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B7H4, also known as B7x, B7H4, B7S1, and VTCN1, is a B7 immune checkpoint with an expression profile distinct from classical pathways. Evidence indicates B7H4 promotes tumour progression in immune “cold” tumours and suppresses T-cell effector functions, supporting its therapeutic potential. This review summarizes clinical implications, immunological mechanisms, potential treatment strategies, and ongoing B7H4-targeting trials.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/b7h4-role-in-solid-cancers-a-review-of-the-literature/331009/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/b7h4-role-in-solid-cancers-a-review-of-the-literature/331009.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Noah","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is B7H4 and why is it considered a promising therapeutic target?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"B7H4 is a member of the B7 immune checkpoint family with an expression pattern distinct from classical checkpoints. Its expression is aberrant in many solid tumours, and it can suppress anti-tumour immunity, making it a candidate immunotherapy target.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does B7H4 contribute to tumour progression in immune “cold” tumours?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The review describes B7H4 promoting tumour progression by supporting migration and proliferation of tumour cells and by helping cancer stem cell persistence in immune “cold” contexts.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What kinds of therapies targeting B7H4 have been evaluated clinically?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Clinical trials have assessed B7H4 targeting approaches including monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, and CAR T cells.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},331009,1790703347,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},8796095462418,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/80000253c1241d02b47?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1778826106357471780","cancers   \nReview  \nB7H4 Role in Solid Cancers: A Review of the Literature  \nMiriam Dawidowicz 1,*, Anna Kot 2, Sylwia Mielcarska 2, Katarzyna Psykała 2, Agnieszka Kula 1, Dariusz Waniczek 1 and Elbieta ´Swi˛etochowska 2, *  \nCitation: Dawidowicz, M.; Kot, A.; Mielcarska, S.; Psykała, K.; Kula, A.;  \nWaniczek, D.; ´Swi˛etochowska, E. B7H4 Role in Solid Cancers: A Review of the Literature. Cancers 2024, 16, 2519. [https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)cancers16142519  \nAcademic Editor: David Wong  \nReceived: 3 June 2024  \nRevised: 27 June 2024  \nAccepted: 9 July 2024  \nPublished: 11 July 2024  \n1 Department of Oncological Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-808 Katowice, Poland  \n2 Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland  \n* Correspondence: [d201069@365.sum.edu.pl](d201069@365.sum.edu.pl) (M.D.); [eswietochowska@365.sum.edu.pl](eswietochowska@365.sum.edu.pl) (E.´S .)  \nSimple Summary: B7H4 emerges as a promising therapeutic target exhibiting negative costimulatory activity and whose expression is aberrant in a wide range of solid tumours. This molecule has obtained increased attention as the immune checkpoint is highly expressed in immune “cold”tumours in which the presence of PD-1 and PD-L1-is minimal, making these tumours unresponsive to most currently used immunotherapies. Deficient expression of B7H4 in normal tissue and its overexpression in malignant neoplasms makes B7H4 an attractive immunotherapy agent with potentially lower toxicity than anti-PD-1 and PD-L1 treatment. Numerous clinical trials have evaluated B7H4 targeting immunotherapy using various treatment modalities, including monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, and CAR T cells. In this review, we aimed to update the current state of knowledge regarding B7H4’s role in tumour promotion and immune evasion and summarise results from clinical trials assessing immunotherapies targeting B7H4 in solid tumours.  \nAbstract: Anti-cancer immunotherapies entirely changed the therapeutic approach to oncological patients. However, despite the undeniable success of anti-PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 antibody treatments, their effectiveness is limited either by certain types of malignancies or by the arising problem of cancer resistance. B7H4 (aliases B7x, B7H4, B7S1, VTCN1) is a member of a B7 immune checkpoint family with a distinct expression pattern from classical immune checkpoint pathways. The growing amount of research results seem to support the thesis that B7H4 might be a very potent therapeutic target. B7H4 was demonstrated to promote tumour progression in immune “cold”tumours by promoting migration, proliferation of tumour cells, and cancer stem cell persistence. B7H4 suppresses T cell effector functions, including inflammatory cytokine production, cytolytic activity, proliferation of T cells, and promoting the polarisation of naïve CD4 T cells into induced Tregs. This review aimed to summarise the available information about B7H4, focusing in particular on clinical implications, immunological mechanisms, potential strategies for malignancy treatment, and ongoing clinical trials.  \nKeywords: B7H4; immunotherapy; immune checkpoint; B7 family; immunological tumour microenvironment  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1. Introduction  \nB7H4 is a promising target for novel immunotherapies in many cancers and autoimmune diseases. B7H4 (B7 homolog 4, aliases B7x, B7H4, B7S1, VTCN1) is a seventh member of the B7 family of cell signalli","cbCaijBzm9d0PEFI","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijBzm9d0PEFI","pdf",1657275,28,"English","# Introduction\n## B7H4 as an immunotherapy target\n## Discovery and gene/protein characteristics\n## Tissue expression patterns and regulation\n## Role in cold immune-contexture cancers","[{\"question\":\"What is B7H4 and why is it considered a promising therapeutic target?\",\"answer\":\"B7H4 is a member of the B7 immune checkpoint family with an expression pattern distinct from classical checkpoints. Its expression is aberrant in many solid tumours, and it can suppress anti-tumour immunity, making it a candidate immunotherapy target.\"},{\"question\":\"How does B7H4 contribute to tumour progression in immune “cold” tumours?\",\"answer\":\"The review describes B7H4 promoting tumour progression by supporting migration and proliferation of tumour cells and by helping cancer stem cell persistence in immune “cold” contexts.\"},{\"question\":\"What kinds of therapies targeting B7H4 have been evaluated clinically?\",\"answer\":\"Clinical trials have assessed B7H4 targeting approaches including monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, and CAR T cells.\"}]","B7H4 Role in Solid Cancers - A Review of the Literature | PDF",1789991073,71]