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Initiated in 2017 by the ADA’s Department of Testing Services, the effort used biology subject matter experts and DTS staff to define relevant content areas. Three surveys collected input from pre-health biology instructors, faculty teaching first-year optometry students, and current optometry students. Recruitment, sampling, survey item design, time-allocation methodology, and open-ended addition/removal requests are summarized, with findings reviewed by the Biology Test Construction Team and the OAT Committee.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/biology-readiness-survey-2018-background-approach-and-survey-findings/292713/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/biology-readiness-survey-2018-background-approach-and-survey-findings/292713.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jordan Avery","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-17",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",15,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What was the purpose of the Biology Readiness Survey (2018)?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The survey was designed to help establish the biology content domain and test specifications for the OAT biology section by identifying core biology knowledge first-year U.S. optometry students should know.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Which groups were targeted by the three biology readiness surveys?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The surveys targeted pre-health biology instructors, faculty teaching first-year optometry students, and current optometry students.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"How did the survey collect information about biology topic coverage?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Respondents indicated the percentage of course time allocated to main biology topics and then to associated subtopics; the survey totaled allocations to keep the overall percentage within 100%.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},292713,1789654454,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":44,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":130,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},1099523882367,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Biology Readiness Survey 2018  \n©2020 Association of Schools and Colleges of Optometry All rights reserved.  \n211 East Chicago Avenue Chicago, Illinois 60611-2637 [800.232.1694](800.232.1694 | ADA.org/OAT)[ |](800.232.1694 | ADA.org/OAT)[ ADA.org/OAT](800.232.1694 | ADA.org/OAT)  \nAcknowledgements  \nOAT Biology Test Constructors  \n\n| Larry Crouch, PhD | University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Dentistry, Lincoln, NE |\n| --- | --- |\n| Jean DeSaix, PhD | University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC |\n| Kerry Openshaw, PhD | Bemidji State University, Bemidji, MN |\n| Maureen L. Tubbiola , PhD | St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN |\n\nOAT Committee  \n\n| David Damari, OD, FCOVD, FAAO | Ferris State University, Big Rapids, MI |\n| --- | --- |\n| Michael Deibel | Earlham College, Richmond, IN |\n| Stephanie Messner, OD, FAAO | Illinois College of Optometry, Chicago, IL |\n| Dawn Mancuso, MAM, CAE, FASAE | Association of Schools and Colleges of Optometry, Rockville, MD |\n| Paige Pence | Association of Schools and Colleges of Optometry, Rockville, MD |\n\nDepartment of Testing Services Staff  \n\n| Alix Katznelson, BS, BA | Manager, Department of Testing Services Communications |\n| --- | --- |\n| Michael Matyasik, MS | Manager, Test Development |\n| Lindsey Streamer, PhD | Research Analyst, Surveys |\n| Feng Tian, PhD | Psychometrician |\n| Lisa Tosti-Sauro, MNA | Assessment Specialist, Meeting Facilitation |\n| David M. Waldschmidt, PhD | Director, Testing Services |\n| Debra L. Willis, MLS | Lead Assessment Specialist, Meeting Facilitation |\n| Chien-Lin Yang, PhD | Manager, Research and Development/Psychometrics |\n\nBiology Readiness Surveys: Establishing the Content Domain and Test Specifications for the Biology Section of the Optometry Admission Test (2018)  \nBackground  \nIn 2017, at the direction of the American Dental Association’s (ADA’s) Optometry Admission Test (OAT) Committee, the ADA’s Department of Testing Services (DTS) initiated activities to update and establish the content domain and test specifications for the biology section of the Optometry Admission Test (OAT) . This effort relied heavily on the expertise of biology subject matter experts serving on the OAT Biology Test Construction Team (TCT), working closely with DTS staff to specify relevant content areas for possible inclusion in the biology test section. Three surveys were conducted to inform the biology section updates. Survey data collection was open from October 9, 2018 to November 26, 2018. Findings were reviewed and interpreted by the Biology TCT, DTS staff, and the OAT Committee. Revisions to the OAT are expected tobe implemented in 2022. This document summarizes information concerning the implementation of the surveys and the overall findings of this effort.  \nApproach  \nThree Biology Readiness surveys were developed to identify core knowledge in biology that first-year U.S. optometry students must know when entering optometry school, in order to be adequately prepared to benefit from further training. “Core knowledge” refers to required knowledge that establishes readiness for optometry school training. Incoming optometry students who possess the knowledge prerequisites are ready to face the challenges associated with their first year in optometry school, while those who lack the required knowledge are unlikely to be successful unless they revisit and learn the fundamentals. Updates to the OAT biology section should therefore reflect current biology core knowledge requirements in order to effectively assess students’ readiness for optometry school training.  \nThe surveys targeted three distinct populations: pre-health biology instructors, faculty who teach first-year optometry students, and current optometry students. It was reasoned that insights from each of these groups would allow the Biology TCT to compare information that optometry schools require first-year optometry students to know with information that pre-optometry programs teach candidates. Su","cbCaigKxuyILsVZD","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigKxuyILsVZD","pdf",1473954,"English","# Background\n# Approach\n# Survey of Pre-Health Biology Instructors\n## Recruitment & Sample\n## Survey Items\n# Survey of Faculty Who Teach First-Year Optometry Students\n## Recruitment & Sample","[{\"question\":\"What was the purpose of the Biology Readiness Survey (2018)?\",\"answer\":\"The survey was designed to help establish the biology content domain and test specifications for the OAT biology section by identifying core biology knowledge first-year U.S. optometry students should know.\"},{\"question\":\"Which groups were targeted by the three biology readiness surveys?\",\"answer\":\"The surveys targeted pre-health biology instructors, faculty teaching first-year optometry students, and current optometry students.\"},{\"question\":\"How did the survey collect information about biology topic coverage?\",\"answer\":\"Respondents indicated the percentage of course time allocated to main biology topics and then to associated subtopics; the survey totaled allocations to keep the overall percentage within 100%.\"}]","Biology Readiness Survey 2018 - Background, Approach, and Survey Findings | PDF",23]