[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-377055-105":59,"doc-detail-377055-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","cancer-keeper-genes-as-therapeutic-targets","Cancer-keeper genes as therapeutic targets","","Cancer-keeper genes (CKGs) are proposed as therapeutic targets for correcting aberrant cell growth. Rather than focusing on normal cells or traditional mutation-based cancer-driver gene discovery, the approach centers on cancerous states and genes that maintain abnormal proliferation. Control-hub genes are identified by extending network controllability theory, then applied to bladder cancer (BLCA). Cell and mouse experiments show six sensitive CKGs suppress cancer growth, supporting strong therapeutic potential.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/cancer-keeper-genes-as-therapeutic-targets/377055/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/cancer-keeper-genes-as-therapeutic-targets/377055.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Quinn Holloway","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-26","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What are cancer-keeper genes (CKGs) and why are they relevant to therapy?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"CKGs are genes that maintain abnormal cell growth in cancerous states. Intervening with CKGs may rectify aberrant growth, making them potential therapeutic targets.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the study identify CKGs?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It extends network controllability theory by developing an efficient algorithm to find control-hub genes, which are essential for maintaining cancerous states and can serve as CKGs.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What evidence supports CKGs as therapeutic targets in bladder cancer?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"For BLCA, all genes on cell-cycle and p53 pathways are identified as CKGs. Experiments on cell lines and a mouse model confirm that six sensitive CKGs suppress cancer cell growth.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},377055,1790452687,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":46,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":31},2336474466712,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","iScience  \nll  \nOPEN ACCESS  \nArticle  \nCancer-keeper genes as therapeutic targets  \nXizhe Zhang, Chunyu Pan, Xinru Wei, . .. , Yang Yao, Yuyan Zhu, Weixiong Zhang  \n[zhangxizhe@njmu.edu.cn](zhangxizhe@njmu.edu.cn)[ ](zhangxizhe@njmu.edu.cn)(X.Z.) [yaoyang1972@gmail.com](yaoyang1972@gmail.com)[ ](yaoyang1972@gmail.com)(Y.Y.)  \n[yyzhu@cmu.edu.cn](yyzhu@cmu.edu.cn) (Y.Z.) [weixiong.zhang@polyu.edu.hk](weixiong.zhang@polyu.edu.hk)[ ](weixiong.zhang@polyu.edu.hk)(W.Z.)  \nHighlights  \nFocus on genes that maintain aberrant cell growth, named cancerkeeper genes (CKGs)  \nDevelop a novel approach for finding CKGs  \nApply the new method to bladder cancer and validate CKGs in cancer cells and mice  \nZhang et al., iScience 26 , 107296  \nAugust 18, 2023 ª 2023 The Author(s) .  \n[https://doi.org/10.1016/](https://doi.org/10.1016/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.1016/)[j.isci.2023.107296](j.isci.2023.107296)  \niScience  \nll  \nOPEN ACCESS  \nArticle  \nCancer-keeper genes as therapeutic targets  \nXizhe Zhang,1,2, 10,* Chunyu Pan,3 Xinru Wei, 1,2 Meng Yu,4,5 Shuangjie Liu,6 Jun An,6 Jieping Yang,6 Baojun Wei,6 Wenjun Hao,6 Yang Yao,7,* Yuyan Zhu,6,* and Weixiong Zhang8,9,*  \nSUMMARY  \nFinding cancer-driver genes has been a central theme of cancer research. We took a different perspective; instead of considering normal cells, we focused on cancerous cells and genes that maintained abnormal cell growth, which we named cancer-keeper genes (CKGs). Intervening CKGs may rectify aberrant cell growth, making them potential cancer therapeutic targets. We introduced control-hub genes and developed an efficient algorithm by extending network controllability theory. Control hub are essential for maintaining cancerous states and thus can be taken as CKGs. We applied our CKG-based approach to bladder cancer (BLCA). All genes on the cell-cycle and p53 pathways in BLCA were identified as CKGs, showing their importance in cancer. We discovered that sensitive CKGs — genes easily altered by structural perturbation — were particularly suitable therapeutic targets. Experiments on cell lines and a mouse model confirmed that six sensitive CKGs effectively suppressed cancer cell growth, demonstrating the immense therapeutic potential of CKGs.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nA primary objective of cancer research is to identify cancer-driver genes (CDGs) that may trigger tumorigenesis or promote aberrant cell growth.1 ,2 CDGs can help elucidate cancer etiology3 and be used as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.4 Most existing methods for CDG discovery look for genes with substantial mutations that can separate cancer subjects and normal controls.5–7 Despite many efforts,1 ,2 ,8 CDGs that can be discovered seem saturated with increasing sample sizes.9  \nDeviated from the prevalent mutation-based methods for CDG finding is a recent approach based on network structural controllability.10 , 11 Structural controllability specifies how a networked system can be driven from any state to the desired state in finite time by exerting stimuli on the driver nodes defined by a control scheme (i. e. , a minimal set of non-overlapping paths covering all nodes) for the network.10 Network controllability has been applied to various biological networks, 12–14 including protein-protein interaction networks, 15 gene regulatory networks,16 , 17 and metabolic networks.18 , 19 Instead of analyzing individual genes in isolation, this approach organizes all genes of interest in a network and identifies the network’s driver nodes (i. e. , genes) . When applied to cancer regulatory networks, it identifies driver nodes regarded as CDGs and therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.20  \nHowever, two critical issues hinder network controllability from becoming a practical method for finding CDGs. First, given a network, the control scheme is often not unique, but numerous control schemes and different sets of driver nodes exist.21 ,22 It is difficult, if not infeasible, to determine the most effective control scheme for the ","cbCaigRXvlMXyTpD","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigRXvlMXyTpD","pdf",6066684,"English","# Highlights\n# Summary\n# Introduction\n# Author Information","[{\"question\":\"What are cancer-keeper genes (CKGs) and why are they relevant to therapy?\",\"answer\":\"CKGs are genes that maintain abnormal cell growth in cancerous states. Intervening with CKGs may rectify aberrant growth, making them potential therapeutic targets.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the study identify CKGs?\",\"answer\":\"It extends network controllability theory by developing an efficient algorithm to find control-hub genes, which are essential for maintaining cancerous states and can serve as CKGs.\"},{\"question\":\"What evidence supports CKGs as therapeutic targets in bladder cancer?\",\"answer\":\"For BLCA, all genes on cell-cycle and p53 pathways are identified as CKGs. Experiments on cell lines and a mouse model confirm that six sensitive CKGs suppress cancer cell growth.\"}]","Cancer-keeper genes as therapeutic targets | PDF",1790222900]