[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-333084-105":59,"doc-detail-333084-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","block-copolymer-self-assembly-during-rapid-solvent-evaporation-insights-into-cylinder-growth-and-stability","Block Copolymer Self Assembly during Rapid Solvent Evaporation: Insights into Cylinder Growth and Stability","","Solvent evaporation directs block-copolymer self-assembly, but microscopic mechanisms and how processing history and control parameters govern pattern selection remain unclear. Using dynamical field theory simulations, the study clarifies the evaporation-stage evolution. Cylinders oriented vertically are favored at modest evaporation rates and weaker segregation strengths, tied to morphology-dependent density correlations at the ordering front. The results support rational design of solvent-annealing systems.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/block-copolymer-self-assembly-during-rapid-solvent-evaporation-insights-into-cylinder-growth-and-stability/333084/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/block-copolymer-self-assembly-during-rapid-solvent-evaporation-insights-into-cylinder-growth-and-stability/333084.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Putri","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-06","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What method is used to study copolymer self-assembly during evaporation?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The work leverages dynamical field theory simulations to model the self-assembly process while solvent evaporates.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Under what conditions do vertical cylinders tend to form?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Vertical cylinders are predicted for modest evaporation rates combined with relatively weak segregation strengths.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What factor links cylinder formation to microscopic behavior?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The study connects cylinder orientation to morphology-dependent density correlations present at the ordering front during evaporation.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},333084,1790557515,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":24,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},962085571259,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Letter  \n[pubs.acs.org/macroletters](pubs.acs.org/macroletters)  \nBlock Copolymer Self Assembly during Rapid Solvent Evaporation: Insights into Cylinder Growth and Stability  \nSean P. Paradiso,† Kris T. Delaney,‡ Carlos J. García-Cervera,§ Hector D. Ceniceros,§ and Glenn H. Fredrickson *,†,‡  \n†Department of Chemical Engineering, ‡Materials Research Laboratory, Materials Department, and §Department of Mathematics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93016, United States  \n*S Supporting Information  \n\n| ABSTRACT: Solvent evaporation has proven to be a remarkably successful tool for directing self-assembly in block copolymers, yet the microscopic mechanisms, processing history dependence and macroscopic control parameters influencing pattern selection remain poorly understood. Here, we leverage dynamical field theory simulations to clarify how copolymer self-assembly proceeds during evaporation. We find that cylinders in the vertical orientation tend to form under modest evaporation rates and relatively weak segregation strengths, and link this behavior to nontrivial, morphology-dependent density correlations present at the ordering front. | |\n| --- | --- |\n|  |  |\n\nBlock copolymers have emerged over the past decade as a  \nversatile platform for a wide range of thin-film technologies including nanofiltration,1 optical coatings,2 and lithography.3 For applications that require patterning nanoscopic pores, such as separation membranes or lithographic masks, cylinder morphologies oriented vertically (C⊥) are required, but often not thermodynamically preferred. In order to meet these design constraints, researchers have turned to solvent-mediated annealing techniques, which offer a number of advantages over conventional thermal annealing, including enhanced defect annihilation kinetics and additional interaction handles for tuning film morphology.4−10 Still, with the notable exception of works by Osuji and others deploying pressuredriven solvent flows,11,12 these techniques can, at best, only mitigate the thermodynamic driving force for forming lying-  \ndown cylinders ( C ∥ ), orientation. In their  \nnot actively promote a vertical seminal work, Kim and Libera 13  \ndemonstrated that more direct influence over morphology orientation can be achieved by controlling the rate at which solvent-cast films are dried. In their experiments, the equilibrium C ∥ rphology was observed for modest eswelling rates ( 0.001 mm/min), while increasing to  \n0.003 mm/min led to an unexpected reorientation to C⊥ persisting over a large area. In the wake of this and subsequent work,7,9 an expectation has developed that rapid evaporation actively drives the growth of vertical cylinders, 14 which an earlier theoretical treatment appears to support.15 More recent evidence, however, indicates that the degree of perpendicular ordering weakens with increasing evaporation rate beyond a certain threshold.16 After over a decade of experience, there is still no consistent picture of evaporation-induced ordering in block copolymer systems. While many factors conspire to obscure the fundamental forces involved in this process, slow  \ndevelopment is attributed in large part to the black box nature of self-assembly during the solvent removal step.17 Here, we use a dynamical extension of self-consistent field theory simulations (SI for details) to describe this process and provide a rational basis for designing solvent annealing systems.  \nOur model describes the self-assembly dynamics of monodisperse diblock copolymers, comprised of chemically distinct A and B type segments in a good, neutral solvent, S.  \nPolymers in the theory chains with total length  \nare described by continuous Gaussian N, unperturbed coil radius Rg ∼ √N,  \nand minority A-block fraction fA. All species in the model interact through local, Flory-type contact potentials with strength χABN, χASN, and χBSN for polymer−polymer and polymer−solvent interactions, respectively. 18−20  \nWhen a droplet o","cbCaiftAPELU260E","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiftAPELU260E","pdf",887444,"English","# Abstract\n# Overview and motivation\n# Model and interactions\n## Evaporation kinetics and Hertz-Knudsen flux\n# Simulation setup and morphological trends\n## Dependence on evaporation rate and segregation strength","[{\"question\":\"What method is used to study copolymer self-assembly during evaporation?\",\"answer\":\"The work leverages dynamical field theory simulations to model the self-assembly process while solvent evaporates.\"},{\"question\":\"Under what conditions do vertical cylinders tend to form?\",\"answer\":\"Vertical cylinders are predicted for modest evaporation rates combined with relatively weak segregation strengths.\"},{\"question\":\"What factor links cylinder formation to microscopic behavior?\",\"answer\":\"The study connects cylinder orientation to morphology-dependent density correlations present at the ordering front during evaporation.\"}]","Block Copolymer Self Assembly during Rapid Solvent Evaporation: Insights into Cylinder Growth and Stability | PDF",1790000794,13]