[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-268555-105":59,"doc-detail-268555-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","cambridge-english-exams-the-first-hundred-years-a-history-of-english-language-assessment-from-the-university-of-cambridge-1913-2013-studies-in-language-testing-38","Cambridge English Exams - The First Hundred Years - A History of English Language Assessment from the University of Cambridge, 1913-2013 - Studies in Language Testing 38","","A comprehensive history traces the development of English language assessment by the University of Cambridge from 1913 to 2013, marking the centenary of the first examinations for foreign students, the Certificate of Proficiency in English. The narrative follows how standards evolved in scale and substance despite disruptions from two world wars, and how the assessment system expanded beyond specialized purposes to support broader educational and university needs across decades.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/cambridge-english-exams-the-first-hundred-years-a-history-of-english-language-assessment-from-the-university-of-cambridge-1913-2013-studies-in-language-testing-38/268555/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/cambridge-english-exams-the-first-hundred-years-a-history-of-english-language-assessment-from-the-university-of-cambridge-1913-2013-studies-in-language-testing-38/268555.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Adam","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-09","2026-09-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",15,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What timeframe does this book cover for Cambridge English language assessment?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"It covers the period from 1913 to 2013, presenting a century-long development of Cambridge English examinations and assessment practices.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Which landmark examination is highlighted as the starting point for the 100-year story?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The book marks the 100th anniversary of the first examinations for foreign students: the Certificate of Proficiency in English.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"How did world wars affect the examination numbers and development described?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The text notes that the numbers involved in the first half-century were interrupted by two world wars, with figures rising from fewer than 700 in 1939 to about 8,000 by 1960.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},268555,1789432257,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":130,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},1374404737137,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Cambridge English Exams– the first hundred years  \nA history of English language assessment from the University of Cambridge, 1913–2013  \n5RJHU +DZNH\\ DQG 0LFKDHO 0LODQRYLF  \nThis book is dedicated to all those who have made  \nCambridge English Language Assessment what it is today.  \n&RS\\ULJKW  \nCAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS  \nCambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo, Delhi, Mexico City  \nCambridge University Press  \nThe Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK  \n[www.cambridge.org](www.cambridge.org)  \nInformation on this [title: www.cambridge.org/9781107634732](title: www.cambridge.org/9781107634732)[ ](title: www.cambridge.org/9781107634732)© UCLES 2013  \nThis publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.  \nFirst published 2013.  \nPrinted by Canon UK Limited.  \nLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available.  \nBritish Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Hawkey, Roger.  \nCambridge English exams : the first hundred years : a history of English language assessment from the University of Cambridge, 1913-2013. -- (Studies in language testing ; 38)  \n1. English language--Examinations--History. 2. English language--Study and teaching--History.  \nI . Title II . Series III . Milanovic, Michael.  \n428.2’4’071’0904-dc23  \nISBN-13: 9781107634732  \nISBN 978-1-107-63473-2 paperback  \nCambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Information regarding prices, travel timetables and other factual information given in this work is correct atthe time of first printing but Cambridge University Press does not guarantee the accuracy of such information thereafter.  \n&RQWHQWV  \nAbout the authors iv  \nForeword v  \nAuthors’ note and acknowledgements vii  \nChapter 1 􀀔􀀕􀀓􀀜 ² 􀀔􀀜􀀔􀀕􀀝 &DPEULGJH 8QLYHUVLW\\ EHIRUH 8&/(6􀀞 1  \n8&/(6 EHIRUH &3(  \nChapter 2 􀀔􀀜􀀔􀀖 ² 􀀔􀀜􀀗􀀘􀀝 7KH ILUVW WKUHH GHFDGHV RI 8&/(6 ()/ 13  \nChapter 3 􀀔􀀜􀀗􀀙 ² 􀀔􀀜􀀛􀀙􀀝 5HFRQVWUXFWLRQ DQG GHYHORSPHQW 51  \nChapter 4 􀀔􀀜􀀛􀀚 ² 􀀔􀀜􀀜􀀜􀀝 5HYROXWLRQ DQG HYROXWLRQ 91  \nChapter 5 􀀕􀀓􀀓􀀓 ² 􀀕􀀓􀀓􀀚􀀝 7KH QHZ PLOOHQQLXP 167  \nChapter 6 􀀕􀀓􀀓􀀛 ² 􀀕􀀓􀀔􀀖􀀝 7KH ZD\\ WKLQJV DUH 249  \nChapter 7 􀀕􀀓􀀔􀀖 onwards 329  \nAcronyms 348  \nReferences 353  \nPhoto credits 364  \nSubject index 365  \nIndex of names 370  \n$ERXW WKH DXWKRUV  \nMICHAEL MILANOVIC  \nChief Executive of Cambridge English Language Assessment  \nMichael Milanovic joined the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate in 1989, following a career in English language teaching and testing in the UK, France and Hong Kong. He has worked with the British Council and the Hong Kong Examinations Authority and was a senior lecturer at the City Polytechnic in Hong Kong. He has been involved in language education since 1977 and hasan MA in Applied Linguistics from the University of Reading and a PhD in performance-based language testing from the Institute of Education, University of London. In May 2003 he was appointed as Chief Executive of Cambridge ESOL.  \nMichael Milanovic (right) with Nicola Videtta who designed and typeset this book  \nIn addition to his role as Chief Executive of Cambridge English Language Assessment, he is the Manager of the Association of Language Testers in Europe (ALTE) and co-editor of Studies in Language Testing published by Cambridge University Press.  \nROGER HAWKEY  \nRoger Hawkey has a BA in modern languages from Cambridge University, a PGCE (EFL) and a PhD (in language learner factors) from the Institute of Education, London, and an MA (Linguistics) from Reading University. Roger has enjoyed a long career in applied linguistics, English language teaching, teacher education, curriculum development an","cbCaisTrvoMORx0b","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisTrvoMORx0b","pdf",15316782,384,"English","# About the authors\n# Foreword\n# Authors’ note and acknowledgements\n# Chapter 1\n## Cambridge University before UCLES\n# Chapter 2\n## The first three decades of UCLES\n# Chapter 3\n## Reconstruction and development in 51\n# Chapter 4\n## Revolution and evolution in 91\n# Chapter 5\n## The new millennium\n# Chapter 6\n## The way things are\n# Chapter 7\n## onwards\n# Acronyms\n# References\n# Photo credits\n# Subject index\n# Index of names","[{\"question\":\"What timeframe does this book cover for Cambridge English language assessment?\",\"answer\":\"It covers the period from 1913 to 2013, presenting a century-long development of Cambridge English examinations and assessment practices.\"},{\"question\":\"Which landmark examination is highlighted as the starting point for the 100-year story?\",\"answer\":\"The book marks the 100th anniversary of the first examinations for foreign students: the Certificate of Proficiency in English.\"},{\"question\":\"How did world wars affect the examination numbers and development described?\",\"answer\":\"The text notes that the numbers involved in the first half-century were interrupted by two world wars, with figures rising from fewer than 700 in 1939 to about 8,000 by 1960.\"}]","Cambridge English Exams - The First Hundred Years - A History of English Language Assessment from the University of Cambridge, 1913-2013 - Studies in Language Testing 38 | PDF",968]