[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-116194-en":3,"doc-seo-116194-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},116194,34359740700684,"Finn","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/1f400023980c374ae676?_k=1777273430885731487",2,"Literature","Black Gotham - Family History of African Americans in Nineteenth-Century New York City","Black Gotham by Carla L. Peterson presents an intergenerational family history of African Americans in nineteenth-century New York City, tracing how memory and documented lives illuminate broader community development. The work moves across Lower Manhattan and later Brooklyn, connecting schools, neighborhood building, social conditions, and major civic upheavals to individual biographies. It also frames the historical record through language discussion, notes, and scholarly references, offering a structured narrative that links personal archives to public history.","[OceanofPDF.com](OceanofPDF.com)  \nBlack Gotham  \n[OceanofPDF.com](OceanofPDF.com)  \nBlack Gotham  \nAFamily History of African Americans in Nineteenth-Century New York City  \nCARLA L. PETERSON  \n[OceanofPDF.com](OceanofPDF.com)  \nCopyright © 2011 by Carla L. Peterson.  \nAll rights reserved.  \nThis book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including illustrations, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from the publishers.  \nYale University Press books may be purchased in quantity for educational, business, or promotional use. For information, please e-mail [sales.press@yale.edu](sales.press@yale.edu) ([U.S. office](U.S. office)) or [sales@yaleup.co.uk](sales@yaleup.co.uk) ([U.K. office](U.K. office)).  \nDesigned by Sonia Shannon. Set in Caslon type by Tseng Information Systems, Inc.  \nPrinted in the United States of America.  \nLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Peterson, Carla L., 1944– Black Gotham: a family history of African Americans in nineteenth-century New York City / Carla L. Peterson.  \n[p. cm](p. cm).  \nIncludes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-300-16255-4 (alk. paper)  \n1. African Americans—New York (State)—New York—History—19th century. 2. African Americans—New York (State)—New York—Social conditions—19th century. 3. African  \nAmericans—New York (State)—New York—Biography.  \n4. White, Philip, 1823–1891.  \n5. Guignon, Peter, 1813–1885.  \n6. Peterson, Carla L., 1944– —Family.  \n7. New York (N.Y.)—  \nBiography. 8. New York (N.Y.)—History—19th century. 9. New York (N.Y.)—Social conditions—19th century. I. Title.  \nF130.N4p47 2011 305.896′0730747—dc22 2010039306  \nA catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.  \nThis paper meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper) .  \n10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1  \n[OceanofPDF.com](OceanofPDF.com)  \nContents  \nAcknowledgments  \nA Note on Language  \nPROLOGUE Family, Memory, History  \nPART 1: LOWER MANHATTAN, 1795–1865  \nCHAPTER ONE Collect Street: Circa 1819  \nCHAPTER TWO The Mulberry Street School: Circa 1828  \nCHAPTER THREE The Young Graduates: Circa 1834  \nCHAPTER FOUR Community Building: Circa 1840  \nCHAPTER FIVE A Black Aristocracy: Circa 1847  \nCHAPTER SIX Whimsy and Resistance: Circa 1853  \nCHAPTER SEVEN The Draft Riots: July 1863  \nCHAPTER EIGHT Union and Disunion: Circa 1864  \nPART 2 : BROOKLYN, 1865–1895  \nCHAPTER NINE Peter Guignon’s Private Wars: Circa 1862  \nCHAPTER TEN Philip White in Brooklyn: Circa 1875  \nCHAPTER ELEVEN New Women, New Men at Century’s End  \nEPILOGUE Commemorations  \nNotes  \nBibliography  \nIndex  \n[OceanofPDF.com](OceanofPDF.com)  \nAcknowledgments  \nTHIS BOOK WAS LONG IN the making, but I was fortunate enough to receive help from many different quarters at every step of the way. Historian friends and acquaintances encouraged me throughout the years. Ira Berlin, Jim and Lois Horton, David Waldstreicher, Leslie Harris, David Blight, and Richard Rabinowitz taught me the historian’s craft. Craig Wilder, Graham Hodges, Shane White, Craig Townsend, and Barney Schechter answered every question put to them, large or small. Martha Jones passed on invaluable archival material. Through careful editing, my agent Sam Stoloff showed me how to transform the data I had collected into narrative form.  \nArchivists went out of their way to help. I owe a special debt of gratitude to staff: at the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, especially Diana Lachatanere and Steven Fullwood in the Manuscripts and Rare Books Division, Mary Yearwood and Antony Toussaint in Prints and Photographs, and Christopher Moore, curator and research coordinator; atthe New York Public Library Schwartzman Building, especially Matthew Knutzen in the Map Room, Virginia Bartow at the Arents Collection, and librarians in the Local Historical and Genealogical Room; librarians at the Ne","cbCaivNKkr6eV5SM","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivNKkr6eV5SM","pdf",4396481,1,475,"English","en",105,"# A Note on Language\n# PROLOGUE Family, Memory, History\n# PART 1: LOWER MANHATTAN, 1795–1865\n## CHAPTER ONE Collect Street: Circa 1819\n## CHAPTER TWO The Mulberry Street School: Circa 1828\n## CHAPTER THREE The Young Graduates: Circa 1834\n## CHAPTER FOUR Community Building: Circa 1840\n## CHAPTER FIVE A Black Aristocracy: Circa 1847\n## CHAPTER SIX Whimsy and Resistance: Circa 1853\n## CHAPTER SEVEN The Draft Riots: July 1863\n## CHAPTER EIGHT Union and Disunion: Circa 1864\n# PART 2 : BROOKLYN, 1865–1895\n## CHAPTER NINE Peter Guignon’s Private Wars: Circa 1862\n## CHAPTER TEN Philip White in Brooklyn: Circa 1875\n## CHAPTER ELEVEN New Women, New Men at Century’s End\n# EPILOGUE Commemorations\n# Notes\n# Bibliography\n# Index","[{\"question\":\"What geographic focus does Black Gotham cover across the nineteenth century?\",\"answer\":\"The book concentrates on Lower Manhattan from 1795–1865 and then shifts to Brooklyn from 1865–1895, showing how communities changed across these spaces.\"},{\"question\":\"How is the family-history approach structured in the narrative?\",\"answer\":\"It uses a prologue centered on family, memory, and history, then organizes the story into two major parts with multiple chapters, each tied to specific periods and developments.\"},{\"question\":\"What themes and events receive attention in the chapter topics?\",\"answer\":\"Chapters address education and school life, community building, social status, resistance, and major disturbances such as the Draft Riots, alongside later reflections and commemorations.\"}]","Black Gotham - Family History of African Americans in Nineteenth-Century New York City | PDF",1785656933,732,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":85,"head_meta":87,"extra_data":89,"updated_unix":28},"black-gotham-family-history-of-african-americans-in-nineteenth-century-new-york-city","",{"@graph":36,"@context":84},[37,53,67],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,47,50],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":11},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":49},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",3,{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":52},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/black-gotham-family-history-of-african-americans-in-nineteenth-century-new-york-city/116194/",4,{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":41,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-02",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70,76,80],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"What geographic focus does Black Gotham cover across the nineteenth century?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"The book concentrates on Lower Manhattan from 1795–1865 and then shifts to Brooklyn from 1865–1895, showing how communities changed across these spaces.","Answer",{"name":77,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":78},"How is the family-history approach structured in the narrative?",{"text":79,"@type":75},"It uses a prologue centered on family, memory, and history, then organizes the story into two major parts with multiple chapters, each tied to specific periods and developments.",{"name":81,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":82},"What themes and events receive attention in the chapter topics?",{"text":83,"@type":75},"Chapters address education and school life, community building, social status, resistance, and major disturbances such as the Draft Riots, alongside later reflections and commemorations.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":51,"og:type":86,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":58,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":88,"canonical":51},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":91},[92,96,99,103,108,113,118,123,128,131,135],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":98},80,"literature",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":100,"show_sort_weight":101,"slug":102},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":104,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":105,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":107},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":109,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":110,"show_sort_weight":111,"slug":112},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":114,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":115,"show_sort_weight":116,"slug":117},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":119,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]