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Seventy-seven heterosexual couples rated love styles alongside playful behaviors using the Playful Love Checklist (PLC). Analyses compare self- and partner-ratings to identify robust positive and negative associations, clarify conceptual overlap, and refine understanding of how playfulness relates to love styles.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/beyond-the-ludic-lover-individual-differences-in-playfulness-and-love-styles-in-heterosexual-relationships/591597/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/beyond-the-ludic-lover-individual-differences-in-playfulness-and-love-styles-in-heterosexual-relationships/591597.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"supergirl","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-06","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What variables does the study connect to love styles?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It links playfulness assessed through facets (other directed, lighthearted, intellectual, whimsical) with attitudes towards love called love styles (eros, ludus, storge, pragma, mania, agape).","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were participants evaluated in the study?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Seventy-seven heterosexual couples rated love styles and playful behaviors using the Playful Love Checklist (PLC). Analyses used both self-ratings and partner ratings.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What is the OLIW model in this context?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The OLIW model differentiates four basic play facets: other directed, lighthearted, intellectual, and whimsical, which represent distinct ways adults experience and express playfulness.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},591597,1792231857,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962088121634,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Beyond the Ludic Lover  \nIndividual Differences in Playfulness and Love Styles in Heterosexual Relationships  \n•  \nRené T. Proyer, Kay Brauer, Annegret Wolf, and Garry Chick  \nAdult playfulness contributes to well-functioning romantic relationships, claim the authors, who study the association between playfulness of several kinds (other directed, lighthearted, intellectual, whimsical) and six specific attitudes towards love they call love styles—eros, ludus, storge, pragma, mania and agape. To do so, they engaged seventy-seven heterosexual couples to rate the love styles against a checklist for playful behaviors in romantic relationships the authors call the Playful Love Checklist (PLC). The authors then analyzed the responses for similarities and robust associations, either negative or positive, between partners for their views on playfulness in love relationships.  \nTheir findings suggest, among other things, that current conceptualizations of playfulness do not much overlap with what other researchers have called the ludic lover, and the authors’ analysis of self-ratings and partner ratings contributes to our understanding of the association between playfulness and love styles. Key words: adult playfulness; love; love styles; ludus; playfulness;  \nromantic relationships  \nPlayfulness as an individual differences variable enables adults to frame a situation they experience as entertaining, intellectually stimulating, and personally interesting (Proyer 2017; see also Barnett 2007). Lately, our understanding of playfulness has broadened, and though many early conceptualizations focused on play’s contribution to joy, fun, and entertainment, newer modes encompass facets not primarily directed at fun or entertainment. A recently developed structural model differentiates among four basic play facets: other directed—using playfulness to cheer up others or to solve social tension in interactions with others; lighthearted—seeing life as more a playground for improvisation than a battlefield for competition; intellectual—involving the cognitive aspects of playfulness with a preference for complexity over simplicity, for viewing problems from different angles and perspectives; and whimsical—finding amusing  \n265  \nAmerican Journal of Play, volume 10, number 3 © The Strong Contact René T. Proyer at [rene.proyer@pysch.uni-halle.de](rene.proyer@pysch.uni-halle.de)  \naspects in everyday situations and interactions with a liking of odd things or activities. These constitute the Proyer (2017) OLIW model. Here, we consider the association between self-rated and partner-rated playfulness and different attitudes towards love (love styles) in romantic couples.  \nAdult Playfulness and Romantic Relationships  \nThe study of love styles and romantic relationships seems to offer a natural home for playfulness research. Structural models of playfulness frequently contain facets directed at interpersonal functioning. Among these, we have already mentioned other-directed playfulness in Proyer’s OLIW model. Other examples include gregarious playfulness (Barnett 2007), playfulness retrieved in focus groups of young adults, and kind-loving playfulness (Proyer 2012a) derived from implicit psychological and linguistic theories. Chick (2001) has proposed the signal theory of playfulness and argues that playfulness signals nonaggressiveness in men and youth when they search for a partner for a long-term relationship but signals health—as a sign of fecundity—in women. Some research has supported this notion by showing that playfulness constitutes a preferred trait in potential romantic partners (Chick, Yarnal, and Purrington 2012; Proyer and Wagner 2015). To play and be playful in a relationship contributes to the intimacy of its partners as well as the communication between them (Baxter 1992; see also Raskin 1998). A more qualitatively oriented study has shown that laypeople can list a large number of uses for playfulness in their everyday lives including uses","cbCaieFpDndBogLR","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieFpDndBogLR","pdf",287366,25,"English","# Adult Playfulness and Romantic Relationships\n## Study rationale and theoretical models\n## Evidence for playfulness and relationship satisfaction\n## Facets of playfulness and partner-rated associations","[{\"question\":\"What variables does the study connect to love styles?\",\"answer\":\"It links playfulness assessed through facets (other directed, lighthearted, intellectual, whimsical) with attitudes towards love called love styles (eros, ludus, storge, pragma, mania, agape).\"},{\"question\":\"How were participants evaluated in the study?\",\"answer\":\"Seventy-seven heterosexual couples rated love styles and playful behaviors using the Playful Love Checklist (PLC). Analyses used both self-ratings and partner ratings.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the OLIW model in this context?\",\"answer\":\"The OLIW model differentiates four basic play facets: other directed, lighthearted, intellectual, and whimsical, which represent distinct ways adults experience and express playfulness.\"}]","Beyond the Ludic Lover - Individual Differences in Playfulness and Love Styles in Heterosexual Relationships | PDF",1792072801,63]