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Its adoption is constrained by high preparation costs and limited cycling stability. This work prepares rice husk charcoal (RHC) from agricultural biowaste via pyrolysis, examines how heat-treatment temperature affects properties using elemental and thermogravimetric analyses, and compares carbonized blocks made from RHC with artificial graphite scrap (AGS) blocks.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/biomass-conversion-and-biorefinery-feasibility-assessment-of-manufacturing-carbonized-blocks-from-rice-husk-charcoal/661328/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/biomass-conversion-and-biorefinery-feasibility-assessment-of-manufacturing-carbonized-blocks-from-rice-husk-charcoal/661328.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"cksankcs","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-28",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is artificial graphite attractive, and what limits its practical use?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Artificial graphite offers high heat and chemical resistance, excellent electrical conductivity, and low thermal expansion. Its practical use is limited by high preparation costs and poor cycling stability.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does heat-treatment temperature affect rice husk charcoal?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study evaluates the effect of heat-treatment temperature on rice husk using elemental and thermogravimetric analyses. 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However, its practical use is severely limited by its high preparation costs and poor cycling stability. In this study, rice husk charcoal (RHC) was prepared from agricultural biowaste using a pyrolysis (heat treatments) method in this study. We investigated the effect of the heat-treatment temperature on rice husk via elemental and thermogravimetric analyses. The results indicated that the rice husk heat treated at 400 °C (RHC 400) was thermally stable with a high carbon content. Its preparation process was also relatively inexpensive. Further, carbonized blocks were prepared using the fabricated RHC and compared their properties with those of artificial graphite scrap (AGS) carbonized blocks. The bulk density, porosity, flexural strength, and electrical resistivity ofthe RHC carbonized block were 1.14 g/cm3, 24.65%, 52.55 MPa, and 142.93 μΩm, respectively. These results demonstrate that the flexural strength and electrical resistivity ofthe RHC-prepared block were higher than those of the AGScarbonized block. In contrast, its density was lower than that of the AGS carbonized block.  \nKeywords Rice husk charcoal · Graphite · Biomass · Pyrolysis (heat treatment) · Carbonized block  \n1 Introduction  \nArtificial graphite is a synthetic material derived from artificial heat-treated raw materials, such as coal and petroleumbased pitch, to create graphite crystal structures. It is used in many industries, such as steelmaking electrode bars, silicon ingot manufacturing equipment, bearings, and rechargeable batteries. Artificial graphite has multiple forms, including powder, bulk, sheet, and film [1–9] .  \nBulk artificial graphite exhibits high heat and chemical resistance, excellent electrical conductivity, and low thermal expansion. Owing to these excellent characteristics, its applications have rapidly expanded to various new industrial fields. However, conventional methods of manufacturing bulk graphite using fossil-based materials generally degrade the mechanical properties in high-temperature environments,  \n* Gibeop Nam [hl0exn@gmail.com](hl0exn@gmail.com)  \n1 Materials Science and Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea  \n2 Advanced Material Research Center, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea  \nleading to binder shrinkage and an increased void content via gas generation [10, 11]. The voids must be filled during impregnation to prevent mechanical property degradation. However, this requirement leads to high production costs, long production times, and increased carbon emissions.  \nResearchers have shown that using recycled materials can reduce the production costs of bulk graphite. A previous study developed a method for manufacturing bulk graphite using graphite scrap, a by-product of processing the final graphite product, artificial graphite scrap (AGS), and phenol resin [1, 2, 11–14] . It was verified that this method significantly reduced process costs, energy consumption, and carbon emissions.  \nThe study was conducted to manufacture carbonized blocks and replace processed graphite scrap fillers with biomass. Further, using graphite scrap or RHC as filler and phenol resin as the binder for developing a carbon block isan excellent and inexpensive method for constructing green bodies of artificial graphite while fulfilling the carbon neutrality and energy-saving requirements. ","cbCaitefVZeR0cKP","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitefVZeR0cKP","pdf",1142917,"English","# Abstract\n# 1 Introduction","[{\"question\":\"Why is artificial graphite attractive, and what limits its practical use?\",\"answer\":\"Artificial graphite offers high heat and chemical resistance, excellent electrical conductivity, and low thermal expansion. Its practical use is limited by high preparation costs and poor cycling stability.\"},{\"question\":\"How does heat-treatment temperature affect rice husk charcoal?\",\"answer\":\"The study evaluates the effect of heat-treatment temperature on rice husk using elemental and thermogravimetric analyses. Rice husk treated at 400 °C shows thermal stability and high carbon content.\"},{\"question\":\"How do the RHC carbonized blocks compare with artificial graphite scrap blocks?\",\"answer\":\"RHC carbonized blocks show higher flexural strength and electrical resistivity than AGS carbonized blocks, while their density is lower.\"}]","Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery - Feasibility assessment of manufacturing carbonized blocks from rice husk charcoal | PDF",15]