[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-440550-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":85,"doc-detail-440550-en":134},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":78,"head_meta":80,"extra_data":82,"updated_unix":84},105,"en","bleomycin-sclerotherapy-for-venous-vascular-malformations-of-the-tongue","Bleomycin sclerotherapy for venous vascular malformations of the tongue","","Venous vascular malformations (VVMs) are congenital vascular anomalies that often impair quality of life through discomfort, swelling, and functional limitations. This retrospective study assesses percutaneous bleomycin sclerotherapy for symptomatic tongue VVMs in a single institution over 2004–2024. A total of 140 procedures in 36 patients were analyzed using patient-reported outcomes and MRI when available. Results showed 93.8% subjective symptom improvement, 64.3% lesion reduction on follow-up imaging, and minimal complications, mainly transient swelling.",{"@graph":14,"@context":77},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/bleomycin-sclerotherapy-for-venous-vascular-malformations-of-the-tongue/440550/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/bleomycin-sclerotherapy-for-venous-vascular-malformations-of-the-tongue/440550.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"LangkahRina","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",9,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69,73],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What is the purpose of this study on bleomycin sclerotherapy for tongue VVMs?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"The study evaluates the efficacy of percutaneous bleomycin sclerotherapy for symptomatic venous vascular malformations of the tongue, with emphasis on patient experiences and satisfaction.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How was the treatment administered and how were outcomes assessed?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Sclerotherapy was performed under general anesthesia with fluoroscopic guidance and negative subtraction technique. Outcomes were assessed using subjective patient reports and MRI when available.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What were the main results regarding symptom improvement and imaging findings?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Among 140 procedures in 36 patients, 93.8% showed subjective symptom improvement. Follow-up imaging in 14 patients confirmed lesion reduction in nine (64.3%).",{"name":74,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":75},"Were there significant complications after the procedure?",{"text":76,"@type":64},"Complications were minimal, with transient swelling reported as the most common post-procedural issue.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":79,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":81,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":83,"site_id":7},440550,1791316680,{"code":4,"msg":86,"data":87},"success",[88,92,96,100,105,110,114,119,123,126,130],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":121,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":125},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":127,"slug":129},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":131,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":132,"show_sort_weight":101,"slug":133},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":86,"data":135},{"doc_id":83,"user_id":136,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":137,"doc_module":4,"category_id":111,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":138,"file_id":139,"file_url":140,"file_type":141,"file_size":142,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":106,"language":143,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":144,"faqs":145,"seo_title":146,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":147,"read_time":148,"preview_page_count":4},962090893776,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Head and neck  \nOriginal research  \nBleomycin sclerotherapy for venous vascular malformations of the tongue  \nNoaAgid  , Ze’ev Itsekzon, Eef J Hendriks, Karel Terbrugge, Ronit Agid  \nDivision of Neuroradiology, Toronto Western Hospital, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network,  \nUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada  \nCorrespondence to  \nMs Noa Agid; noaagid@gmail. com  \nReceived 3 November 2024 Accepted 11 December 2024  \n© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group.  \nTo cite: Agid N, Itsekzon Zv, Hendriks EJ, et al. J NeuroIntervent Surg Epub ahead of print: [please include Day Month Year] . doi:10 . 1136/jnis-2024- 022713  \nABSTRACT  \nBackground Venous vascular malformations (VVMs) are congenital vascular anomalies, often impacting quality of life due to discomfort, swelling, and functional impairments. This study evaluates the efficacy of bleomycin sclerotherapy as a treatment for symptomatic VVMs of the tongue.  \nMethods We conducted a retrospective review of all patients treated with this method in our institution between 2004 and 2024. Sclerotherapy procedures were performed under general anesthesia in theneuroangiography suite with fluoroscopic guidance using a negative subtraction technique. Outcomes were assessed through subjective patient reports and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) where available. Results In total, 140 percutaneous bleomycin sclerotherapy procedures were performed on 36 patients (aged 19–80) with tongue VVMs. On average, patients required 2.06±1 .8 treatment sessions and  \n2. 29±1 .4 procedures per session. The average interval between treatment sessions was 28.6±19 .4 months. Per procedure, the total units of bleomycin injected was 11. 2±3 .9 mg/mL (2–15 mg/mL) . Results revealed that 93 .8% of procedures yielded subjective symptom improvement. Follow-up imaging was available in 14 patients and confirmed lesion reduction in nine (64 . 3%) . Post-procedural complications were minimal, with transient swelling as the most common.  \nConclusion Percutaneous bleomycin sclerotherapy presents an effective, well-tolerated treatment for tongue VVMs, offering significant symptom relief. To our knowledge, this study represents the largest retrospective series of bleomycin sclerotherapy for tongue VVMs to date. Our findings support bleomycin sclerotherapy as a valuable option for managing VVMs in this challenging anatomical site.  \nINTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND  \nVenous vascular malformations (VVMs) are a typeof congenital vascular anomaly resulting from abnormal vein development. These malformations may either be completely isolated from or have connections with normal venous structures. VVMs are characterized by irregularly formed vascular channels lined by flattened endothelial cells, and a propensity for slow venous blood flow.1 2  \nVVMs represent the most prevalent category of vascular anomalies and can occur throughout the body, although they are most frequently observed in the head and neck regions. Although these lesions are classified as congenital, they may become clinically apparent at any stage of life. Clinically,  \nWHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC  \n\n| ⇒ Sclerotherapy is an established treatment for venous vascular malformations (VVMs) of the head and neck. However, information on the use of bleomycin sclerotherapy for tongue lesions is limited, particularly regarding patient satisfaction and outcomes.\u003Cbr>WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS |\n| --- |\n| ⇒ Bleomycin sclerotherapy is an effective treatment for venous vascular malformations of the tongue, with low complication rates and high patient satisfaction.\u003Cbr>HOW THIS STUDY MIGHT AFFECT RESEARCH, PRACTICE OR POLICY |\n\n⇒ Bleomycin sclerotherapy offers a promising option to enhance the quality of life for patients with tongue VVMs, by reducing the size of the malformations and other associated symptoms, as perceived by patie","cbCaimJFrnL55bn8","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimJFrnL55bn8","pdf",814154,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction and Background\n## What is already known on this topic\n## What this study adds\n## How this study might affect research, practice or policy\n# Methods","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of this study on bleomycin sclerotherapy for tongue VVMs?\",\"answer\":\"The study evaluates the efficacy of percutaneous bleomycin sclerotherapy for symptomatic venous vascular malformations of the tongue, with emphasis on patient experiences and satisfaction.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the treatment administered and how were outcomes assessed?\",\"answer\":\"Sclerotherapy was performed under general anesthesia with fluoroscopic guidance and negative subtraction technique. Outcomes were assessed using subjective patient reports and MRI when available.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the main results regarding symptom improvement and imaging findings?\",\"answer\":\"Among 140 procedures in 36 patients, 93.8% showed subjective symptom improvement. Follow-up imaging in 14 patients confirmed lesion reduction in nine (64.3%).\"},{\"question\":\"Were there significant complications after the procedure?\",\"answer\":\"Complications were minimal, with transient swelling reported as the most common post-procedural issue.\"}]","Bleomycin sclerotherapy for venous vascular malformations of the tongue | PDF",1790692495,15]