[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-152437-en":3,"doc-seo-152437-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},152437,3848291630094,"Emma Wilson","https://eur-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45",9,"Religion & Spirituality","Brahmā Baka Sutta - Theme: A High God has wrong view - Translated by Piya Tan","Brahmā Baka Sutta (S 6.4) presents Brahmā Baka’s wrong view, contrasting his exalted status with doctrinal errors about escape beyond higher dhyana, the paths and fruits, and nirvana. The text explains the meaning and traditional associations of Baka’s name and recounts his past deeds that led to rebirth as a Brahmā. Commentarial sources trace his meditative development, successive rebirths across dhyana worlds, and later forgetfulness that results in an eternalist outlook.","6  \nBrahmā Baka Sutta The Discourse to Brahma Baka | S 6.4 Theme: A High God has wrong view Translated by Piya Tan ©2004  \n1 Brahmā Baka  \n1.1 His name. The name Baka means “crane” or “heron” in Epic Sanskrit and Pāli. In Indian tradition, the crane is regarded as a bird of cunning and deceit. Since this is the Brahmā’s name, he probably reflects some of his namesake’s quality as evident in the Brahmā Nimantanika Sutta (M 49) .1 His past lives, however, were quite illustrious.  \nThe Baka Brahma Jātaka (J 405) contains the same stanzas as those in the Brahmā Baka Sutta [6-10], mentioning a number of Baka’s past good deeds that brought him to be reborn as a Brahmā:  \n(1) Once, on seeing a caravan in distress in a desert, he used his supernatural powers to redirect a river into the dry desert which saved the travellers. [9 = v575]  \n(2) On another occasion, while he was staying on the bank of the river Enī, near a frontier village, he found the village being attacked by dacoits (bandits), whom he drove away by causing them to seethe royal authorities approaching with him at the head [9 = v576] .  \n(3) An incensed naga once attacked some merry-makers in boats, but Baka assumed the form of a garuda2 and frightened the naga away. [9 = v577] .  \n(4) The fourth incident mentioned above is related with more details in the Kesava Jātaka (J 346),3 which says that Baka was born into a kshatriya (noble) family, but he renounced the world as an ascetic named Kesava. The Bodhisattva, then known as Kappa, was Kesava’s pupil. [9 = v578]  \n1.2 The Commentaries—including Baka Brahmā Jātaka (J 405)—relate how Kesava, practising meditation, developed the fourth dhyana and was reborn in the Veha-p, phalā Brahmā world. At the end of his life-span there, he fell (cavati) into the third-dhyana Subhakiṇṇā world. Passing away from there, he was reborn in the 2nd-dhyana Abhassarā Brahmā world (where the lifespan is eight aeons), and, later, falling into the 1st dhyana, he was reborn in the same world, but with a life-span of only a single aeon. Baka, while living in Ābhassarā, forgot that he had fallen from higher Brahmā planes and had been reborn there and that he had lapsed into wrong view.4  \n1.3 The Majjhima Commentary and its Porāṇa Ṭīkā say that Brahmā Baka holds an eternalist view with regard to both his own personal individuality (sakkāya) and the world over which he lords.5 His claim that there is “no escape beyond” [4] is a rejection of the higher dhyana planes, the paths and fruits, and nirvana, none of which he even knows exists!  \n1 See SD 11.7.  \n2 In Buddhist mythology, the nāga is a spirit of the earth or water, when in physical form appears as a giant serpent, usually a cobra (and in Chinese mythology, evolved into the dragon, a spirit of the sky) . The garuḍa, also called supaṇṇa or suvaṇṇa, is a spirit of the air and sky (similar to the harpies of Greek mythology) . During the 6th week of the Great Awakening, it is said that the serpent-king (nāga,rāja) Mucalinda emerged from his subterranean abode and coiled around the meditating Buddha’s body seven times, spread his hood over him to shelter him from a violent storm that had arisen (V 1:2) . The garuda is the naga’s mortal enemy and the naga’s greatest joy if to be free from attacks from the garuda (J 4:463) .  \n3 See next section.  \n4 J 405/3:359-363; MA 2:409; SA 1:208 f.  \n5 MA 2:409; MAṬ:Be 2:311 .  \n98  [http://dharmafarer.org](http://dharmafarer.org)  \nS [1.6.1.4](1.6.1.4) Saṁyutta Nikāya 1, Sagātha Vagga 6, Brahma Saṁyutta 1, Paṭhama Vagga 4  \n2 Kesava Jātaka  \n2.1 The Kesava Jātaka (J 346)6 says that Baka was born into a kshatriya (noble) family, but he renounced the world as an ascetic named Kesava, who lived in Himavā (Himalayas) with five hundred pupils. The Bodhisattva, having been born as Kappa, a brahmin of Kāsī, joined him and became his senior pupil. When the ascetics went to Benares for salt and vinegar, the king lodged them in his park and fed them. When they returne","cbCaieyo4J41t9iN","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieyo4J41t9iN","pdf",211749,1,10,"English","en",105,"# Brahmā Baka\n## His name and past lives\n## Commentaries on meditation and rebirth\n# Kesava Jātaka\n## Kesava’s ascetic life and healing story\n## Dhammapada Commentary differences\n# Related suttas\n## Sutta location\n## The Brahmā Baka Sutta","[{\"question\":\"Why is Brahmā Baka’s name discussed in the sutta?\",\"answer\":\"Baka means “crane” or “heron,” associated in tradition with cunning and deceit. The discussion connects this symbolism to qualities reflected in Brahmā Baka’s story.\"},{\"question\":\"What wrong view is attributed to Brahmā Baka?\",\"answer\":\"He holds an eternalist stance about personal individuality and the world he rules. His claim of “no escape beyond” rejects higher dhyana planes, paths and fruits, and nirvana.\"},{\"question\":\"How do the commentaries explain Brahmā Baka’s rebirth trajectory?\",\"answer\":\"They describe Kesava developing the fourth dhyana and being reborn in Brahmā worlds, then falling to lower dhyana worlds. Forgetting that fall, he later lapses into wrong view while living in the Abhassarā Brahmā world.\"}]","Brahmā Baka Sutta - Theme: A High God has wrong view - Translated by Piya Tan | PDF",1787861555,25,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"brahma-baka-sutta-theme-a-high-god-has-wrong-view-translated-by-piya-tan","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,54,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/religion-spirituality/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/brahma-baka-sutta-theme-a-high-god-has-wrong-view-translated-by-piya-tan/152437/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":41,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-27",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"Why is Brahmā Baka’s name discussed in the sutta?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"Baka means “crane” or “heron,” associated in tradition with cunning and deceit. The discussion connects this symbolism to qualities reflected in Brahmā Baka’s story.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"What wrong view is attributed to Brahmā Baka?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"He holds an eternalist stance about personal individuality and the world he rules. His claim of “no escape beyond” rejects higher dhyana planes, paths and fruits, and nirvana.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"How do the commentaries explain Brahmā Baka’s rebirth trajectory?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"They describe Kesava developing the fourth dhyana and being reborn in Brahmā worlds, then falling to lower dhyana worlds. Forgetting that fall, he later lapses into wrong view while living in the Abhassarā Brahmā world.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":59,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,110,115,120,125,128,131,134],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":53,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":121,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":122,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":124},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":132,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":133},"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":135,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":136,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":137},19,"General","general"]