[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-208116-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-208116-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","biology-organisation-answers","Biology Organisation - Answers","","Set of biology exam answers covering organisation and digestion in animals and plants. Includes explanations of human circulatory organisation from cells to organ systems, the role of enzymes and bile in digestion, temperature effects on enzymes, and heart structure and functions such as double circulation and atrioventricular valves. Also addresses coronary heart disease and stent function, using country data to discuss risk factors, and extended responses on smoking and alcohol during pregnancy, tumour differences, and maximum transpiration conditions in plants.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/","Exam",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/biology-organisation-answers/208116/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/biology-organisation-answers/208116.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Pentious","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-23","2026-09-05",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"How do enzymes and bile help digestion in the small intestine?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Enzymes act as biological catalysts, breaking large insoluble food molecules into small soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the blood. Bile increases fat breakdown by neutralising acid, maintaining optimum pH for lipase, and emulsifying fats to reduce surface area.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"Why do enzyme reactions depend on temperature, and how do you explain the graph for Enzyme A?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Reaction rates are initially slow because kinetic energy and successful collision frequency are low. As temperature increases toward about 40°C, more collisions become successful and active sites are used. The rate then falls as enzymes denature, returning to near zero.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What evidence from country data can be used to question the claim that fruit and vegetables are the main cause of CHD?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"The second-highest death rate occurs alongside the highest fruit and vegetable consumption, and the lowest death rates do not match high fruit and vegetable intake. Lower death rates can align with a low percentage of people who smoke, suggesting smoking is a stronger related risk factor.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},208116,1788602497,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,95,100,105,110,115,120,123,127],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},70,"exam",{"id":96,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":126},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":128,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":130},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":132},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":133,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":33,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":101,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":80,"read_time":144},1374404730887,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","A. Principles of organisation  \n1. Describe the levels of organisation in the human circulatory system in size order from the smallest part.  \n(4)  \n􀁸 Muscle Cell – can contract and respiration occurs here  \n􀁸 Muscle (cardiac) tissue – Group of muscle cells working together to contract and respire (cardiac muscle does not fatigue)  \n􀁸 Heart (organ)–muscle, valves and blood vessels, puts blood under pressure  \n􀁸 Circulatory system – Heart, blood and blood vessels working together to pump blood around the body.  \nB . Animal tissues, organs and organ systems Part 1  \n1. Explain why enzymes are needed in digestion. (4)  \n􀁸 Biological catalysts  \n􀁸 Breakdown large insoluble molecules (in food)  \n􀁸 Into small soluble molecules  \n􀁸 That can be absorbed into the blood  \n2. Explain how the release of bile into the small intestines increases the rate of fat breakdown. (3)  \n􀁸 Neutralise acid  \n􀁸 Maintain optimum pH  \n􀁸 For lipase enzyme  \n􀁸 Emulsifies fats to reduce surface area  \n3. Different enzymes work best at different temperatures. The graph shows the effect of temperature on different enzymes.  \na. Describe and explain the shape of the graph for enzyme A. (4)  \nDescription:  \n􀁸 Rate is (initially) slow  \n􀁸 Rate increases as temperature increases up to 40oC  \n􀁸 Rate declines to return to 0  \n􀁸 Use of data Explanation:  \n􀁸 Low (kinetic) energy initially  \n􀁸 Fewer/lower energy collisions  \n􀁸 Optimum rate reached when there is the maximum number of (successful) collisions and all active sites are being used  \n􀁸 Rate falls due to enzymes denaturing  \nb. Enzyme B is protease and is produced in the stomach, pancreas and small intestine. Explain why protease works more effectively in the stomach. (3)  \n􀁸 Stomach contains acid  \n􀁸 Acid is low pH (pH2)  \n􀁸 pH provides optimum conditions for protease enzyme  \nC. Animal tissues, organs and organ systems Part 2  \n1. The diagram below shows the structure of the heart.  \na. Name and describe the function of the parts W, X, Y and Z. (4)  \n􀁸 W– vena cava – sends deoxygenated blood into the heart  \n􀁸 X–pulmonary artery – delivers deoxygenated blood into the lungs  \n􀁸 Y– aorta – sends oxygenated blood to the body  \n􀁸 Z–pulmonary vein – delivers oxygenated blood into the left atrium/left side of the heart  \nb. The heart is described as a ‘double pump’, explain why two separate circulation systems are needed. (2)  \n􀁸 The right-side pumps blood to the lungs for gas exchange  \n􀁸 The left-side pumps oxygenated blood to the rest ofthe body  \nc. Look at the bicuspid valve on the diagram of the heart. This is one of the atrioventricular valves. Using this information, explain the function of this valve. (2)  \n􀁸 Prevents blood from flowing from the left ventricle into the left atrium  \n􀁸 Left atrium  \n2. Coronary heart disease (CHD) develops when layers of fatty material build up in the coronary artery.  \nOne treatment for CHD is to insert a stent into the coronary artery.  \nThe diagram shows a stent in a coronary artery.  \na. Explain why the stent helps to prevent a heart attack. (3)  \n􀁸 Keeps the (coronary) artery open/wide  \n􀁸 So the blood flow can carry glucose and oxygen  \n􀁸 To the heart (muscle)  \n􀁸 For respiration  \nCoronary heart disease (CHD) can be caused by many factors. The table below shows data related to CHD for five countries.  \n\n| Country | Number of deaths from CHD per 100 000 population per year | Percentage of the population who smoke tobacco | Percentage of the population who drink alcohol heavily | Amount of fruit and vegetables eaten in kg per person per year |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| A | 279 | 38 | 20 | 186 |\n| B | 254 | 64 | 35 | 408 |\n| C | 182 | 4 | 37 | 257 |\n| D | 151 | 24 | 35 | 217 |\n| E | 123 | 28 | 14 | 221 |\n\nb. Name one risk factor for CHD that is not shown in the table above. (2)  \n􀁸 (Lack of) exercise  \n􀁸 Other drugs being misused (not including alcohol and smoking)  \n􀁸 Stress  \nc. A student concludes that the main cause of CHD is not eating enough fruit and ve","cbCaii4Ab76P0zEN","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaii4Ab76P0zEN","pdf",804721,"English","# Principles of organisation\n## Levels of organisation in the human circulatory system\n# Animal tissues, organs and organ systems Part 1\n## Enzymes needed in digestion\n## Bile release and fat breakdown\n## Temperature effects on enzymes (Enzyme A and B)\n# Animal tissues, organs and organ systems Part 2\n## Heart structure: W, X, Y, Z and valve function\n## Double pump and separate circulation systems\n## Coronary heart disease and stent benefits\n## CHD risk factors and extended reasoning from table data\n# Animal tissues, organs and organ systems Part 3\n## Risks of pregnant women smoking and drinking alcohol\n## Similarities and differences between benign and malignant tumours\n# Plant tissues, organs and systems\n## Compare transpiration and translocation; conditions for maximum transpiration","[{\"question\":\"How do enzymes and bile help digestion in the small intestine?\",\"answer\":\"Enzymes act as biological catalysts, breaking large insoluble food molecules into small soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the blood. Bile increases fat breakdown by neutralising acid, maintaining optimum pH for lipase, and emulsifying fats to reduce surface area.\"},{\"question\":\"Why do enzyme reactions depend on temperature, and how do you explain the graph for Enzyme A?\",\"answer\":\"Reaction rates are initially slow because kinetic energy and successful collision frequency are low. As temperature increases toward about 40°C, more collisions become successful and active sites are used. The rate then falls as enzymes denature, returning to near zero.\"},{\"question\":\"What evidence from country data can be used to question the claim that fruit and vegetables are the main cause of CHD?\",\"answer\":\"The second-highest death rate occurs alongside the highest fruit and vegetable consumption, and the lowest death rates do not match high fruit and vegetable intake. Lower death rates can align with a low percentage of people who smoke, suggesting smoking is a stronger related risk factor.\"}]","Biology Organisation - Answers | PDF",15]