[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-542825-105":59,"doc-detail-542825-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","blueberries-and-cardiovascular-disease-prevention","Blueberries and cardiovascular disease prevention","","Blueberries provide abundant (poly)phenols, especially anthocyanins, and observational studies link anthocyanin-rich intake with lower cardiovascular disease risk. Evidence from randomized controlled trials shows improved biomarkers of cardiovascular risk, with the strongest effects seen in flow-mediated dilation across study durations and populations. Benefits are less consistent for blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and blood lipids, possibly reflecting heterogeneity in study design and participant health status. Further long-term trials using gold-standard methods and studies clarifying metabolite bioactivity and mechanisms are needed to strengthen the evidence.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/blueberries-and-cardiovascular-disease-prevention/542825/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/blueberries-and-cardiovascular-disease-prevention/542825.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Kyle","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-10-11",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What component of blueberries is most associated with cardiovascular benefits?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Blueberries are rich in (poly)phenols, particularly anthocyanins, which are linked to reduced cardiovascular disease risk.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which cardiovascular outcomes show clearer improvements in trials?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Randomized controlled trials support improvements in cardiovascular risk biomarkers, especially flow-mediated dilation across different timeframes and study populations.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why are some outcomes like blood pressure and arterial stiffness less consistent?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Inconsistent effects may result from heterogeneity in study design (such as intervention duration) and differences in participants' health status.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},542825,1791829491,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985741905716,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","Pu on 19 November 2019. Downloaded by University of Georgiablished on 1/3/2020 12:40:37 PM .  \nFood & Function  \nREVIEW  \nView Article Online View Journal | View Issue  \nCite this: Food Funct., 2019, 10, 7621  \nReceived 30th September 2019,  \nAccepted 17th November 2019 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02291k[rsc.li/food-function](rsc.li/food-function)  \nBlueberries and cardiovascular disease prevention  \nEleanor Wood,a Sabine Hein,a,b Christian Heiss,c,d Claire Williams  b and Ana Rodriguez-Mateos  *a  \nBlueberries are a rich source of (poly)phenols, particularly anthocyanins. Epidemiological studies indicate that anthocyanin-rich foods including blueberries are associated with a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular disease. These observational findings are supported by a number of randomized-controlled trials showing improvements in biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk. The beneficial effects of blueberry (poly)phenols are particularly clear when measuring flow-mediated dilation over various timeframes and study populations. However, other outcomes are less clear, such as effects on blood pressure, arterial stiffness and blood lipid profile. This may be due to the heterogeneity existing in study designs, such as duration of the intervention, and the health status of participants. Longer-term RCTs using gold standard methods in relevant populations which can be translated to the general public are needed to clarify and strengthen the evidence available. While circulating phenolic blueberry metabolites have been linked with improvements in vascular function, the biological activities and mechanisms of action of individual metabolites and their interaction in vivo are still unknown. Evaluating the bioactivities of metabolites alone and together, and analysing their structure–activity relationship in well-designed and physiologically relevant experimental and human studies are needed to understand the mechanisms of how these metabolites affect vascular function.  \nIntroduction  \nThe health benefits of blueberries are of particular interest of late due to their high content of phytochemicals known as (poly)phenols (Table 1) .1 Several epidemiological studies suggest that the high (poly)phenol content of blueberries, particularly a subclass known as anthocyanins, may be responsible for their cardiovascular health benefits.2,3 Recent metaanalyses and systematic reviews of randomised-control trials (RCTs) support that anthocyanin-rich foods such as berries can improve endothelial function, blood pressure and arterial stiffness,4–7 lower fasting and postprandial glucose, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol,8–10 and may reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) via these routes. The aim of the current review is to discuss the current evidence from epidemiological studies and RCTs on the effects of blueberries on CVD risk.  \naDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, UK.  \nE-mail: [ana.rodriguez-mateos@kcl.ac.uk](ana.rodriguez-mateos@kcl.ac.uk); Fax: +44(0) 207 848 4349;  \nTel: +44(0) 207 848 4349  \nbSchool of Psychology & Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, UK c University of Surrey, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Guildford, UK dSurrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill, UK  \n(Poly)phenol content of blueberries  \nBlueberries are of particular interest of late as they are high in micronutrients, fibre and (poly)phenols but low in calories (Table 1) . Blueberries are one of the most commonly consumed, and most widely studied berries and are a rich source  \n\n| Table 1 Nutrient composition of blueberries25,73 |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| Nutrients | Amount per 100 g fresh weight |\n\nEnergy (kcal) Carbohydrate Fat  \nProtein Dietary fibre (g)  \nPotassium (mg)  \nFructose (g)  \nTotal beta carotene (µg) Vitamin C (mg)  \nCalcium (mg)  \nIron (mg)  \nVitamin E (mg)  \nVitamin B1 (mg  \nVitamin B2 (mg)  \nVitamin B6 (mg) Phosphorus (mg) Magn","cbCaiqjzqGqAgKmv","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqjzqGqAgKmv","pdf",1401803,13,"English","# Introduction\n## (Poly)phenol content of blueberries","[{\"question\":\"What component of blueberries is most associated with cardiovascular benefits?\",\"answer\":\"Blueberries are rich in (poly)phenols, particularly anthocyanins, which are linked to reduced cardiovascular disease risk.\"},{\"question\":\"Which cardiovascular outcomes show clearer improvements in trials?\",\"answer\":\"Randomized controlled trials support improvements in cardiovascular risk biomarkers, especially flow-mediated dilation across different timeframes and study populations.\"},{\"question\":\"Why are some outcomes like blood pressure and arterial stiffness less consistent?\",\"answer\":\"Inconsistent effects may result from heterogeneity in study design (such as intervention duration) and differences in participants' health status.\"}]","Blueberries and cardiovascular disease prevention | PDF",1791755224,33]