECHUGUILLA CAVE DETERMINED  \nby Victor Polyak  \nFor the first time, the age of formation of dissolution-type caves has been determined by radioisotopic dating of the mineral a","cbCaisaSfnpxvqYB","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisaSfnpxvqYB","pdf",180442,"English","# Resource News\n## Ages of Carlsbad Cavern and Lechuguilla Cave\n## Desert Shrew (Notiosorex crawfordi)\n## The Battle Against Weeds\n## Preliminary List of Weeds at Carlsbad Caverns NP\n## Dateline Lechuguilla\n## Lunar Leche\n## Wildland Fire Management in the Guadalupe Mtns.\n## What is that Black Stuff?\n## Lechuguilla Trivia\n## Second Voyage of the PS Munyan\n## From Reef to Caves\n## Calendar of Events","[{\"question\":\"What event is highlighted in the Resource News section?\",\"answer\":\"SAVE OUR CAVE DAY is highlighted as taking place Friday, February 13th, with employees helping restore and clean portions of Carlsbad Cavern.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the ages of Carlsbad Cavern and Lechuguilla Cave determined?\",\"answer\":\"The issue states the ages were determined using radioisotopic dating of the mineral alunite, applying the Ar-40/Ar-39 dating method to alunite samples.\"},{\"question\":\"What guidance is provided for visitors during bat flight events?\",\"answer\":\"Visitors are asked to turn off the microphone as bats begin to fly, and flash photography is discouraged because the effects of flashing lights on bats are not known.\"}]","CANYONS & CAVES - Issue No. 8 - Spring 1998 | PDF",25]