[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-407209-105":59,"doc-detail-407209-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","betel-quid-use-is-associated-with-depression","Betel-quid Use Is Associated with Depression","","Background: Betel-quid use is linked to cancer and other adverse health effects, yet its relationship with depression remains insufficiently studied. Objective: Investigate the association between betel-quid use and depression. Methods: Data from 43,636 men in the Taiwan Biobank were analyzed, comparing never-users versus ever-users; depression was based on self-reported medical history and assessed using logistic regression. Results: Ever-users showed higher odds of depression than never-users, with a non-linear pattern by daily consumption. Conclusions: Betel-quid use is associated with depression, suggesting a complex dose-response relationship.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/betel-quid-use-is-associated-with-depression/407209/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/betel-quid-use-is-associated-with-depression/407209.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Olivia Brown","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-06","2026-09-28",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What is the main research objective of the study?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"To examine the association between betel-quid use and depression using Taiwan Biobank data.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How were participants categorized and how was depression defined?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Participants were divided into never-user and ever-user groups based on betel-quid use, and depression was defined using self-reported medical history from the questionnaire.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What did the results show about the relationship between betel-quid use and depression?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Ever-users had higher adjusted odds of depression than never-users, and daily consumption of 11–30 betel quids was associated with depression compared with ≤10; no association was found for consumption above 30 per day.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},407209,1790816019,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":34,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},16904993612988,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Ivyspring  \nInternational Publisher  \nInternationalJournal of Medical Sciences  \n2026; 23(1): 126-132. doi: 10.7150/ijms.119520  \nResearch Paper  \nBetel-quid Use Is Associated with Depression  \nPerl Han Lee1,6, Jiun-Hung Geng2,4,8,9,10, Szu-Chia Chen3,11,12, Chien-Hung Lee5􀀍, Chih-Hung Ko1,6,7􀀍  \n1. Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.  \n2. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan.  \n3. Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan.  \n4. Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan.  \n5. Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.  \n6. Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.  \n7. Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.  \n8. Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812015, Taiwan.  \n9. Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan.  \n10. Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University 807378, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.  \n11. Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University 812015, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.  \n12. Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan.  \n􀀍 Corresponding author: Chien-Hung Lee, No.100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City,80708, Taiwan, [cnhung@kmu.edu.tw](cnhung@kmu.edu.tw); Chih-Hung Ko, No.100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City,80708, Taiwan, [chihhungko@gmail.com](chihhungko@gmail.com), Tel: +88673211101.  \n© The author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ([https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)). See [https://ivyspring.com/terms](https://ivyspring.com/terms) for full terms and conditions.  \nReceived: 2025.06.13; Accepted: 2025.10.16; Published: 2026.01.01  \nAbstract  \nBackground: Betel-quid use is linked to cancer and other adverse health effects. However, its potential impact on depression has not been well studied.  \nObjective: To investigate the association between betel-quid use and depression.  \nMethods: We analyzed the data of 43,636 men from the Taiwan Biobank. Participants were divided into two groups on the basis of betel-quid use: never-user and ever-user groups. Depression was defined according to self-reported medical history in the questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between betel-quid use and depression.  \nResults: The average age of the participants was 49.89 ± 11.36 years. Among them, 16.31% were ever-users of betel quids. In the never-user group (n = 36,521), 828 participants (2.27%) reported a history of depression. However, 75 of 2,592 participants in the ever-user group (2.89%) reported a similar history. The adjusted odds ratio for depression in the ever-user group compared with the never-user group was 1.265, indicating its association with depression. Daily consumption of 11–30 betel quids was associated with depression compared with consumption of ≤10 betel quids. However, no association was found for those consuming more than 30 betel quids daily.  \nConclusions: Betel-quid use is associated with depression. The association between betel-quid use and depression may not be linear, suggesting a complex dose-response effect.  \nKeywords: Betel-quid use, depression, risk factors, epidemiologic study  \nIntroduction  \nBetel quids constitute a preparation that typically consists of fresh, unripe, o","cbCaigsuP4xi2zzI","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigsuP4xi2zzI","pdf",403062,"English","# Abstract\n## Background and Objective\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Introduction\n## Health effects of betel quids and areca nut\n## Psychiatric disorders and prior evidence\n## Arecoline and mechanistic findings","[{\"question\":\"What is the main research objective of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To examine the association between betel-quid use and depression using Taiwan Biobank data.\"},{\"question\":\"How were participants categorized and how was depression defined?\",\"answer\":\"Participants were divided into never-user and ever-user groups based on betel-quid use, and depression was defined using self-reported medical history from the questionnaire.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the results show about the relationship between betel-quid use and depression?\",\"answer\":\"Ever-users had higher adjusted odds of depression than never-users, and daily consumption of 11–30 betel quids was associated with depression compared with ≤10; no association was found for consumption above 30 per day.\"}]","Betel-quid Use Is Associated with Depression | PDF",1790571839,18]