[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-409660-105":3,"doc-detail-409660-en":85,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":102},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":78,"head_meta":80,"extra_data":82,"updated_unix":84},105,"en","cae-writing-and-vocabulary-useful-language","CAE Writing and Vocabulary - Useful Language","","Practical English language guide for CAE writing, focusing on formal and semi-formal styles used in reports, proposals, recommendations, and conclusions. Provides model sentence patterns for introductions, generalising, and making recommendations, including formal linking phrases and ways to propose actions. Includes style rules such as avoiding contractions, using passive forms, employing relative clauses, and selecting specific vocabulary instead of vague terms. Covers semi-formal strategies for addressing readers, describing locations, giving opinions and practical information, maintaining accuracy with pronouns and verb agreement, and using attitude clauses plus high-value agreement/disagreement, advantages/disadvantages, cause/effect, and emphasizing phrases.",{"@graph":14,"@context":77},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/","Exam",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/cae-writing-and-vocabulary-useful-language/409660/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/cae-writing-and-vocabulary-useful-language/409660.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Danger Angel","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-09","2026-09-28",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",32,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69,73],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"How should introductions in formal reports be written for CAE?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Use clear reporting verbs and purposes, then state what the report outlines and what it is based on, e.g., “The main purpose/aim… is to outline/present/discuss…”.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What style rules are recommended for formal writing?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Avoid contractions, use passive forms when possible, join ideas with relative clauses, and choose precise nouns instead of vague words like “things” or “something”.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"Which structures help with semi-formal writing when addressing the reader?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Use reader-focused questions and conditional prompts, and include practical and opinion language such as “As you know,” “If you want…,” and “It is worth seeing/considering…”.",{"name":74,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":75},"How can writers improve accuracy in CAE semi-formal writing?",{"text":76,"@type":64},"Do not omit required subject pronouns, avoid unnecessary subject pronouns, and ensure subject-verb agreement, for example “Attracting tourists involves…” for a singular subject.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":79,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":81,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":83,"site_id":7},409660,1790719004,{"code":4,"msg":86,"data":87},"success",{"doc_id":83,"user_id":88,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":89,"doc_module":4,"category_id":33,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":90,"file_id":91,"file_url":92,"file_type":93,"file_size":94,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":95,"language":96,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":97,"faqs":98,"seo_title":99,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":100,"read_time":101,"preview_page_count":4},962090769052,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","CAE-WRITING AND VOCABULARY  \n1) FORMAL WRITING (Reports and proposals)  \n\n| Introduction\u003Cbr>-The main purpose/aim of (this report) is to outline/ present / discuss / examine / evaluate…\u003Cbr>-This report (outlines/looks at)…\u003Cbr>-This report is based on… | Generalising\u003Cbr>-On the whole,…\u003Cbr>-In general,… |\n| --- | --- |\n\nMaking recommendations and concluding  \n\n| -It is clear from customer feedback that…\u003Cbr>-With regard to…, the general view seems to be…\u003Cbr>-In the light of (this year’s experience),…\u003Cbr>-Perhaps the most effective way of…\u003Cbr>-If the (centre) is to attract more customers, it is vital that…\u003Cbr>-It would be a good idea to…\u003Cbr>-It is (therefore) believed / obvious that…would be ideal for…\u003Cbr>-It would (not) be advisable / practical to…\u003Cbr>-We suggest/propose that…\u003Cbr>-We suggest/propose + ing\u003Cbr>-A (more spacious area) would be the solution…/an effective way of… | -In light of the above, we believe the following measures should be adopted…\u003Cbr>-In the short/long term, we suggest you should consider…\u003Cbr>-My recommendations are as follows: …\u003Cbr>-In my view, in future, we should…\u003Cbr>-To improve the situation, we recommend…\u003Cbr>-It is recommended that…\u003Cbr>-To sum up,…To conclude,…\u003Cbr>-I hope that the plan outlined/presented in this report meets with your approval…\u003Cbr>-I hope that the recommendations outlined/ presented in this report will receive your serious consideration. |\n| --- | --- |\n\nStyle  \n-Do not use contractions.  \n-Use passive forms whenever possible.  \n-Use relative clauses to join ideas: The period during which he lived was full of uncertainty.  \n-Use these formal words: ~~like~~ 􀃆 such as / ~~kids~~ 􀃆 children  \n~~a lot (of)~~ 􀃆 many / a large number of + countable noun  \n~~a lot (of)~~ 􀃆 much / a great amount of / a great deal of + uncountable  \n~~a lot~~ (intensity)􀃆 very much / significantly / dramatically  \n-Avoid using the word things / something, etc. Use a more specific word (problems, situation, solutions, subjects, and so on) .  \n2) SEMI-FORMAL WRITING Addressing the reader  \n-Have you ever wondered (what the college would be like if)…? If the answer is (yes)…, you…--If you want a different kind of experience,…/ As you know,…  \n-Doesn’t it just make everyone feel (positive about…)?  \n-If you have a few hours to spare,…is worth seeing.  \n\n| Describing location\u003Cbr>-Located / Situated (just a few miles away from…), X is…\u003Cbr>-Built (just next to…), X is…\u003Cbr>-Some minutes from…, X is…\u003Cbr>Giving information\u003Cbr>-Throughout it history, X…\u003Cbr>-X is by far the oldest…\u003Cbr>-Y is the best known…\u003Cbr>-What is particular spectacular is…\u003Cbr>-Recent additions/changes include… | Giving your opinion\u003Cbr>-X is intended for youn(ger) people…\u003Cbr>-X is popular with (children)…\u003Cbr>-In fact, (NEGATIVE OPINION)\u003Cbr>-It’s clearly been a good idea to…\u003Cbr>Giving practical information\u003Cbr>-Anyone wishing to (apply)…can/should…\u003Cbr>-(We) participate in…/organise…/run…\u003Cbr>-(The club) offers/provides a range of (competitive matches for)…\u003Cbr>-One of the most popular (features of our club is)…\u003Cbr>-Members have the opportunity to…/…are able to |\n| --- | --- |\n\nAccuracy  \n-Never omit the subject pronoun: Many people believe IT is important to... I believe IT is a good idea study...  \n-Do not use unnecessary subject pronouns: This is a problem which ~~it~~ is essential to solve.  \n-Make sure the subject and the verb agree: Attracting tourists involves improving local facilities.(SINGULAR SUBJECT􀃆 attracting tourists + SINGULAR VERB􀃆 involves)  \nAttitude clauses and phrases  \nGenerally speaking,… Annoyingly,… Naturally,… Strangely,… Surprisingly,… Evidently,… Indeed,… In fact,… Admittedly,… Presumably,…  \nRELATED WORDS AND PHRASES  \nAGREEMENT  \n-A great number of people share the view that tourism will have a negative impact on the island.  \n-Today there is general / widespread agreement that pollution from cars and planes is threatening the future of our planet.  \n-It is now widely accepted that the universe began with the so-called 'big ban","cbCaiatD5IQOkXGZ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiatD5IQOkXGZ","pdf",699275,5,"English","# Formal writing (Reports and proposals)\n## Making recommendations and concluding\n## Style\n# Semi-formal writing\n## Addressing the reader\n## Describing location and giving information\n## Giving your opinion\n## Giving practical information\n## Accuracy and agreement phrases\n## Disagreement, advantages and disadvantages\n## Cause, effect, and emphasizing","[{\"question\":\"How should introductions in formal reports be written for CAE?\",\"answer\":\"Use clear reporting verbs and purposes, then state what the report outlines and what it is based on, e.g., “The main purpose/aim… is to outline/present/discuss…”.\"},{\"question\":\"What style rules are recommended for formal writing?\",\"answer\":\"Avoid contractions, use passive forms when possible, join ideas with relative clauses, and choose precise nouns instead of vague words like “things” or “something”.\"},{\"question\":\"Which structures help with semi-formal writing when addressing the reader?\",\"answer\":\"Use reader-focused questions and conditional prompts, and include practical and opinion language such as “As you know,” “If you want…,” and “It is worth seeing/considering…”.\"},{\"question\":\"How can writers improve accuracy in CAE semi-formal writing?\",\"answer\":\"Do not omit required subject pronouns, avoid unnecessary subject pronouns, and ensure subject-verb agreement, for example “Attracting tourists involves…” for a singular subject.\"}]","CAE Writing and Vocabulary - Useful Language | PDF",1790582803,13,{"code":4,"msg":86,"data":103},[104,108,112,115,119,124,129,134,139,142,146],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":105,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":107},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":109,"show_sort_weight":110,"slug":111},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},70,"exam",{"id":95,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":120,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":122,"slug":123},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":125,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":126,"show_sort_weight":127,"slug":128},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":130,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":131,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":133},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":135,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":136,"show_sort_weight":137,"slug":138},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":137,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":140,"show_sort_weight":137,"slug":141},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":143,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":144,"show_sort_weight":143,"slug":145},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":147,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":148,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":149},19,"General","general"]