[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-108773-en":3,"doc-seo-108773-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},108773,1099514067438,"River Wang","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002539ee87300030?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1780474512215547542",8,"Research & Report","BACKGROUND PAPER ON SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE AFW REGION - WEST AND CENTRAL AFRICA EDUCATION STRATEGY BACKGROUND PAPER","Background paper prepared for the World Bank’s AFW Education Strategy 2022-2025, focused on school infrastructure in the West and Central Africa region. It outlines the regional context, explains the rationale for the policy note, and presents diagnostics on infrastructure need and supply. The analysis covers demographic, access-versus-quality, poverty, rural, and infrastructure planning challenges, then reviews the World Bank portfolio and provides recommendations across school construction decision points from macro- to micro-planning and implementation arrangements.","Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized  \nBACKGROUND PAPER ON SCHOOL  \nINFRASTRUCTURE IN THE AFW REGION  \nBACKGROUND PAPER FOR THE  \nWEST AND CENTRAL AFRICA EDUCATION STRATEGY  \nThanh Thi Mai, Harisoa Rasolonjatovo, Serge Theunynck,  \nOmer Nasir Elseed, and Mahesh Dahal.  \nStandard Disclaimer:  \nThis background note was prepared for the World Bank’s AFW Education Strategy 2022-2025. It is made available here to communicate the results of the Bank’s work to the development community with the least possible delay. The manuscript of this paper, therefore, has not been prepared in accordance with the procedures appropriate to formally-edited texts. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.  \nCopyright Statement:  \nThe material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly.  \nFor permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA, telephone 978-750-8400, fax 978-750-4470, [http://www.copyright.com/](http://www.copyright.com/) .  \nAll other queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the Office of  \nthe Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA, fax 202-522-2422, e-mail [pubrights@worldbank.org](pubrights@worldbank.org).  \nContents  \nAcknowledgements.................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.  \nAbbreviations ....................................................................................................................................6  \n1. Introduction and Regional Context .................................................................................................8  \n2. Rational for the policy note/background paper ...............................................................................8  \n3. Diagnostics on School Infrastructure Need and Supply: Challenges and Opportunities .....................9  \nDemographic Challenges .......................................................................................................................... 9  \nChallenge of Inadequate Supply of School Infrastructure to Meet Demand for Schooling................... 10  \nChallenge of Balancing of Priority Between Access and Quality ............................................................ 13  \nThe Poverty Challenge ............................................................................................................................ 20  \nThe Rural Challenge ................................................................................................................................ 21  \nInefficient Infrastructure Development Planning Challenge .................................................................. 22  \n4. World Bank Portfolio for School Infrastructure..............................................................................25  \n5. Recommendations on School Construction Decision Process .........................................................26  \nDecision point 1: Inclusion of infrastructure in education p","cbCailiNZQ9imXfA","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailiNZQ9imXfA","pdf",1322054,4,1,49,"English","en",105,"# Acknowledgements\n# Abbreviations\n# Introduction and Regional Context\n# Rational for the policy note/background paper\n# Diagnostics on School Infrastructure Need and Supply: Challenges and Opportunities\n## Demographic Challenges\n## Challenges of Inadequate Supply of School Infrastructure\n## Balancing Access and Quality\n## Poverty Challenge\n## Rural Challenge\n## Inefficient Infrastructure Development Planning Challenge\n# World Bank Portfolio for School Infrastructure\n# Recommendations on School Construction Decision Process\n## Decision point 1: Inclusion in education projects and programs\n## Decision point 2: Macro-planning allocation of infrastructure financing\n## Decision point 3: Micro-planning where to build a new school facility\n## Decision point 4: Choice of school construction package\n## Decision point 5: Implementation arrangement\n## Decision point 6: Inclusion of school maintenance component\n# Short and Medium-Term Considerations\n# Annex. School Infrastructure Planning and Implementation Practices\n## Planning school construction\n## Standards and Norms\n## Value for Money (VfM) Analysis\n## Implementation of school construction\n# Bibliography","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose and audience of this background paper?\",\"answer\":\"It was prepared for the World Bank’s AFW Education Strategy 2022-2025 and shared with the development community to communicate results with minimal delay.\"},{\"question\":\"Which main challenges are analyzed regarding school infrastructure?\",\"answer\":\"The paper reviews demographic challenges, inadequate supply to meet demand, access versus quality trade-offs, poverty and rural constraints, and inefficient infrastructure development planning.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the paper guide decision-making for school construction?\",\"answer\":\"It sets out a decision process with multiple decision points covering inclusion in education projects, macro- and micro-planning, choice of construction packages, implementation arrangements, and including school maintenance components.\"}]","BACKGROUND PAPER ON SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE AFW REGION - 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