[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-113404-en":3,"doc-seo-113404-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},113404,687197207057,"Sage","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0",8,"Research & Report","Blue Skies, Blue Seas - Air Pollution, Marine Plastics, and Coastal Erosion in the Middle East and North Africa - Overview","Overview booklet for the World Bank’s MENA Development Report series that focuses on interconnected environmental pressures across the Middle East and North Africa. It addresses air pollution, marine plastics, and coastal erosion as linked development challenges, presenting synthesized findings and peer-reviewed analysis. The text includes authorship, series framing, and publication rights information under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license, with guidance on citation and conditions for reuse, translation, and adaptation.","Authorized Pub l ic Disclosure Authorized  \nOVERVIEW  \nM I D D L E E A S T A N D N O R T H A F R I C A  \nD E V E L O P M E N T R E P O R T  \nBlue Skies, Blue Seas  \nAir Pollution, Marine Plastics, and Coastal Erosion in the Middle East and North Africa  \nPub lic Disclosure Author ized Pub lic Disclosure  \nPub lic Disc losure Authorized  \nMartin Philipp Heger, Lukas Vashold, Anabella Palacios, Mala Alahmadi,  \nMarjory-Anne Bromhead, and Marcelo Acerbi  \nMENA DEVELOPMENT REPORT  \nBlue Skies, Blue Seas  \nAir Pollution, Marine Plastics, and Coastal Erosion in the Middle East and North Africa  \nOverview  \nMartin Philipp Heger, Lukas Vashold, Anabella Palacios, Mala Alahmadi, Marjory-Anne Bromhead, and Marcelo Acerbi  \nThis booklet contains the overview, as well as a list of contents, from Blue Skies, Blue Seas: Air Pollution, Marine Plastics, and Coastal Erosion in the Middle East and North Africa. doi: 10.1596/978-1-1218-7. A PDF of the final book, once published, will be available at [https://](https://)[ ](https://)[openknowledge.worldbank.org/ and](openknowledge.worldbank.org/ and) [http://documents.worldbank.org/](http://documents.worldbank.org/), and print copies can be [ordered at www.amazon.com. Please use the final version of the book for citation](ordered at www.amazon.com. Please use the final version of the book for citation), reproduction, and adaptation purposes.  \n© 2022 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433  \nTelephone: 202-473-1000; [Internet: www.worldbank.org](Internet: www.worldbank.org)[ ](Internet: www.worldbank.org)Some rights reserved  \nThis work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or currency of the data included in this work and does not assume responsibility for any errors, omissions, or discrepancies in the information, or liability with respect to the use ofor failure to use the information, methods, processes, or conclusions set forth. The boundaries, çcolors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.  \nNothing herein shall constitute or be construed or considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.  \nRights and Permissions  \nThis work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under) the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions:  \nAttribution—Please cite the work as follows: Heger, Martin Philipp, Lukas Vashold, Anabella Palacios, Mala Alahmadi, Marjory-Anne Bromhead, and Marcelo Acerbi. 2022. “Blue Skies, Blue Seas: Air Pollution, Marine Plastics, and Coastal Erosion in the Middle East and North Africa.” Overview booklet. World Bank, Washington, DC. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO  \nTranslations—If you create a translation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This translation was not created by The World Bank and should not be considered an official World Bank translation. The World Bank shall not be liable for any content or error in this translation.  \nAdaptations—If you create an adaptation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This is an adaptation of an original work by The World Bank. Views and opinions ex","cbCaidEVcG6t1CDc","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidEVcG6t1CDc","pdf",2193207,1,34,"English","en",105,"# Overview\n## Blue Skies, Blue Seas - Focus Areas\n## MENA Development Report Series\n## Rights and Permissions","[{\"question\":\"What topics does Blue Skies, Blue Seas cover in the Middle East and North Africa?\",\"answer\":\"It covers air pollution, marine plastics, and coastal erosion, treating them as related environmental challenges in the region.\"},{\"question\":\"Who are the listed authors for this overview booklet?\",\"answer\":\"Martin Philipp Heger, Lukas Vashold, Anabella Palacios, Mala Alahmadi, Marjory-Anne Bromhead, and Marcelo Acerbi.\"},{\"question\":\"What license governs reuse of this work?\",\"answer\":\"The booklet is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO (CC BY 3.0 IGO), with attribution and conditions for copy, distribute, and adapt.\"}]",1784504020,86,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":33,"description":14,"schema_data":34,"social_meta":85,"head_meta":87,"extra_data":89,"updated_unix":27},"blue-skies-blue-seas-air-pollution-marine-plastics-and-coastal-erosion-in-the-middle-east-and-north-africa-overview","",{"@graph":35,"@context":84},[36,53,67],{"@type":37,"itemListElement":38},"BreadcrumbList",[39,43,47,50],{"item":40,"name":41,"@type":42,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":44,"name":45,"@type":42,"position":46},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":42,"position":49},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":42,"position":52},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/blue-skies-blue-seas-air-pollution-marine-plastics-and-coastal-erosion-in-the-middle-east-and-north-africa-overview/113404/",4,{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":40,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-19",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70,76,80],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"What topics does Blue Skies, Blue Seas cover in the Middle East and North Africa?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"It covers air pollution, marine plastics, and coastal erosion, treating them as related environmental challenges in the region.","Answer",{"name":77,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":78},"Who are the listed authors for this overview booklet?",{"text":79,"@type":75},"Martin Philipp Heger, Lukas Vashold, Anabella Palacios, Mala Alahmadi, Marjory-Anne Bromhead, and Marcelo Acerbi.",{"name":81,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":82},"What license governs reuse of this work?",{"text":83,"@type":75},"The booklet is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO (CC BY 3.0 IGO), with attribution and conditions for copy, distribute, and adapt.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":51,"og:type":86,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":58,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":88,"canonical":51},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":91},[92,96,100,104,109,114,119,122,127,130,134],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":101,"show_sort_weight":102,"slug":103},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":105,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":106,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":120,"slug":121},30,"research-report",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":125,"slug":126},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":125,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":125,"slug":129},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":131,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":132,"show_sort_weight":131,"slug":133},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":135,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":136,"show_sort_weight":105,"slug":137},19,"General","general"]