[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-150707-en":3,"doc-seo-150707-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},150707,1099514068365,"Aurelia","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/10000253d8d9f28188e?_k=1776742907772140068",6,"Technology","Beyond Compliance - Building a Culture of Digital Accessibility","Beyond Compliance: Building a Culture of Digital Accessibility (Annual Interagency Accessibility Forum, November 7–9, 2023) explores how alternative text (alt-text) supports image accessibility and why concise, context-rich descriptions matter. The session evaluates AI-generated alt-text quality versus human-written alt-text using selected government-style photos and defined writer groups (experts and novices) with shared best-practice instructions. It also explains key concepts like alternative text requirements, limited benefits of longer descriptions, and the role of AI and computer vision.","Annual Interagency Accessibility Forum  \nBeyond Compliance: Building a Culture of Digital Accessibility  \nNovember 7-9, 2023  \nAI-generated alt-text The future of image accessibility?  \nNovember 9 , 2023  \nLaura Larrimore & Teresa Verigan  \nU.S. Department of State U.S. Patent and Trademark Office  \nWhat are alternative text descriptions?  \n▪ Describes the image when the visual cannot be viewed  \n▪ Required for accessibility  \n▪ Longer descriptions are not always better  \n▪ Context helps determine what to include in a concise description  \nIAAF 2023 / General ServicesAdministration / Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation / Department of VeteransAffairs/ U. S. Access Board / Federal CIO Council 3  \nWhat are alternative text descriptions?  \n▪ 1 image, 3 descriptions:  \n• A woman in a chair  \n• Portrait of U.S. Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg seated in her judicial robes.  \n• Official portrait of Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg. She is seated in a chair wearing black judicial robes and her iconic white beaded collar necklace. Her gaze is calm and direct as she leans confidently on the arm rest with her hands clasped loosely in her lap.  \nIAAF 2023 / General ServicesAdministration / Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation / Department of VeteransAffairs/ U. S. Access Board / Federal CIO Council 4  \nWhat is Artificial Intelligence (AI)?  \n▪ The theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and translation between languages. [Oxford English Dictionary]  \n▪ Examples include self-driving cars, auto-captioning, medical imaging  \n▪ In some instances, AI is getting more accurate than humans on certain tasks (like medical imaging)  \nIAAF 2023 / General ServicesAdministration / Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation / Department of VeteransAffairs/ U. S. Access Board / Federal CIO Council 5  \nA subset of AI: Computer vision  \n▪ Computer vision is a field of artificial intelligence (AI) that enables computers and systems to derive meaningful information from digital images [Microsoft]  \n▪ Computer vision is a technology that machines use to automatically recognize images and describe them accurately and efficiently. [Amazon Web Services]  \nIAAF 2023 / General ServicesAdministration / Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation / Department of VeteransAffairs/ U. S. Access Board / Federal CIO Council 6  \nWhat we hoped to learn  \nAI has gotten much more powerful and accurate in recent years – how does AI compare to a human when writing alt-text?  \n▪ Can AI computer vision correctly identify images?  \n▪ Are certain images more challenging to identify?  \n▪ Among AI systems and models freely available today, do some to abetter job than others?  \n▪ How far apart in quality is human alt-text compared to AI?  \n▪ How far apart in quality is human alt-text from experts versus novices?  \nIAAF 2023 / General ServicesAdministration / Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation / Department of VeteransAffairs/ U. S. Access Board / Federal CIO Council 7  \nHow we set up our experiment  \nWe selected types of photos commonly found on government websites, from simple portraits or editorial photos to more complex photos, illustrations, and graph.  \nIAAF 2023 / General ServicesAdministration / Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation / Department of VeteransAffairs/ U. S. Access Board / Federal CIO Council 8  \nSelecting our human writers  \n▪ Three Experts  \n▪ Writers who regularly create alt-text as part of their job  \n▪ 7 years experience writing alt-text, on average  \n▪ Three Novices  \n▪ 2 high school interns and 1 recently hired graphic designer  \n▪ None had received training in writing alternative text prior to project  \nBoth groups were given a short tutorial on the best practices for writing alternative text. They were allowed to refer to the tips while they were completing the assignment.  \nIAAF 2023 / General ServicesAdministrat","cbCaiogvKrqSpauo","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiogvKrqSpauo","pdf",1491612,1,34,"English","en",105,"# Beyond Compliance: Building a Culture of Digital Accessibility\n## Alternative text descriptions\n## What is Artificial Intelligence (AI) and computer vision?\n## What we hoped to learn\n## How we set up our experiment\n## Selecting our human writers\n## Instructions given to human writers","[{\"question\":\"What are alternative text descriptions (alt-text) and why are they required?\",\"answer\":\"Alternative text describes what is happening in an image when the visual cannot be viewed, and it is required for accessibility. Longer descriptions are not always better because the goal is a clear, usable description.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the forum explain the difference between AI and computer vision for alt-text tasks?\",\"answer\":\"AI is defined as computer systems that can perform tasks requiring human intelligence. Computer vision is a subset of AI that derives meaningful information from digital images, enabling machines to recognize and describe images.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the alt-text writing experiment structured to compare AI and humans?\",\"answer\":\"Common government photo types were selected, ranging from simple portraits to more complex images, illustrations, and graphs. Human writers were grouped into experts and novices, and both groups received best-practice guidance while completing assignments.\"}]","Beyond Compliance - Building a Culture of Digital Accessibility | PDF",1787825948,86,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":87,"head_meta":89,"extra_data":91,"updated_unix":28},"beyond-compliance-building-a-culture-of-digital-accessibility","",{"@graph":36,"@context":86},[37,54,69],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/technology/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/beyond-compliance-building-a-culture-of-digital-accessibility/150707/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":63,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":64,"interactionStatistic":65},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":41,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-28","2026-08-27",true,{"@type":66,"interactionType":67,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":68},"ViewAction",{"@type":70,"mainEntity":71},"FAQPage",[72,78,82],{"name":73,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":75},"What are alternative text descriptions (alt-text) and why are they required?","Question",{"text":76,"@type":77},"Alternative text describes what is happening in an image when the visual cannot be viewed, and it is required for accessibility. Longer descriptions are not always better because the goal is a clear, usable description.","Answer",{"name":79,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":80},"How does the forum explain the difference between AI and computer vision for alt-text tasks?",{"text":81,"@type":77},"AI is defined as computer systems that can perform tasks requiring human intelligence. Computer vision is a subset of AI that derives meaningful information from digital images, enabling machines to recognize and describe images.",{"name":83,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":84},"How was the alt-text writing experiment structured to compare AI and humans?",{"text":85,"@type":77},"Common government photo types were selected, ranging from simple portraits to more complex images, illustrations, and graphs. 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