[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-382656-105":59,"doc-detail-382656-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","cancer-associated-fibroblasts-from-basic-science-to-anticancer-therapy","Cancer-associated fibroblasts: from basic science to anticancer therapy","","Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) act as a central component of the tumor microenvironment, shaping cancer-cell behavior in primary and metastatic tumors through extensive interactions with cancer and stromal cells. CAFs show innate versatility and plasticity, enabling education by cancer cells and producing context-dependent shifts in stromal fibroblast populations. This review summarizes proposed CAF origins, phenotypic and functional heterogeneity, and the molecular mechanisms generating diverse CAF subpopulations. It also discusses strategies to selectively target tumor-promoting CAFs for future anticancer research and clinical translation.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/cancer-associated-fibroblasts-from-basic-science-to-anticancer-therapy/382656/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/cancer-associated-fibroblasts-from-basic-science-to-anticancer-therapy/382656.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Taylor Morgan","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",13,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What role do cancer-associated fibroblasts play in the tumor microenvironment?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"CAFs influence cancer-cell survival, outgrowth, and escape from immunosurveillance through extensive interactions with cancer cells and other stromal cells. They also affect cancer progression via ECM remodeling and immune cell infiltration.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Why do CAFs show both tumor-promoting and tumor-restraining effects?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The apparent contradiction is explained by CAF heterogeneity and plasticity, which may depend on precursor origin, cancer type, and tumor progression stage. Different CAF subtypes can perform distinct, sometimes opposing, functions in tumorigenesis.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"How does the review describe identifying CAF subtypes?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The review discusses CAF heterogeneity supported by markers and highlights approaches such as single-cell RNA sequencing and proteomics to dissect CAF subpopulations. Table 1 summarizes pan-CAF markers and specific markers for myCAF, iCAF, and apCAF.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},382656,1790641962,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146},1099523885336,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","[www.nature.com/emm](www.nature.com/emm)  \nREVIEW ARTICLE OPEN  \nCancer-associated fibroblasts: from basic science to anticancer therapy  \nDakai Yang 1,2 ✉, Jing Liu3,4, Hui Qian2 ✉ and Qin Zhuang 1 ✉  \n© The Author(s) 2023  \n|  |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n|  | Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), as a central component of the tumor microenvironment in primary and metastatic tumors, profoundly influence the behavior of cancer cells and are involved in cancer progression through extensive interactions with cancer cells and other stromal cells. Furthermore, the innate versatility and plasticity of CAFs allow their education by cancer cells, resulting in dynamic alterations in stromal fibroblast populations in a context-dependent manner, which highlights the importance of precise assessment of CAF phenotypical and functional heterogeneity. In this review, we summarize the proposed origins and heterogeneity of CAFs as well as the molecular mechanisms regulating the diversity of CAF subpopulations. We also discuss current strategies to selectively target tumor-promoting CAFs, providing insights and perspectives for future research and clinical studies |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n| involving stromal targeting. |  |  |\n|  | Experimental & Molecular Medicine (2023) 55:1322–1332; [https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-023-01013-0](https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-023-01013-0) |  |\n|  |  |  |\n\nINTRODUCTION  \nThe concept of the tumor microenvironment (TME), although first proposed by Stephen Paget in the “seed and soil theory” in 1889, has been widely appreciated only in recent years based on mounting evidence showing that the heterotypic signaling among the diverse cell types within a tumor cooperatively creates a supportive niche that favors cancer cell survival, outgrowth and escape from immunosurveillance1. Thus, the behavior of cancers depends not only on cancer cell-autonomous defects but also on cancer cell-extrinsic factors, in particular, the intricate tumor microenvironment (TME) . The TME, as a dynamic niche composed of a set of cellular and molecular components, closely interacts with cancer cells to meet their nutrient and metabolic demands2. Diverse cell types contribute to TME formation, including immune cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and even normal epithelial cells, which together are termed stromal cells3. Soluble factors, such as growth factors and cytokines, as well as capillaries and the extracellular matrix (ECM) surrounding cancer cells, together constitute the complex network of tumor stromal signaling mediated by both tumor and stromal cells3.  \nCAFs, also known as activated fibroblasts, are central to thereactive stroma within the TME, as they not only interact extensively with cancer cells via secreted molecules or cell‒cell adhesion but also indirectly influence cancer cells via ECM remodeling and immune cell infiltration4. While there is an overwhelming abundance of studies that support a tumorpromoting function for CAFs, some studies have noted that CAFs may restrain cancer progression as a host defense mechanism against neoplasia5,6. This contradiction can be explained by the high heterogeneity and plasticity of CAFs, which are possibly dependent on CAF precursor origin, cancer type and tumor  \nprogression stage. Indeed, distinct CAF subtypes have been identified with specific molecular markers, such as myofibroblastlike CAFs (myCAFs)7, inflammatory CAFs (iCAFs)7 and antigenpresenting CAFs (ApCAFs)8, which perform different and, in some cases, even contradictory roles in tumorigenesis. Moreover, recent studies using single-cell RNA-sequencing and proteomic technology have further dissected CAF subpopulations based on their distinct transcriptional profiles and demonstrated dynamic heterogeneous modifications of stromal myofibroblast populations in a context-dependent manner2,9, 10. The variations instromal composition not only shape the intratumoral architecture bu","cbCaifBjB9l6ClHO","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifBjB9l6ClHO","pdf",1560844,11,"English","# Introduction\n# Origins and heterogeneity of CAFs\n## Fibroblasts and acute wound healing\n## CAF markers and subtype identification\n# Targeting tumor-promoting CAFs in anticancer therapy","[{\"question\":\"What role do cancer-associated fibroblasts play in the tumor microenvironment?\",\"answer\":\"CAFs influence cancer-cell survival, outgrowth, and escape from immunosurveillance through extensive interactions with cancer cells and other stromal cells. They also affect cancer progression via ECM remodeling and immune cell infiltration.\"},{\"question\":\"Why do CAFs show both tumor-promoting and tumor-restraining effects?\",\"answer\":\"The apparent contradiction is explained by CAF heterogeneity and plasticity, which may depend on precursor origin, cancer type, and tumor progression stage. Different CAF subtypes can perform distinct, sometimes opposing, functions in tumorigenesis.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the review describe identifying CAF subtypes?\",\"answer\":\"The review discusses CAF heterogeneity supported by markers and highlights approaches such as single-cell RNA sequencing and proteomics to dissect CAF subpopulations. Table 1 summarizes pan-CAF markers and specific markers for myCAF, iCAF, and apCAF.\"}]","Cancer-associated fibroblasts: from basic science to anticancer therapy | PDF",1790251539,28]