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Volume I covers basic ratemaking techniques including exposures, premiums, losses and LAE, credibility, implementation, and commercial lines rating mechanisms, progressing through multivariate and special classification as well as claims-made approaches. Volume II extends into ISO personal auto, ASOP trending procedures, and additional principles, followed by an unpaid claim estimation sequence covering estimation techniques, diagnostic tools, development triangles, and supporting documentation and disclosure.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/basic-ratemaking-techniques-volume-i-table-of-contents/399075/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/basic-ratemaking-techniques-volume-i-table-of-contents/399075.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"\tJames","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-27",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does Volume I in the manual focus on?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Volume I focuses on basic ratemaking techniques, covering topics such as rating manuals, exposures, premium components, losses and LAE, credibility, and implementation, including traditional and multivariate classification.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which subjects are included in Volume II?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Volume II includes ISO personal auto and ASOP/CAS-related ratemaking principles, then transitions to unpaid claim estimation topics such as development triangles, multiple estimation techniques, and evaluation of techniques.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How are actuarial exam questions referenced and labeled in the manual?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The manual explains that numbers in parentheses at the end of each question identify exam questions, CAS questions use a four-number pattern separated by hyphens, and notation like W, A, and MC describes written-answer, afternoon, and converted true/false multiple-choice formats.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},399075,1790578929,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},2336474466412,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","P  U  B  L  I  C  A  T  I  O  N  S  \ne Experts In Actuarial Career Advancement  \nProduct Preview  \nFor More Information: email [Support@ActexMadRiver.com](Support@ActexMadRiver.com)  \nor call 1(800) 282-2839  \nTABLE OF CONTENTS  \nVolume I  \nBASIC RATEMAKING TECHNIQUES  \n1. Werner 1 \"Introduction\" 1  \n2. Werner 2 \"Rating Manuals\" 11  \n3. Werner 3 \"Ratemaking Data\" 15  \n4. Werner 4 \"Exposures\" 27  \n5. Werner 5 \"Premium\" 45  \n6. Werner 6 \"Losses and LAE\" 99  \n7. Werner 7 \"Other Expenses and Profits\" 161  \n8. Werner 8 \"Overall Indication\" 177  \n9. Werner 9 \"Traditional Risk Classification\" 233  \n10. Werner 10 \"Multivariate Classification\" 269  \n11. Werner 11 \"Special Classification\" 283  \n12. Werner 12 \"Credibility\" 363  \n13. Werner 13 \"Other Consideration\" 387  \n14. Werner 14 \"Implementation\" 395  \n15. Werner 15 \"Commercial Lines Rating Mechanisms\" 429  \n16. Werner 16 \"Claims-Made Ratemaking\" 477  \nVolume II  \n17. ISO Personal Auto Manual 507  \n18. ASOP 13 \"Trending Procedures in Property/Casualty Insurance Ratemaking\" 523  \n19. CAS Ratemaking Statement of Principles Regarding P&C Insurance Ratemaking 529  \n20, AAA “Risk Classification Statement of Principles” 541  \n21. Feldblum \"Personal Automobile Premiums: An Asset Share Approach\" 563  \nUNPAID CLAIM ESTIMATION  \n22. Friedland 1 “Overview” 595  \n23. Friedland 2 “The Claims Process” 603  \n24. Friedland 3 “Understanding the Types of Data Used in Estimation of Unpaid Claims” 607  \n25. Friedland 4 “Meeting with Management” 619  \n26. Friedland 5 “The Development Triangle” 625  \n27. Friedland 6 “The Development Triangle as a Diagnostic Tool” 631  \n28. Friedland 7 “Development Technique” 641  \n29. Friedland 8 “Expected Claims Technique” 665  \n30. Friedland 9 “Bornhuetter-Ferguson Technique” 673  \n31. Friedland 10 “Cape Cod Technique” 707  \n32. Friedland 11 “Frequency-Severity Technique” 713  \n33. Friedland 12 “Case Outstanding Development Technique” 749  \n34. Friedland 13 “Berquist-Sherman Techniques” 763  \n35. Friedland 14 “Recoveries: Salvage and Subrogation and Reinsurance” 821  \n36. Friedland 15 “Evaluation of Techniques” 833  \n37. Friedland 16 “Estimating Unpaid Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses” 869  \n38. Friedland 17 “Estimating Unpaid Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses” 877  \n39. ASOP 9 “Documentation and Disclosure in Ratemaking, Reserving, and Valuations” 917  \n40. ASOP 43 “Property/Casualty Unpaid Claim Estimates” 925  \n41. CAS Reserves Statement of Principles Regarding Insurance P&C Reserves 931  \nNOTES  \nQuestions and parts of some solutions have been taken from material copyrighted by the Casualty Actuarial Society. They are reproduced in this study manual with the permission of the CAS solely to aid students studying for the actuarial exams. Some editing of questions has been done. Students may also request past exams directly from the society. I am very grateful to this organization for its cooperation and permission to use this material. It is, of course, in no way responsible for the structure or accuracy of the manual.  \nNumbers in parentheses at the end of each question identify exam questions. CAS questions have four numbers separated by hyphens: the year of the exam, the number of the exam, the number of the question, and the points assigned. SoA or joint exam questions usually lack the number for points assigned. W indicates a written answer question; for questions of this type, the number of points assigned is also given. A indicates a question from the afternoon part of an exam. MC indicates that a multiple-choice question has been converted into a true/false question.  \nPage numbers (p.) with solutions refer to the reading to which the question has been assigned unless otherwise noted.  \nAlthough I have made a conscientious effort to eliminate mistakes and incorrect answers, I am certain some remain. I am very grateful to students who discovered errors in the past and encourage those of you who find others to bring them to my attention. I would also like t","cbCaibRCSZIFiBer","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibRCSZIFiBer","pdf",667076,41,"English","# Volume I - Basic Ratemaking Techniques\n## Werner Chapters 1-16\n# Volume II\n## ISO Personal Auto Manual; ASOP 13; CAS Statement of Principles\n## Unpaid Claim Estimation - Friedland Chapters 1-17\n## ASOP 9; ASOP 43; CAS Reserves Statement of Principles\n# Notes\n## Permissions and exam question usage\n## Notation and page-reference conventions\n# Outline\n## I. INTRODUCTION\n### A. Insurance Pricing\n### B. Rating Manuals\n## II. BASIC INSURANCE TERMS\n### A. Exposure\n### B. Premium","[{\"question\":\"What does Volume I in the manual focus on?\",\"answer\":\"Volume I focuses on basic ratemaking techniques, covering topics such as rating manuals, exposures, premium components, losses and LAE, credibility, and implementation, including traditional and multivariate classification.\"},{\"question\":\"Which subjects are included in Volume II?\",\"answer\":\"Volume II includes ISO personal auto and ASOP/CAS-related ratemaking principles, then transitions to unpaid claim estimation topics such as development triangles, multiple estimation techniques, and evaluation of techniques.\"},{\"question\":\"How are actuarial exam questions referenced and labeled in the manual?\",\"answer\":\"The manual explains that numbers in parentheses at the end of each question identify exam questions, CAS questions use a four-number pattern separated by hyphens, and notation like W, A, and MC describes written-answer, afternoon, and converted true/false multiple-choice formats.\"}]","Basic Ratemaking Techniques - Volume I - Table of Contents | PDF",1790492340,103]