[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-109007-en":3,"doc-seo-109007-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},109007,1099514068365,"Aurelia","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/10000253d8d9f28188e?_k=1776742907772140068",8,"Research & Report","Blue Public Expenditure Review - Guidance Note - read online free","This guidance note explains the purpose and role of a Blue Public Expenditure Review (PER) in the World Bank Group’s Blue Economy agenda. It outlines how public spending can be assessed and adjusted to support sustainability, improve oversight of coastal and marine resources, and address environmental degradation, framed as blue natural capital. The note emphasizes that a Blue PER does not replace strategy development, but informs it by mapping current actions, checking performance against metrics, and identifying where budgets need minor or major shifts.","Blue   \nPublic  \nExpenditure  \nReview  \nGuidance Note  \nPub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized  \nAuthors:  \nThe Blue Public Expenditure Review: Guidance Note was developed by Stefano Pagiola, Senior Economist, Miguel Angel Jorge, Senior Fisheries Specialist, and Juliana CastañoIsaza, Natural Resources Management Specialist.  \nAcknowledgments:  \nThe Blue Public Expenditure Review: Guidance Note was produced with financial support from PROBLUE, a multi-donor trust fund administered by the World Bank that supports the sustainable and integrated development of marine and coastal resources in healthy oceans. This analytical work is linked to the Blue Economy Development Framework (P167405) . The team expresses its gratitude to the PROFISH and PROBLUE multi-donor trust funds, for financing this product. The team especially wishes to thank Karin Kemper, Global Director, Christian Peter, Practice Manager, Charlotte de Fontaubert, Blue Economy Global Lead and PROBLUE Manager, and Sylvia Michele Diez, Senior Environmental Specialist, for their leadership and guidance.  \nThe authors extend their gratitude to the World Bank peer reviewers Lars Sondergaard, Program Leader, Geoff Handley, Senior Public Sector Specialist, Andrew Blackman, Economist, and Mimako Kobayashi, Senior Environmental Economist.  \nDisclaimer:  \nThis volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.  \nCopyright Statement:  \nThe material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. All queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA, fax 202-522-2422, e-mail [pubrights@worldbank.org](pubrights@worldbank.org).  \nCitation:  \nWorld Bank. 2021.“Blue Public Expenditure Review Guidance Note”.  \nNote:  \nThis version of the Blue PER Guidance Note incorporates responses to comments received during a virtual Review Meeting held on 21-27 September 2019. The Note will be continuously updated in light of experience with conducting Blue PERs.  \nFor more information please contact:  \n[problue@worldbank.org](problue@worldbank.org)[ ](problue@worldbank.org)[www.worldbank.org/problue](www.worldbank.org/problue)  \n2  \nContents  \nAcronyms and abbreviations 4  \n| Introduction |  |\n| --- | --- |\n|  | 5 |\n|  |  |\n| Key questions |  |\n|  | 6 |\n|  |  |\n\nSECTION 1  \n8  \nBackground and Overview of the Blue Economy  \nSECTION 4  \n22  \nEfficiency and Effectiveness  \nSECTION 2  \n13  \nOverview of Blue  \nFinancing and Spending  \nSECTION 5  \n24  \nFinancial Accountability  \nSECTION 3  \n17  \nAdequacy and Sustainability  \nSECTION 6  \n26  \nEquity  \n\n| Conclusion |  |\n| --- | --- |\n|  | 27 |\n|  |  |\n\nAcronyms and abbreviations  \nCOED Cost of Environmental Degradation  \nGDP Gross Domestic Product  \nLDC Least Developed Country  \nMFI Multilateral Financial Institution  \nNGO Non-Governmental Organization  \nPEIR Public Expenditure and Institutional Review  \nPER Public Expenditure Review  \nPES Payments for Ecosystem Services  \nPFM Public Financial Management","cbCaifWoqx4pOxvd","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifWoqx4pOxvd","pdf",1429258,4,1,30,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n## Objectives of a Public Expenditure Review\n## Scope of a Blue PER\n# Key questions\n# SECTION 1 - Background and Overview of the Blue Economy\n# SECTION 2 - Overview of Blue Financing and Spending\n# SECTION 3 - Adequacy and Sustainability\n# SECTION 4 - Efficiency and Effectiveness\n# SECTION 5 - Financial Accountability\n# SECTION 6 - Equity\n# Conclusion","[{\"question\":\"What is the overall objective of a Public Expenditure Review (PER) in this guidance note?\",\"answer\":\"The PER objective is to provide information on how public expenditures are used and how to adjust spending to help generate sustainability.\"},{\"question\":\"How does a Blue PER define the Blue Economy and its relevance to public spending?\",\"answer\":\"It defines the Blue Economy as the sustainable and integrated development of economic sectors in healthy oceans, and links climate change to harnessing and protecting its potential through thoughtful allocation of public resources.\"},{\"question\":\"What does a Blue PER do, and what does it not do?\",\"answer\":\"A Blue PER analyzes how public expenditures are used to address oversight issues for coastal and marine resources and related development aspirations. It does not develop a Blue Economy strategy by itself; it informs such efforts alongside other analytical work.\"}]","Blue Public Expenditure Review - Guidance Note - read online free | PDF",1784475823,76,{"code":4,"msg":32,"data":33},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":34,"title":13,"keywords":35,"description":14,"schema_data":36,"social_meta":87,"head_meta":89,"extra_data":91,"updated_unix":29},"blue-public-expenditure-review-guidance-note-read-online-free","",{"@graph":37,"@context":86},[38,54,69],{"@type":39,"itemListElement":40},"BreadcrumbList",[41,45,49,52],{"item":42,"name":43,"@type":44,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":46,"name":47,"@type":44,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":50,"name":12,"@type":44,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":53,"name":13,"@type":44,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/blue-public-expenditure-review-guidance-note-read-online-free/109007/",{"url":53,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":63,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":64,"interactionStatistic":65},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":42,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-29","2026-07-19",true,{"@type":66,"interactionType":67,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":68},"ViewAction",{"@type":70,"mainEntity":71},"FAQPage",[72,78,82],{"name":73,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":75},"What is the overall objective of a Public Expenditure Review (PER) in this guidance note?","Question",{"text":76,"@type":77},"The PER objective is to provide information on how public expenditures are used and how to adjust spending to help generate sustainability.","Answer",{"name":79,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":80},"How does a Blue PER define the Blue Economy and its relevance to public spending?",{"text":81,"@type":77},"It defines the Blue Economy as the sustainable and integrated development of economic sectors in healthy oceans, and links climate change to harnessing and protecting its potential through thoughtful allocation of public resources.",{"name":83,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":84},"What does a Blue PER do, and what does it not do?",{"text":85,"@type":77},"A Blue PER analyzes how public expenditures are used to address oversight issues for coastal and marine resources and related development aspirations. 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