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Findings show fewer than one-third of cosmetology students graduate on time, leaving many delayed from entering the workforce and increasing debt. Average costs exceed $16,000 and students borrow over $7,300, while licensed cosmetologists earn about $26,000 annually.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/beauty-school-debt-and-drop-outs-how-state-cosmetology-licensing-fails-aspiring-beauty-workers/584759/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/beauty-school-debt-and-drop-outs-how-state-cosmetology-licensing-fails-aspiring-beauty-workers/584759.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Damian","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-14","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",15,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"How often do cosmetology students graduate on time, according to the report?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Less than one-third of cosmetology students graduate on time. The report also notes that even in the year with the highest on-time graduation rates, at least 15% of schools graduated no students on time.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What financial burden do cosmetology students face?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The education required for licensure costs more than $16,000 on average and takes about a year for students who graduate on time. Students borrow over $7,300 on average to finance this education.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Why do the authors argue state licensing requirements contribute to the problem?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The report suggests state-mandated instructional hours largely explain program length because most program lengths match local licensure-required hours. It also argues that average licensing requirements exceed those for other occupations with greater inherent risks and that curricula devote little time to health and safety.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},584759,1792211151,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146,"preview_page_count":4},137451208677,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Beauty School Debt and Drop-Outs  \nHow State Cosmetology Licensing Fails Aspiring Beauty Workers  \nBy Mindy Menjou, Michael Bednarczuk, Ph. D. , and Amy Hunter  \nJuly 2021  \nBeauty School Debt and Drop-Outs  \nHow State Cosmetology Licensing Fails Aspiring Beauty Workers  \nBy Mindy Menjou, Michael Bednarczuk, Ph. D. , and Amy Hunter  \nContents  \nExecutive Summary ______________________________________________________________ 4  \nIntroduction______________________________________________________________________ 6  \nBackground ______________________________________________________________________ 8  \nData and Analysis ________________________________________________________________ 11  \nSidebar: Cosmetology School Makes a Bad Match for Aspiring Makeup Artists___ 14  \nResults __________________________________________________________________________ 16  \nSidebar: Beauty Schools Use Ugly Practices to Boost Profits _____________________ 28  \nDiscussion _______________________________________________________________________ 30  \nConclusion _______________________________________________________________________ 32  \nAppendix A: State-by-State Results ______________________________________________ 34  \nAppendix B: Methods ____________________________________________________________ 50  \nEndnotes _________________________________________________________________________ 54  \nAbout the Authors________________________________________________________________ 59  \nAcknowledgments _______________________________________________________________ 60  \nExecutive Summary    \nIn recent years, policymakers and scholars have focused increasing attention on overly burdensome occupational licensing laws. But while much research has examined the costs and benefits of occupational licensing in general, little work has systematically analyzed the experiences of people pursuing careers in cosmetology—one of the most widely and onerously regulated fields for lower-income workers. This study of federal educational data, including a deep dive into a large, and largely untapped, dataset on nondegree credentials and work experience programs, aims to fill that void.  \nKey findings include:  \nLess than  \n1/3  \nof cosmetology students graduate on time  \nCosmetologists earn only around  \n$26,000  \na year on average  \nOn average, the education required for cosmetology licensure costs more than $16,000 and takes about a year to complete for students graduating on time, and aspirants typically incur significant student loan debt to finance it. Cosmetology students borrowed over $7,300 on average.  \nCosmetology programs rarely graduate students on time, delaying—or even blocking—aspiring cosmetologists’ entry into the workforce and increasing their debt burden. In the year with the highest on-time graduation rates, at least 15% of cosmetology schools graduated no students on time. On average, less than a third of cosmetology students graduate on time. And less than two-thirds graduate even with another year in school.  \nIf aspiring cosmetologists graduate and become licensed, they frequently end up in jobs where they earn low wages and work long hours with very little time off, likely making it difficult torepay loans. On average, cosmetologists earn around $26,000 a year—less than restaurant cooks, janitors and concierges, occupations without burdensome state licensure or state-mandated education requirements.  \nCosmetology school costs more than  \n$16,000  \non average  \nOur data also suggest state licensure requirements largely explain why cosmetology school takes as long as it does. State-mandated instructional hours vary widely across the states, yet nearly all cosmetology program lengths in our dataset exactly match the hours required for licensure locally. When states have lowered hours requirements, cosmetology schools have generally followed suit.  \nPrior research indicates state cosmetology schooling requirements bear little relation to public health and safet","cbCaipvITPGfF6dj","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipvITPGfF6dj","pdf",7277349,64,"English","# Executive Summary\n# Introduction\n# Background\n# Data and Analysis\n## Sidebar: Cosmetology School Makes a Bad Match for Aspiring Makeup Artists\n# Results\n## Sidebar: Beauty Schools Use Ugly Practices to Boost Profits\n# Discussion\n# Conclusion\n# Appendix A: State-by-State Results\n# Appendix B: Methods","[{\"question\":\"How often do cosmetology students graduate on time, according to the report?\",\"answer\":\"Less than one-third of cosmetology students graduate on time. The report also notes that even in the year with the highest on-time graduation rates, at least 15% of schools graduated no students on time.\"},{\"question\":\"What financial burden do cosmetology students face?\",\"answer\":\"The education required for licensure costs more than $16,000 on average and takes about a year for students who graduate on time. Students borrow over $7,300 on average to finance this education.\"},{\"question\":\"Why do the authors argue state licensing requirements contribute to the problem?\",\"answer\":\"The report suggests state-mandated instructional hours largely explain program length because most program lengths match local licensure-required hours. It also argues that average licensing requirements exceed those for other occupations with greater inherent risks and that curricula devote little time to health and safety.\"}]","Beauty School Debt and Drop-Outs - How State Cosmetology Licensing Fails Aspiring Beauty Workers | PDF",1792052252,161]