[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-147246-105":59,"doc-detail-147246-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","bab-ii-literature-review-chapter-literature-review","BAB II LITERATURE REVIEW - Chapter Ⅱ Literature Review","","This chapter develops a theoretical framework for analyzing heteronormativity and its effects on queer issues through the novel Death in Venice by Thomas Mann. It centers on how Gustav von Aschenbach’s complicated love is shaped by social norms that privilege heterosexuality. Queer criticism is selected as the academic approach, drawing on key concepts of queer theory and heteronormativity, including definitions, historical emergence, and literary-theory relevance to sexual minorities.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/bab-ii-literature-review-chapter-literature-review/147246/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/bab-ii-literature-review-chapter-literature-review/147246.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"River Wang","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-18","2026-08-26",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What novel and character are used as the study’s primary focus?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study focuses on Thomas Mann’s novel Death in Venice, emphasizing Gustav von Aschenbach and the complicated love he develops.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why does the writer choose queer criticism as the analysis theory?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Queer criticism is chosen to academically analyze the influence of heteronormativity on the love story and to explain how the character confronts the queer issues he carries.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How is heteronormativity described in relation to queer people?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Heteronormativity is presented as a strong social norm that glorifies heterosexual marriage and leads to marginalization and discrimination against queer people.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},147246,1787760706,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},1099514067438,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002539ee87300030?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1780474512215547542","# CHAPTERⅡ\n\nLITERATURE REVIEW  \n## A.   Theoretical Framework\n\nThe corpus of the study is a novel titled Death in Venice by ThomasMann.This study focuses on the complicated love that Gustav vonAeschenbach feels as the result of heteronormativity which is described in thestory.This study is expected to figure out the influence of heteronormativity invon Aeschenbach love story and how the character faces the queer issue hecarries.Therefore,the writer chooses Queer criticism as the proper theory tosupport the analysis academically.  \nThe writer is going to use the theory of heteronormativity by MichaelWarner in his works entitled Public and Counterpublic and Sex in Public.Nevertheless,other statements for queer study are also used as the supportingexplanations that help the writer to do this analysis.  \n### 1.Queer\n\nQueer comes from Germanic term means strange or weird(MiriamWebster vol.12).Later,this term is used to mention some people who -according to heterosexual society-are different.This consideration comes  \nbecause of the existence of heteronormativity that glorifies and propagates thespecialty of heterosexuality.  \nIn Queer Theory An Introduction,Jagose states that once the termqueer'was,at best,slang for homosexual,at worst,a term of homophobicabuse,however,in recent years 'queer'has come to be used differently,sometimes as an umbrella term for a coalition of culturally marginal sexual self-identifications and at other times to describe a nascent theoretical model whichhas developed out of more traditional lesbian and gay studies(1).In otherwords,queer has experienced a transition of meaning in which in the past,it isconsidered to identify the homosexual people,while nowadays,it used as theidentity in which homosexual,bisexual,and transgender experience movementin the modern era.  \nAccording to UC Berkeley Gender Equity Resource Center's onlinesource,queer is an umbrella term to refer to all LGBT(Lesbian,Gay,Bisexual,and Transgender)people.It is a political statement,as well as a sexualorientation,which advocates breaking binary thinking and seeing both sexualorientationand genderidentityaspotentially fluid(www.ucberkeleygenderresourcecenter.org).It means that nowadays in themodern era,queer has been the term to identify LGBT people as the part ofsociety who has the same right as the heterosexual people,not the outsiders.The term umbrella that is used in this definition means group and alsomovement that embrace anyone who is included as different such ashomosexual,transgender,and many others(1).  \nQueer theory appears because there are many issues about sexualitywhich is different from the traditional heterosexual issue.For instance,gay andlesbian issues that appears in some western countries.Those issues do not onlyappear in the real life,but also in literary work.As the result,many theoristshave interest in studying the phenomenon such as Judith Butler,Gayle S.Rubin,and Michael Warner.  \nAccording to Dr.Mary Klages in Queer Theory,the word \"queer\"inqueer theory has some of these connotations,particularly its alignment withideas about homosexuality,it is a brand-new branch of study or theoreticalspeculation;it has only been named as an area since about 1991 and grew out ofgay/lesbian studies,a discipline which itself is very new,existing in any kind oforganized form only since about the mid-1980s(1).It means that queer is thenew theory that concerns with all issue about sexual minorities such ashomosexuality that has not been studied before 1991.In other words,the term'queer'is also used to call some people who have different sexual tendencyfrom the straight,it is also discipline knowledge to study that such issue.  \nAccording to Rosenberg in Definition of Queer,the introduction of theword queer evoked an entirely different debate in the English speakingcountries,where many lesbians,gays and transgender people took umbrage at aword that was so strongly associated with a negatively charged history(1).Inother words,queer","cbCaig7TP2oderoC","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaig7TP2oderoC","pdf",946051,13,"English","# A. Theoretical Framework\n## 1. Queer\n## 2. Heteronormativity","[{\"question\":\"What novel and character are used as the study’s primary focus?\",\"answer\":\"The study focuses on Thomas Mann’s novel Death in Venice, emphasizing Gustav von Aschenbach and the complicated love he develops.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the writer choose queer criticism as the analysis theory?\",\"answer\":\"Queer criticism is chosen to academically analyze the influence of heteronormativity on the love story and to explain how the character confronts the queer issues he carries.\"},{\"question\":\"How is heteronormativity described in relation to queer people?\",\"answer\":\"Heteronormativity is presented as a strong social norm that glorifies heterosexual marriage and leads to marginalization and discrimination against queer people.\"}]","BAB II LITERATURE REVIEW - Chapter Ⅱ Literature Review | PDF",33]