[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-34539-en":3,"doc-seo-34539-105":29},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},34539,8796095360427,"Lucas Martin","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d",9,"Religion & Spirituality","Bernard Lewis Islam and the West","Islam and the West presents a historical and intellectual examination of relations between Islamic and Western/Christian civilizations. The preface frames their coexistence since early Islam, highlighting both religious separation and deep shared antecedents. The book organizes studies around encounters, perceptions, and responses, moving from Europe–Islam interactions in war, commerce, and culture to contemporary Western debates over Muslim minorities. It further addresses how Western views of Islam formed through translation challenges, scholarship, and works such as those by Gibbon.","","cbCailh7PwnrzJRU","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailh7PwnrzJRU","pdf",13331314,1,230,"English","en",105,"# Preface\n## Encounters between Islamic and Western civilizations\n## Perceptions arising from encounters\n## Western scholarship and translation of Islamic studies","[{\"question\":\"How does the preface describe the historical relationship between Islam and Christendom/Europe?\",\"answer\":\"It emphasizes long coexistence as neighbors, often rivals or enemies, shaped by religious definitions and shared heritage. The relationship spans conflicts from early jihads and Crusades through changing phases of empire in Europe and in Islamic lands.\"},{\"question\":\"What organizing themes does the book use for its studies?\",\"answer\":\"The studies are grouped into three main topics: encounters, perceptions, and responses between Islamic and Christian/European/Western civilizations.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the author approach the topic of large Muslim minorities in Western countries?\",\"answer\":\"The author aims to consider the issue not only as a problem for majority host societies in the West, but also through an Islamic historical and legal background.\"}]",1782425768,580,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":15,"description":14,"schema_data":33,"social_meta":84,"head_meta":86,"extra_data":88,"updated_unix":27},"bernard-lewis-islam-and-the-west",{"@graph":34,"@context":83},[35,52,66],{"@type":36,"itemListElement":37},"BreadcrumbList",[38,42,46,49],{"item":39,"name":40,"@type":41,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":43,"name":44,"@type":41,"position":45},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":47,"name":12,"@type":41,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/religion-spirituality/",3,{"item":50,"name":13,"@type":41,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/bernard-lewis-islam-and-the-west/34539/",4,{"url":50,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":60,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":61,"interactionStatistic":62},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":39,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-06-25",true,{"@type":63,"interactionType":64,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":65},"ViewAction",{"@type":67,"mainEntity":68},"FAQPage",[69,75,79],{"name":70,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":72},"How does the preface describe the historical relationship between Islam and Christendom/Europe?","Question",{"text":73,"@type":74},"It emphasizes long coexistence as neighbors, often rivals or enemies, shaped by religious definitions and shared heritage. The relationship spans conflicts from early jihads and Crusades through changing phases of empire in Europe and in Islamic lands.","Answer",{"name":76,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":77},"What organizing themes does the book use for its studies?",{"text":78,"@type":74},"The studies are grouped into three main topics: encounters, perceptions, and responses between Islamic and Christian/European/Western civilizations.",{"name":80,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":81},"How does the author approach the topic of large Muslim minorities in Western countries?",{"text":82,"@type":74},"The author aims to consider the issue not only as a problem for majority host societies in the West, but also through an Islamic historical and legal background.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":50,"og:type":85,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":57,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":87,"canonical":50},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24}]