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It examines trends across tested subjects and grade levels, highlighting a shrinking performance gap and evidence of growth in urban schooling. It also frames NAEP findings as a resilience narrative amid public health disruptions and references additional 2023 state assessment results.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/between-the-lines-large-city-performance-on-naep-over-the-last-20-years-2002-2022-october-2023/583901/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/between-the-lines-large-city-performance-on-naep-over-the-last-20-years-2002-2022-october-2023/583901.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Connor ","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the purpose of the brief?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To compare student performance between large cities and students nationally over the past 20 years (2002-2022) and consider effects related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including what performance may look like going forward.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the brief describe overall NAEP trends over time?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It reports that the performance gap between large cities and the nation has been steadily shrinking in most tested subject and grade combinations, indicating growth in urban schooling.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why does the brief emphasize resilience in recent results?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It links the most recent NAEP findings to resilience despite challenges faced by state and local education agencies during the complexities of a global public health emergency.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},583901,1792252501,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},687207022233,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","BETWEEN THE LINES  \nLarge City Performance on NAEP Over the Last 20 Years  \n(2002-2022)  \nOctober 2023  \nChester Holland, PhD Akisha Osei Sarfo, PhD Brian Garcia Ray Hart, PhD  \nAbout the Council  \nThe Council of the Great City Schools is the only national organization exclusively representing the needs of America’s urban public-school districts. Composed of 78 large city school districts, the organization’s mission is to promote the cause of urban schools and to advocate for inner-city students through legislation, research, instructional support, leadership, management, technical assistance, and media relations. The organization also provides a network for school districts sharing common problems to exchange information and to collectively address new challenges as they emerge to deliver the best education for urban youth.  \nChair of the Board  \nGuadalupe Guerrero  \nSuperintendent, Portland Public Schools  \nChair-elect  \nMarcia Andrews  \nSchool Board Member, Palm Beach County School District  \nSecretary/Treasurer  \nSonja Santelises  \nSuperintendent, Baltimore City Public Schools  \nImmediate Past Chair  \nKelly Gonez  \nSchool Board Member, Los Angeles Unified School District  \nExecutive Director  \nRaymond Hart  \nCouncil of the Great City Schools  \nBETWEEN THE LINES  Large City Performance on NAEP Over the Last 20 Years (2002-2022)  \nTable of Contents  \nBackground 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 2 Measuring Student Progress using NA EP 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 3  \nThe Trial Urban District Assessment (TU DA) Program 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 3 Research Questions and Methodology 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 4  \nFourth Grade Reading 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 6  \nLarge City vs 􀀮 National Public 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 6 Percentile Rank Group Performance 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 8 Students Performing in the 10th Percentile 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 12 Summary – Fourth Grade Reading 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 14  \nEighth Grade Reading 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 15  \nLarge City vs 􀀮 National Public 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 15 Percentile Rank Group Performance 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 17 Summary – Eighth Grade Reading 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 22  \nFourth Grade Mathematics 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 24  \nLarge City vs 􀀮 National Public 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 24 Percentile Rank 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 25 Summary – Fourth Grade Mathematics 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 30  \nEighth Grade Mathematics 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮 32  \nLarge City vs 􀀮 National Public 􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮􀀮","cbCaioEKBXOHSWUC","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioEKBXOHSWUC","pdf",5686589,46,"English","# Background\n## Measuring Student Progress using NAEP\n## The Trial Urban District Assessment (TUDA) Program\n## Research Questions and Methodology\n## Reading (Fourth Grade)\n## Reading (Eighth Grade)\n## Mathematics (Fourth Grade)\n## Mathematics (Eighth Grade)\n## Conclusions","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of the brief?\",\"answer\":\"To compare student performance between large cities and students nationally over the past 20 years (2002-2022) and consider effects related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including what performance may look like going forward.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the brief describe overall NAEP trends over time?\",\"answer\":\"It reports that the performance gap between large cities and the nation has been steadily shrinking in most tested subject and grade combinations, indicating growth in urban schooling.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the brief emphasize resilience in recent results?\",\"answer\":\"It links the most recent NAEP findings to resilience despite challenges faced by state and local education agencies during the complexities of a global public health emergency.\"}]","BETWEEN THE LINES - Large City Performance on NAEP Over the Last 20 Years (2002-2022) - October 2023 | PDF",1792048894,116]