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The brief emphasizes the need for schools to respond appropriately and take deliberate prevention actions, including when bullying is tied to race, ethnicity, national origin, sex, gender, religion, or disability status. It documents multiple Texas incidents involving discriminatory harassment and serious harm, then highlights risks to safety, belonging, and inclusion supported by survey findings from Texas parents and national research.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/bullying-and-harassment-in-texas-schools-policy-recommendations/585151/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/bullying-and-harassment-in-texas-schools-policy-recommendations/585151.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Maya Linwood","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"What is the core goal of the policy recommendations in this issue brief?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"To develop safe and healthy school environments by ensuring schools can respond appropriately to bullying and harassment and take deliberate steps to prevent it.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"What types of factors does the brief say bullying can be based on?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"Bullying can be based on or related to students’ race, ethnicity, national origin, sex, gender, religion, or disability status.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"What do survey findings cited in the brief suggest about risks for Texas students?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"Texas parents identify bullying as the greatest risk to safety, belonging, and inclusion, with especially high concern among Black and Latino parents about discrimination based on race or ethnicity.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},585151,1792079843,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":52,"language":138,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":139,"faqs":140,"seo_title":141,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":142,"read_time":143},962084928432,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Issue Brief  \nApril 2025  \nBullying and Harassment in Texas Schools  \nPolicy Recommendations  \nBy Paige Duggins-Clay, J.D., and Makiah Lyons, J.D.  \nTo develop safe and healthy school environments, schools must be able to respond to bullying and harassment appropriately and take deliberate action to prevent it. This includes incidents where the bullying taking place is based on or related to a student’s race, ethnicity, national origin, sex, gender, religion or disability status.  \nStudents across Texas have been increasingly reporting alarming examples of discriminatory bullying in schools – fueled in part by confusion and misinformation regarding curriculum, library, and staff training and professional development laws (Duggins-Clay & Lyons, 2024).  \n• In San Antonio, a middle school girl endured months of bullying, including homophobic slurs, body shaming, having her shoelaces tied together and being physically assaulted (Wright, 2024).  \n• In Crawford, parents filed a federal lawsuit with details of over two years. Their child with ADHD endured daily bullying, including verbal abuse, physical assaults, and sexual violence, such as being urinated on in the locker room, due to his small stature and perceived “lack of masculinity” from the bullies. (Guz, 2024)  \n• In Royse City, a 12-year-old girl with albinism and legal blindness faced persistent bullying, including racial slurs like the “N word.” She also had her mobility cane  \nbroken by her bullies. (Jones, 2024)  \n• In Gainesville, 11-year-old Jocelyn Rojo Carranza died by suicide after classmates bullied her with threats to call immigration authorities on her parents. Jocelyn’s death sparked a wave of grief and demands for accountability and more transparent communication between schools and families. (Albino, 2025)  \n• In Bryan, a 15-year-old autistic freshman was harassed when a group of students threw a trash can into his occupied bathroom stall while others laughed and recorded the incident. His family and other community members organized a silent protest demanding stronger anti-bullying measures and greater accountability from the district. (Surette, 2025)  \n• Black students in Lubbock have been called the “N-word” on a near-daily basis, frequently referred to as “porch monkeys,” forced to listen to other students making“monkey sounds” at them in class and told to “go pick cotton.” Students in one Lubbock middle school were subjected to the sounds of cracking whips as they walked through the halls. Another Black student, out of breath while working out during football practice, was taunted by other students jeering,“He can’t breathe like George Floyd.”(IDRA, 2022)  \n• In Mission, students sent a 13-year-old Black girl racist comments and photos, including photoshopping her face onto the image of Emmett Till’s mutilated body and onto a graphic image of a KKK lynching, circulating the content on social media (Bride, 2023).  \n• In Spring Branch, a mother reported that her son, who is black and has special needs,“was lured off campus and allegedly beaten by five white students who also attend the same high school” (Edsitty, 2019). The child sustained a concussion from the fight and was also the victim of social media threats that included a “meme insinuating that the student would be the victim of a school shooting, as well as a graphic photo of a lynching”(Solomon, 2019).  \n• In Southlake, a Jewish student reported repeatedly experiencing bullying about his facial features and “gas chambers” at school, which was so severe that he contemplated suicide and forced him out of the school system (Hixenbaugh, 2021).  \n• In  Plano, students called a 13-year-old Black boy racial slurs and beat him with a belt in the boy’s locker room. The student was so miserable, he quit the football team. Later, at a sleepover where the bullies were present, students shot him with a BB gun, slapped him and made him drink their urine. (Cronin, 2021)  \n• In Austin, students defaced student pa","cbCairAijFTbgZMh","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairAijFTbgZMh","pdf",531730,"English","# Issue Brief\n## April 2025\n## Bullying and Harassment in Texas Schools","[{\"question\":\"What is the core goal of the policy recommendations in this issue brief?\",\"answer\":\"To develop safe and healthy school environments by ensuring schools can respond appropriately to bullying and harassment and take deliberate steps to prevent it.\"},{\"question\":\"What types of factors does the brief say bullying can be based on?\",\"answer\":\"Bullying can be based on or related to students’ race, ethnicity, national origin, sex, gender, religion, or disability status.\"},{\"question\":\"What do survey findings cited in the brief suggest about risks for Texas students?\",\"answer\":\"Texas parents identify bullying as the greatest risk to safety, belonging, and inclusion, with especially high concern among Black and Latino parents about discrimination based on race or ethnicity.\"}]","Bullying and Harassment in Texas Schools - Policy Recommendations | PDF",1792053844,25]