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We publish resources for Arabic, including Modern Standard Arabic and multiple dialects (Egyptian Arabic, Levantine Arabic, Tunisian Arabic, and more), as well as Russian, Spanish, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, and otherlanguages. Purchasing directly from the website helps support the creation of new books and audio materials.  \nDiscover more resources  \nLingualism publishes a wide range of learning materials, including:  \n• Graded readers and story collections  \n• Dialect vocabulary and phrase guides  \n• Beginner-friendly dictionaries  \n• Audio-supported learning materials  \nExplore the full catalog at:  \n[www.lingualism.com](www.lingualism.com)  \nBeginning Learner’s  \nRussian  \nDictionary  \nMatthew Aldrich  \nand  \nOksana Baranova  \n© 2018 by Matthew Aldrich  \nThe author’s moral rights have been asserted.  \nAll rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher.  \nAlthough the author and publisher have made every effort to ensure that the information in this book was correct at press time, the author and publisher do not assume and hereby disclaim any liability to any party for any loss, damage, or disruption caused by errors oromissions, whether such errors or omissions result from negligence, accident, or any other cause.  \npaperback: ISBN-13: 978-0-9986411-9-5  \n[website: www.lingualism.com/russian](website: www.lingualism.com/russian)  \nemail: [russian@lingualism.com](russian@lingualism.com)  \nTable of Contents  \nIntroduction ......................................................................................... ii  \nUsing The Dictionary ............................................................................ iii  \nPronunciation ....................................................................................... v  \nThe TORFL Test .................................................................................. viii  \nTerminology and Abbreviations ........................................................... ix  \nRussian-English ..................................................................................... 1  \nEnglish-Russian ................................................................................. 118  \nVisit  \nAudio Tracks  \nDownload or stream the free accompanying MP3s. (Track numbers correspond to the dictionary’s page numbers. )  \nAnki Flashcards  \nStudy the dictionary’s headwords and example sentences using Anki flashcards with audio—available as a separate purchase.  \nIntroduction  \nThe Beginning Learner’s Russian Dictionary is, as its name implies, designed for beginning learners of the Russian language, including those who are going to take the Test of Russian as a Foreign Language (TORFL) at the elementary (A1) level. The dictionary is based on the official Lexical Minimum for the standardized test, which was developed by the ","cbCaiffk7PNUhmmF","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiffk7PNUhmmF","pdf",4825984,"English","# Introduction\n## Using The Dictionary\n## Pronunciation\n## The TORFL Test\n## Terminology and Abbreviations\n# Russian-English\n# English-Russian\n# Audio Tracks and Download","[{\"question\":\"What level and purpose is the dictionary designed for?\",\"answer\":\"It is designed for complete beginners of Russian and supports preparation for TORFL at the elementary (A1) level.\"},{\"question\":\"How is the 1,000-word headword list determined?\",\"answer\":\"It is based on the official Lexical Minimum for the standardized test (780 items for A1), then expanded with countries, common personal names, and grammatical terms.\"},{\"question\":\"What learning materials are included to practice beyond word lookups?\",\"answer\":\"It provides grammar tables, usage notes, example sentences limited to A1 vocabulary, and accompanying audio tracks for listening and pronunciation.\"}]","Beginning Learner’s Russian Dictionary - A1 Level - Guided Learning | PDF",1790649212,48]