[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-135370-en":3,"doc-seo-135370-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},135370,8796095461564,"Liam","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d",8,"Research & Report","Beliefs around Luck - Confirming the Empirical Conceptualization and Developing the Darke and Freedman Beliefs Around Luck Scale","The current study developed a multi-dimensional measure of beliefs around luck. Two studies introduced the Darke and Freedman Beliefs Around Luck scale, showing a consistent four-component model across two samples: beliefs in luck, rejection of luck, being lucky, and being unlucky. Reliability statistics and validity were supported through comparisons with other luck-belief measures, peer and family ratings, and expected associations with personality, individual-difference, and well-being variables.","Beliefs around luck : confirming the empirical conceptualization of beliefs around luck and the development of the Darke and Freedman beliefs around luck scale  \nMALTBY, John, DAY, Liza, GILL, Poonam, COLLEY, Ann and WOOD, Alex M Available from Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive (SHURA) at: [https://shura.shu.ac.uk/6050/](https://shura.shu.ac.uk/6050/)  \nThis document is the  \nCitation:  \nMALTBY, John, DAY, Liza, GILL, Poonam, COLLEY, Ann and WOOD, Alex M (2008) . Beliefs around luck : confirming the empirical conceptualization of beliefs around luck and the development of the Darke and Freedman beliefs around luck scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 45 (7), 655-660. [Article]  \nCopyright and re-use policy  \nSee [http://shura.shu.ac.uk/information.html](http://shura.shu.ac.uk/information.html)  \nSheffield Hallam University Research Archive  \n[http://shura.shu.ac.uk](http://shura.shu.ac.uk)  \nRunning Head: Beliefs around Luck  \nBeliefs around Luck: Confirming the Empirical Conceptualization of Beliefs around Luck and the Development of the Darke and Freedman Beliefs Around Luck scale.  \nJohn Maltby  \nUniversity of Leicester  \nLiza Day  \nSheffield Hallam University  \nPoonam Gill  \nUniversity of Leicester  \nAnn Colley  \nUniversity of Leicester  \nAnd  \nAlex M. Wood  \nUniversity of Manchester  \nAuthor Note  \nJohn Maltby, Poonam Gill and Ann Colley School of Psychology, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 9HN, England, Liza Day, Psychological Subject Group, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, S10 2BP, England. A.M. Wood, School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to John Maltby, School of Psychology, University of Leicester, England, LE1 9HN, United Kingdom.  \nTelephone: +44 (0) 116 229 7198, Email: [jm148@le.ac.uk](jm148@le.ac.uk).  \nPersonality and Individual Differences, in press.  \nWord Count: 4,997  \nAbstract  \nThe current study developed a multi-dimensional measure of beliefs around luck. Two studies introduced the Darke and Freedman Beliefs Around Luck scale where the scale showed a consistent 4 component model (beliefs in luck, rejection of luck, being lucky, and being unlucky) across two samples (n = 250; n = 145) . The scales also show adequate reliability statistics and validity by ways of comparison with other measures of beliefs around luck, peer and family ratings and expected associations with measures of personality, individual difference and well-being variables.  \nFirst copyedit complete.  \nIntroduction  \nA number of explanations of belief in luck have been advanced within the research literature and linked to a range of individual difference variables.  \nThe traditional explanation views luck to be akin to chance, in that it is external to the individual and an unpredictable influence upon events. Thus, belief in luck is a perception that individual events are externally triggered, uncontrollable, irrational and have little influence on future expectations (e.g. Rotter, 1966) . The majority of the literature supporting this perspective has been undertaken within the context of attribution theory, and research has shown that individuals making external attributions (i.e. seeing events as being due to luck) are less mentally healthy (Rotter, 1966; Weiner, Frieze, Kukla, Reed, Rest, & Rosenbaum, 1971)  \nA more recent explanation posits that some individuals believe luck to be a personal attribute, which is internal, stable, predictable and controllable (Darke & Freedman, 1997a) . Within this explanation luck is distinguished from chance (Waganaar & Keren, 1988) . A distinction is made between those who consider themselves to be lucky or unlucky, with perceptions of being lucky being associated with better mental health, while perceptions of being unlucky are associated with poorer mental health (Darke & Freedman, 1997a; 1997b) .  \nSome research within this area frames belief in good luck as ad","cbCaifEFbsixqpIf","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifEFbsixqpIf","pdf",303224,2,1,30,"English","en",105,"# Abstract\n## Measure development\n## Component structure\n## Reliability and validity evidence\n## Validity comparisons and correlates","[{\"question\":\"What was the main goal of the study on luck beliefs?\",\"answer\":\"To develop a multi-dimensional measure of beliefs around luck and to evaluate its underlying structure.\"},{\"question\":\"What four components does the Darke and Freedman beliefs around luck scale include?\",\"answer\":\"Beliefs in luck, rejection of luck, being lucky, and being unlucky.\"},{\"question\":\"How did the study assess the scale’s reliability and validity?\",\"answer\":\"It reported adequate reliability statistics and validated the scale through comparisons with other luck belief measures, peer and family ratings, and expected associations with personality and well-being variables.\"}]","Beliefs around Luck - 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